小腹主动脉瘤临床随访现状与展望

小腹主动脉瘤是指瘤体最大直径30～54 mm的腹主动脉瘤。虽然多数患者无症状且破裂风险较低,但临床工作中仍会遇到小瘤体破裂的患者。瘤体一旦破裂其病死率极高。同时,随访过程中给予手术干预的比例也非常高。目前尚缺乏成熟的针对发病机制层面的治疗策略。如何做好临床随访工作、预测破裂风险及时行外科人工血管置换术或腔内隔绝术显得尤为重要。笔者就目前小腹主动脉瘤的临床随访现状以及如何精准预测破裂风险予以阐述。

Clinical follow-up of small abdominal aortic aneurysms: current status and outlook

The small abdominal aortic aneurysm is defined as an abdominal aortic aneurysm with a maximal diameter of 30-54 mm. Most patients are asymptomatic and have a low risk of rupture. However, there are still cases of small abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture in clinical practice. Once the aneurysm ruptures, the mortality rate is very high. Meanwhile, the proportion of surgical intervention during follow-up was also considerably high. At present, there are no established treatment strategies targeting the pathogenesis. So, how to carry out an adequate clinical follow-up, prediction of the risk of rupture, and timely prosthetic vessel replacement or endovascular graft exclusion are particularly important. In this paper, the authors describe the current status of clinical follow-up of abdominal aortic aneurysm and how to accurately predict the risk of rupture.