微波无溶剂法提取东紫苏精油的工艺研究及成分分析

采用微波无溶剂法提取东紫苏精油,考察工艺中料液比、浸泡时间、提取时间、微波功率对精油提取率的影响,在单因素试验的基础上通过正交试验对提取工艺进行优化并采用气相色谱-质谱(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)技术鉴定东紫苏精油的化学成分。结果表明,微波无溶剂提取东紫苏精油的最佳工艺条件为:料液比1∶6(体积比),浸泡时间2 h,提取时间60 min,微波功率600 W,精油得率0.096 mL/50 g。采用GC-MS技术,从提取的精油中鉴定出43种化学成分,主要成分为乙酸松油酯,相对含量达到了56.25%,其次为丙酸香叶酯(6.8%)、棕榈酸(4.95%)、依朴酚醇(4.83%)、氧化石竹烯(4.41%)、乙酸(Z)-5-十二烯醇酯(3.28%)、α-松油醇(2.91%)、(S)-(+)-5-(1-羟基-1-甲基乙基)-2-甲基-环己烯-1酮(1.18%)、萜品醇(1.14%)、植酮(1.1%)。

Study on the Extracting Process of Essential Oil from Elsholtiza bodinieri Vaniot by Solvent-free Microwave Extraction and the Analysis for the Composition of the Essential Oil

The Elsholtiza bodinieri Vaniot essential oil was extracted from Elsholtiza bodinieri Vaniot by solvent-free microwave extraction.The effects of material liquid ratio,soaking time,extraction time and microwave power on the yield of Elsholtiza bodinieri Vaniot essential oil were tested and studied.Based the obtained single factor experiment data and by using orthogonal test method,the solvent-free microwave extraction process for the Elsholtiza bodinieri Vaniot essential oil was optimized.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was used to analyze the chemical constituents of the essential oil.The results indicated that the optimum extraction condition was that:material liquid ratio 1∶6(volume ratio),soaking time 2 h,extraction time 60 min, microwave power 600 W, the yield of Elsholtiza bodinieri Vaniot essential oil was 0.096 mL/50 g. The chemical components were analyzed by GC-MS, and 43 peaks were separated and identified. The test results showed that the main component of the essential oil of Elsholtiza bodinieri Vaniot was terpinyl acetate, and its relative content was 56.25 %, followed by geranyl propionate(6.8 %),palmitic acid(4.95 %),paracetamol(4.83 %),caryophyllene oxide(4.41 %), ccetic acid (Z) -5-lanolin alcohol (3.28 %),alpha-terpineol (2.91 %), (S)-(+)-5-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-2-methyl-cyclohexene-1 ketone (1.18 %), terpineol (1.14 %) and trimethyl (1.1 %)。