三相电抗器立体井型线声源等效模型的建立

通过对特高压变电站内主设备噪声的测量，发现三相电抗器噪声最大，且出现极大与极小值交替现象。说明电抗器噪声在传播过程中存在明显的干涉效应，这也是造成常用商业噪声软件的预测值与实测结果不符的主要原因。为解决此问题，本文基于FEM声固耦合及FEM-BEM耦合理论，使用数值仿真软件COMSOL对三相电抗器声源特性及声源等效模型建立方法展开研究。研究发现三相电抗器噪声频谱中100Hz的声功率级占比全频带声功率级超过90%，说明100Hz是造成干涉效应的主要频率。并基于此频率提出一种通过设置井型线声源的方法建立三相电抗器声源等效模型。结果显示模型仿真计算的预测结果与实测值的趋势基本一致，差异在修正后实现了较高的吻合度。本文研究对三相电抗器设备的噪声预测与治理具有现实指导意义，为特高压输变电工程的进一步精细化设计提供了一种有效思路与方法。

Establishment and Research of The Equivalent Model of Three-phase Reactor Three-dimensional Well-shaped Line Sound Source

Through the measurement of the noise of the main equipment in the UHV substation, it was found that the three-phase reactor had the largest noise, and the phenomenon of alternating maximum and minimum values occurred. It shows that the noise of reactor had obvious interference effect during the propagation process, which was also the main reason that the predicted value of commonly used commercial noise software does not match the measured result. In order to solve this problem, based on the FEM acoustic-structure coupling and FEM-BEM coupling theory, the sound source characteristics of the three-phase reactor and the sound source equivalent model establishment method were studied by using the numerical simulation software COMSOL. The study found that the 100Hz sound power level in the noise spectrum of the shunt reactor accounted for more than 90% of the full-band sound power level, indicating that 100Hz was the main frequency that causes interference effects. Based on this frequency, a method of setting up a well-shaped line sound source was proposed to establish an equivalent sound source model of a three-phase reactor. The results showed that the predicted results of the model simulation calculation were basically consistent with the trends of the measured values, and the difference had achieved a higher degree of agreement after correction. The research in this paper has practical guiding significance for the noise prediction and control of shunt reactor equipment, and an effective idea and method for the further refined design of UHV transmission and transformation projects are provided.