益母草黄酮类成分的分离与鉴定

目的对益母草(Leonurus japonicus Houtt)的化学成分进行研究,为进一步开发利用该植物资源提供依据。方法采用正相硅胶、反相ODS、Sephadex LH-20等柱色谱法及高效液相色谱法等进行分离纯化,并通过理化性质及光谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果从益母草体积分数50%的乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了10个黄酮类成分,分别为槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(1)、金丝桃苷(2)、槲皮素-3-O-芸香糖苷(3)、槲皮素-3-O-刺槐糖苷(4)、2-syringylrutin(5)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(7)、山柰酚-3-O-β-刺槐双糖苷(8)、kaempferol 3-neohesperidoside(9)和apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(10)。结论化合物4、8为首次从该种植物中分离得到,化合物6、7和9为首次从益母草属植物中分离得到。

Isolation and identification of constituents from Leonurus japonicus

Leonurus japonicus Houtt belongs to the family of Lamiaceae. The dried aboveground part of it is collected in summer when the plant is growing rapidly but has not bloomed. It is officially listed in the Chi- nese Pharmacopoeia. Several metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and other compounds have been isola- ted from this plant. During the course of the characterization studies on the constituents from the aboveground part of it, ten flavonoids, named quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（ 1 ）, hyperoside （2）, quer- cetin-3-O-rutinoside （ 3 ）, quercetin-3-O-robinoside （ 4 ）, 2＂-syringylrutin （ 5 ）, kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopy- ranoside （ 6 ）, kaempferol-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside （ 7 ）, kaempferol-3-O-β-robinobinoside （ 8 ）, kaempferol 3-neohesperidoside （ 9 ）, and apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside （ 10 ） were obtained by using chromatogra- phies such as silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 and HPLC and were identified by the chemical and physical methods ,especially spectral analysis. Among them,4 and 8 have been obtained from the Leonurus japonicus for the first time. Compounds 6,7 and 9 have been obtained from Leonurus genus for the first time.