人参白虎汤证发热大鼠模型的实验研究*

目的采用大黄芒硝汤结合腹腔注射大肠杆菌内毒素(Lipopolysaccharides，LPS)复制发热模型，并对其免疫功能进行评价，为研究人参白虎汤解热机理提供发热动物模型。方法 将Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为灌胃 0、1、3、5、7 d 组，分别使用大黄芒硝汤给予0、1、3、5、7 d的灌胃，末次灌胃后腹腔注射LPS。观察并记录大鼠的粪便状态与体温变化情况，检测粪便含水量、脾脏指数，并对血液样本进行血细胞计数，评价不同天数的大黄芒硝灌胃所致腹泻及对经LPS诱导发热的大鼠的体温、粪便含水量、脾脏指数以及血细胞数目的影响。结果 与灌胃0 d组比较，灌胃1、3、5、7 d组大鼠粪便含水量升高；且血液中白细胞和中性粒细胞数增多，淋巴细胞数降低；另外脾脏指数也有所降低。其中灌胃5 d组的白细胞与中性粒细胞数与灌胃0、1、3、7 d组相比有显著增多，且灌胃5 d组模型升温最早，体温极值最大。结论 灌胃苦寒性泻下中药大黄芒硝汤再结合腹腔注射化学药物LPS可成功建立符合人参白虎汤证的体虚高热模型，模型大鼠的体温、粪便含水量及免疫功能与大黄芒硝的灌胃天数密切相关；其中以灌胃5 d组所建立的腹泻发热大鼠模型为佳，该模型可用于人参白虎汤解热机理的研究。

Study on Fever Rat Model in the Syndrome of Ginseng Baihu Decoction

Objective To provide a fever animal model for the study on the antipyretic mechanism of Ginseng Baihu decoction through replicating the fever model by using Rheum officinale and mirabilite decoction combined with intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and evaluating its immune function. Methods Wistar male rats were randomly divided into 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 d gavage groups. They were respectively given Rheum officinale and mirabilite decoction by gastric irrigation for 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 d, and intraperitoneal injection of LPS was performed after the last time of administration by gastric irrigation. The feces state and body temperature changes of rats were observed and recorded. The fecal water content, spleen index, and blood cell count of blood samples were detected. Its objective is to analyze the impact of different days of Rheum officinale and mirabilite decoction given by gavage on the body temperature, feces moisture content, spleen index and blood cell number of rats induced by LPS. Results Compared with the 0 d group, the water content of the feces in the rats in the 1, 3, 5 and 7 d groups were increased, the number of leukocytes and neutrophils increased and the number of lymphocytes decreased, and the spleen index decreased. The number of leukocytes and neutrophils in the 5 d group were significantly increased compared with the 0, 1, 3, 7 d groups. The model of the 5 d group warmed up earliest, and its body temperature was the largest. Conclusion The traditional Chinese medicine Rheum officinale and mirabilite decoction combined with intraperitoneal injection of LPS can successfully establish a model of physical weakness and fever in accordance with the syndrome of Ginseng Baihu decoction. The body temperature, fecal water content and immune function of the model rats were closely related with the days of gastrointestinal administration of Rheum officinale and mirabilite decoction. Among them, the diarrhea and fever model of rat established by 5 d gavage is the best, and the model can be used for the study on the mechanism of antipyretic of Ginseng Baihu decoction.