步枪弹对带软硬复合防护明胶靶标的侵彻机制研究

为研究步枪弹对带软硬复合防护明胶靶标的侵彻机制，采用有限元分析软件ANSYS/ LS-DYNA建立步枪弹侵彻复合靶标的数值模型。通过该模型模拟了侵彻过程中的钝性冲击现象和明胶瞬态响应，并进行了试验验证。研究结果表明：步枪弹侵彻陶瓷板过程中消耗了弹头大部分能量；明胶内瞬时空腔呈现椭球形基本形态，空腔最大凹陷深度和膨胀速度分别为25.6 mm和35.7 m/s；压力波在明胶内以球面波形式向外传播，在弹着点处峰值压力最大，且压力幅值随着传播距离的增大而不断减小；弹头速度先有一段明显的下降过程，而加速度绝对值则先增大，随后它们都逐渐衰减至0 m/s和0 m/s²；陶瓷板的破坏主要是由拉应力和压应力的反复作用造成的；数值计算结果与试验结果的一致性较好，验证了数值模拟模型的准确性。

Investigation into the Penetrating Mechanism of Rifle Bullet against the Gelatin Target with Soft/hard Composite Armor

In order to investigate the penetrating mechanism of a rifle bullet against the gelatin target with soft/hard composite armor in detail, a numerical model is established by using finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. The blunt impact phenomena during penetrating process and the transient response of gelatin and simulated using the proposed model, and are validated by experiment. The investigation results show that the kinetic energy of rifle bullet is mostly dissipated during the process of penetrating a ceramic plate. The temporary cavity in the gelatin presents in the basic form of ellipsoid, and the maximum depth and expansion velocity of cavity are 25.6 mm and 35.7 m/s, respectively. The pressure wave propagates in gelatin in the form of spherical wave with the largest peak pressure at the impact location, and the pressure amplitude decreases with the increase in travelling distance. The velocity of rifle bullet decreases firstly while the absolute value of acceleration increases, and then they both gradually attenuate to 0. The failure of ceramic plate is mainly caused by the interaction of the compressive and tensile stresses. The numerical results are coincided with the experimental results.