干骺端潜行截骨延长术矫正肢体短肢畸形

目的　介绍一种新的治疗肢体短肢畸形手术方法。方法　 1985年 3月～ 2 0 0 0年 10月 ,应用自行研制的“针锯”和“多平面双轨多功能延长器”对 2 88例下肢不等长患者的肢体 ,采用干骺端潜行截骨延长方法进行延长 ,矫正短肢畸形。男 16 1例 ,女 12 7例。年龄 12～ 2 9岁 ,平均 2 1.3岁。其中延长胫骨上干骺端 2 6 8例 ,股骨下干骺端 16例 ,胫骨下干骺端 4例。结果　 2 88例肢体分别延长 3.0～ 11.5 cm,延长时间 2 4～ 96天 ,平均 4 7天。全部短缩肢体获得预期延长度。延长第 2周 ,延长间隙中有骨痂形成和骨膜反应 ,6～ 8个月延长骨与断端完全达骨性结合。全部患者均未发生神经、血管损伤及骨不连等并发症。经 5个月～ 8年随访 ,延长处均骨性愈合 ,膝、踝关节功能恢复满意。结论　下肢干骺端潜行截骨延长方法安全可靠 ,无骨不连 ,骨萎缩等并发症 ,术后不需要作内固定和植骨 ,是肢体延长的理想方法

SURGICAL APPROACH IN PLASTIC OF SHORTENED LOWER LIMB

Objective To introduce a new surgical approach to rectify the shortened lower limbs. Methods From March 1985 to October 2000, 288 cases of shortened lower limbs were treated and reviewed. Closed fracture at the metaphysis was made by a self made "needle saw", and then the "multiple plane and double track elongation instrument" was adopted to elongate the fractured bone. There were totally 161 cases of male and 127 cases of female included, with average age 21.3 years old, ranging from 12 to 29 years old, among which there were 268 cases elongated at the proximal metaphysis of the tibia, 16 cases at the distal femur and 4 cases at the distal tibia. All of the cases were followed up for 6 to 8 months before clinical evaluation. Results The lower limbs in 288 cases were elongated for 3.0 to 11.5 cm in 24 to 96 days, averaging 47 days, which fulfilled pre operative plan. In the second week after the operation, new calculus and periosteum formed obviously in the gap between the fractured parts, and in 6 to 8 months bone union was observed at the fractured site in all cases. There was no nerve or blood vessel injury, or non union of the metaphysis fracture. The function of the manipulated knee joints and ankle joints recovered well. Conclusion It is a practical and safe surgical option to rectify the shortened lower limbs by closed fracture at the metaphysis, followed by elongation of the fractured bone, without any complication such as non union or atrophy of manipulated bone, and with no need of internal fixation or bone grafting.