外来玉米种质的抗病、抗逆性选育

摘要：针对我国玉米种质遗传基础狭窄，缺少优良抗性种质资源的问题，利用外引温热带玉米种质改良国内种质的方法，即鉴定并发掘外引玉米种质的优良抗病、抗逆基因，通过与国内骨干系杂交或组建抗病、抗逆群体后，鉴别筛选出含抗病、抗逆基因的材料回交纯合，最终选育出新的自交系用于我国杂交种的培育，从而提高国内玉米的抗病性和抗逆性，并利用外来种质的优良抗逆基因选育出特早熟玉米新品种植9831。

Breeding for resistance of exotic maize

In order to improve the narrow germplasm base in Chinese germplasms and shortage of fine germplasm resources in maize breeding of China and breed out new self-bred lines with higher disease resistance and stress resistance. 500 maize germplasms were imported for broadening genetic diversity in maize breeding and improving the disaese and stress resistance. Their resistance for different diseases were evaluated in field trials. There were 25, 10, 2, 1, 2 germplasms showed high resistance to rust disease, Northern leaf blight, ear rot, Southern leaf blight and maize grey leaf spot respectively. Five germplasms with early maturity character were identified. 8 germplasms have been tagged with different resistant genes to Northern leaf blight and twenty-five germplasm been tagged with different resistant genes to rust diseas. 35 self-bred lines with disease and stress resistance were developed and a new cultivar Zhi 9831 with early maturity character was released by crossing with the Chinese main inbreds, disease and stress resistance evaluation and backcrossed.