北京市大学生避孕知识、态度、行为现况调查

目的 了解北京市在校大学生避孕知识、态度、行为及影响因素.方法 采用定量研究方法,根据知情同意原则选择12 450名未婚大学生进行匿名问卷调查.结果 共回收12 129份有效问卷,其中女生的避孕相关知识知晓率高于男生,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000).赞成未婚同居及性解放的比率男生分别为81.9%和60.2%,女生分别为74.8%和54.3%;74.3%的男生和24.9%的女生有性自慰史,18.4%的男生和10.5%女生承认发生过婚前性行为;在有性行为的学生中,29.4%的男生曾导致性伴意外妊娠,23.1%的女生发生过意外妊娠;在对以上知识的态度和行为中男女生间的差异均有统计学意义(意外妊娠P=0.004,其余P=0.000).在首次性行为中使用避孕措施的男生和女生均为51.3%;没有使用避孕药具的主要原因是性行为没有计划而未备避孕药具,认为使用麻烦、影响情趣及认为偶尔性行为不会导致怀孕.结论 大学生未婚性行为发生率呈日益上升趋势,未婚性行为中避孕药具使用率低,意外妊娠发生率高,亟需在大学生中加强避孕知识的宣传.

Survey an knowledge, attitude, practice related to contraception among college students in Beijing

Objective To understand the current status and relative factors on knowledge, attitude, practice to contraception among college students in Beijing and to provide evidence for developing aimed contraceptive service and education in colleges. Methods Quantitative surveys were employed, questionnaire was conducted anonymously among 12 450 unmarried college students under informed consent. Results Among 12 129 students, acknowledgement of contraceptive knowledge among females was superior to males in college(P=0.000). Rates on the favor for unmarried sexual practice and 'sexual liberation' were 81.9% and 60.2% for males, comparing to 74.8% and 54.3% for females respectively. The prevalence rates for masturbation were 74.3% for males and 24.9% for females respectively. 18.4% of the male and 10.5% of the female students had ever experienced unmarried sexual intercourse. Among those students who had sexual experiences, 29.4% of the males had made their sex partners pregnant and 23.1% of the female students had experienced unexpected pregnancy. Statistical significance was found between males and females (P=0.000) in terms of attitudes and behaviors. 51.3% of the male and female students took contraceptive measures during the episode of first sexual intercourse. The excuses for not taking any measures would include: sexual intercourse happened incidentally, not interested in using condom, only one sexual experience would not cause pregnancy, etc. Conclusion The prevalence of unmarried sexual intercourse among college students had been rising. Among those who had experienced unmarried sexual intercourse, the rate of taking contraceptive measures was low and the incidence of unexpected pregnancy was high. It is urgent to strengthen the education and service programs on contraception among college students.