Structure of the human CLC-7/Ostm1 complex reveals a novel state

CLC-7 functions as a Cl?/H+ exchanger in lysosomes. Defects in CLC-7 and its β-subunit, Ostm1, result in osteopetrosis and neurodegeneration. Here, we present the cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the human CLC-7/Ostm1 complex (HsCLC-7/Ostm1) at a resolution of 3.6 ?. Our structure reveals a new state of the CLC-7/Ostm1 heterotetramer, in which the cytoplasmic domain of CLC-7 is absent, likely due to high flexibility. The disordered cytoplasmic domain is probably not able to restrain CLC-7 subunits and thus allow their relative movements. The movements result in an approximately half smaller interface between the CLC-7 transmembrane domains than that in a previously reported CLC-7/Ostm1 structure with a well-folded cytoplasmic domain. Key interactions involving multiple osteopetrosis-related residues are affected by the interface change.     

Development of the CAS-IBB single-particle microbeam for localized irradiation of living cells

A single-particle microbeam facility has been constructed at the Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering (LIBB), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The system was designed to deliver a defined numbers of hydrogen ions, produced by a van de Graaff accelerator, in an energy range of 2.0-3.0 MeV, into an area smaller than that of the nucleus of an individual living cell. The beam is collimated by a borosilicate glass capillary that forms the beam-line exit. An integrated computer program recognizes the cells and locates them one by one over the microbeam exit for irradiation. We present technical details of the CAS-LIBB microbeam facility, particularly on the collimator, hardware, control program, as well as cell irradiation protocols available. Various factors contributing to the targeting and positioning precision are discussed along with accuracy measurement results.     

偶偶Cd同位素核的负宇称带研究

作者将具有正宇称的gds轨道空间扩大到包含具有负宇称的1h11/2轨道，采用修正的表面δ相互作用（MSDI），对^106Cd和^108Cd两个偶偶核作了形变Hatree-Fock(HF)计算，得到了基态和一些激发态的解，同时，还用近似角动量投影形变Hartree-Fock(PDHF)方法，对^106Cd和^108Cd进行了能谱计算，得到其正、负宇称带的解，计算结果与实验谱基本一致。     

低频Alfven波与等离子体的非共振相互作用

采用单粒子模型,对两支左旋极化低频Alfven波与等离子体的非共振相互作用进行粒子模拟,讨论了三种不同波幅时垂直与平行方向的加热效果,在非共振加热阶段,加热效果与波幅有关,波幅越大效果越好;而经过随机加热后,粒子动力学温度的最大值仅由外加磁场的能量密度与等离子体密度的比值决定与Alfven波幅无关．加热过程中,离子被加速最终获得一个相当于Alfven波相速度大小的流速．     

单颗粒杂质位置与圆盘试件单轴劈裂抗拉强度相关性研究

运用PFC3D颗粒流模型对单颗粒杂质位置与圆盘试件单轴劈裂抗拉强度的相关性进行了研究。对比分析了均质与含单颗粒杂质圆盘在巴西试验过程中的应力状态及破坏形态,揭示了杂质颗粒位置的不同对巴西圆盘抗拉强度实验结果的影响规律。结果表明,杂质颗粒可使抗拉强度减小,杂质颗粒位于加压轴线垂直方向的直径上时,距圆盘中心水平距离越近,对抗拉强度影响越大;杂质颗粒位于加压轴线上时,距圆盘中心距离越远,对抗拉强度的影响越大;杂质颗粒所处位置不同会导致试件发生不同形态特征的破坏。通过多次含有杂质圆盘单轴抗拉实验结果综合分析,得出了含杂质圆盘单轴抗拉强度实验结果的修正系数公式。     

Development of the CAS-LIBB single-particlemicrobeam for localizedirradiation of living cells

The use of microirradiation techniques in radiationbiology dates back to the work of Zirkle and his col-leagues in 1950’s[1,2]. However, biological effects of arandom single particle traversal in living materials re-mained highly unknown since they could not be simulatedby conventional broad-field radiation exposures. In recentyears, there has been a resurgence of interest in sin-gle-particle/single-cell microbeams[3—12]. The biologicalinterest in the single-particle microbeam stems from the…     

未知单量子态的传输

提出了利用三粒子纠缠W态作为量子信道,通过POVM测量来实现未知单量子态的控制传输方案;未知单量子态的控制传输还可以通过引入辅助粒子和适当的幺正变换来实现.     

深圳市冬季黑碳气溶胶的粒径分布和混合态特征

黑碳(BC)气溶胶的气候效应和环境效应是当今科学界的研究热点. BC 气溶胶的粒径分布及混合态对其光吸收和其他理化性质有很大影响, 但是受仪器分析技术的限制, 目前国内外均鲜有对单个BC 粒子大小及混合态连续观测的研究. 本研究利用新型的单颗粒黑碳光度计(SP2), 对2009 年1~2 月深圳市BC 气溶胶的质量浓度、粒径分布及单颗粒混合态进行连续在线观测. 结果表明: 观测期间BC浓度均值为6.24 μg/m³; 其质量粒径分布呈单峰型, 峰值位于211 nm; 内混态BC(127~264 nm 粒径段内)质量比例为32.4%. 内混态BC 比例随粒径变化趋势与表面积浓度的粒径分布趋势相似, 说明内混态BC 形成与大气中的气-固转化过程密切相关. 外混态BC 浓度与NO_x 高度相关, 并随大气边界层高度变化而呈现白天低、夜间高, 这些特征都说明外混态BC 与本地机动车等燃烧源的新鲜排放密切相关; 内混态BC 浓度的日变化相对平缓, 指示出其来自区域传输的特征. 反向轨迹分析也表明, 内混态BC 比例与气团老化程度有显著的对应关系. 本研究有助于深入认识我国大气BC 气溶胶污染的本质及来源特征, 并为准确评估BC 气溶胶在辐射强迫和气候变化中的作用提供关键的支撑数据.     

Single-particle 3D reconstruction on specialized stream architecture and comparison with GPGPUs

The wide acceptance and data deluge in medical imaging processing require faster and more efficient systems to be built.Due to the advances in heterogeneous architectures recently,there has been a resurgence in the first research aimed at FPGA-based as well as GPGPU-based accelerator design.This paper quantitatively analyzes the workload,computational intensity and memory performance of a single-particle 3D reconstruction application,called EMAN,and parallelizes it on CU-DA GPGPU architectures and decouples the memory operations from the computing flow and orches-trates the thread-data mapping to reduce the overhead of off-chip memory operations.Then it exploits the trend towards FPGA-based accelerator design,which is achieved by offloading computingintensive kernels to dedicated hardware modules.Furthermore,a customized memory subsystem is also designed to facilitate the decoupling and optimization of computing dominated data access patterns.This paper evaluates the proposed accelerator design strategies by comparing it with a parallelized program on a 4-cores CPU.The CUDA version on a GTX480 shows a speedup of about 6 times.The performance of the stream architecture implemented on a Xilinx Virtex LX330 FPGA is justified by the reported speedup of 2.54 times.Meanwhile,measured in terms of power efficiency,the FPGA-based accelerator outperforms a 4-cores CPU and a GTX480 by 7.3 times and 3.4 times,respectively.     

关于纳米尺度体系中单粒子分布函数的一些严格结果

利用变分原理,首先证明在零温下,量子点系统和超导小颗粒系统的单粒子分布函数对于单粒子能量是非增的。然后利用Klein不等式证明,在非零温下,这一结论仍然正确。这些结果明确地显示,这一分布函数随单粒子能量的非增行为是由这些纳米系统的量子稳定性条件决定的。