基于性别二分类的青海天峻藏民肠道菌群差异分析

目的 对青海省天峻县的藏族牧民健康志愿者肠道菌群进行研究，探讨青海藏民肠道菌群结构及性别对肠道菌群组成的影响。方法 以28例藏族牧民志愿者的粪便样品作为研究对象，应用基于16S rDNA V3+V4可变区的高通量测序技术测定肠道菌群组成及核心菌群；通过db-RDA和菌群多样性分析，探索性别因素对肠道菌群结构的影响。结果 在门水平上，厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门是青海藏族志愿者的优势菌群。在属水平上，优势菌属是普氏菌属、Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis、Faecalibacterium和拟杆菌属；特有优势菌属是Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis。db-RDA结果显示性别因素对肠道微生物群结构有一定分离趋势，多样性结果进一步证实性别差异显著影响菌群结构。男性和女性存在12种差异菌群，包括普氏菌属、Acidaminobacter属等。结论 性别差异对青海藏民肠道菌群影响显著。

Difference analysis on gut microbiota of Qinghai Tianjun Tibetans based on gender dichotomy

Abstract: Objective To study the gut microbiota of healthy volunteer Tibetan herdsmen in Tianjun, Qinghai, and explore the effects of gender on the composition of gut microbiota in Qinghai Tibetans. Methods The fecal samples of 28 volunteer Tibetan herdsmen were used as the research object. The high-throughput sequencing technology based on 16S rDNA V3+V4 variable regions was used to determine the composition of gut microbiota and core microbiota; db-RDA and bacteria diversity analysis were conducted to explore the effects of gender factors on gut microbiota structure. Results Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla of Tibetan volunteers in Qinghai. At the genus level, the dominant genera were Prevotella, Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis, Faecalibacterium and Bacteroides. The endemic dominant genus was Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis. The db-RDA results showed that gender factors resulted in a certain separative tendency in gut microbiota structure, and the diversity analysis results further confirmed that gender difference significantly affected the bacteria structure. There were differences in 12 bacteria between males and females, including the genera Prevotella and Acidaminobacter etc. Conclusion Gender difference has significant effects on the gut microbiota of Tibetans in Qinghai.