烤烟新品种中烟特香301特征香气物质研究

为从分子水平认识烤烟新品种中烟特香301特征香韵的香气物质基础，采用顶空-箭型固相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用法（HS-SPME Arrow-GC/MS）测定了中烟特香301和对照品种中烟100中挥发、半挥发性香气成分，结合主成分分析（PCA）和偏最小二乘-判别分析（PLS-DA）方法分析了中烟特香301的特征香气成分。结果表明：①两个品种中共检测到香气物质102种，其中质体色素降解产物20种、美拉德反应产物32种、苯丙氨酸和木质素转化产物12种、西柏烷类降解转化产物2种、脂类代谢转化产物2种、氨基酸降解产物5种、其他来源降解产物29种；②中烟特香301与中烟100含量差异显著的香气物质有46种，包括质体色素降解产物9种、美拉德反应产物15种、苯丙氨酸和木质素转化产物4种、脂类代谢转化产物2种、氨基酸降解产物2种、其他类14种，其中41种香气物质含量增加。中烟特香301的特征香韵可能与其香气物质的大幅增加密切相关，质体色素降解产物尤其是类胡萝卜素降解产物对中烟特香301花香香韵的形成发挥主要作用。

Study on the Characteristic Aroma Components of a New Flue-cured Tobacco Variety Zhongyantexiang 301

In order to reveal the aroma material basis of Zhongyantexiang 301 (TX301), a new flue-cured tobacco variety with characteristic aroma, the volatile and semi volatile aroma components of TX301 and Zhongyan100 (ZY100) were determined by headspace-solid phase microextraction arrow coupled with gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (HS-SPME arrow-GC/MS), principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) method was used to analyze the characteristic aroma components in TX301. The results showed that:(1) there were 102 volatile aroma components in the two materials, including 20 plastid pigment degradation products, 32 maillard reaction products, 12 phenylalanine and lignin degradation products, 2 cembranoids degradation products, 2 lipid metabolism degradation products, 5 amino acid degradation products and 29 degradation products from other ways. (2) compared with ZY100, there were 46 aroma components significantly different in TX301, including 9 plastid pigment degradation products, 15 maillard reaction products, 4 phenylalanine and lignin degradation products, and 2 lipid metabolism degradation products, 2 amino acid degradation products, 14 degradation products from other ways, most of the aroma components (41) contents increased. The performance of TX301 characteristic aroma may be closely related to the significant increase of aroma components. Plastid pigment degradation products, especially carotenoid degradation products, play a major role in the formation of flower aroma of TX301.