Phenological studies of selected savanna mosses of south-western Nigeria

It was established that there is little diversity of bryophytes in the derived savanna. Mosses were found in the sampling sites, whereas liverworts were rarely observed. The reproductive methods of four dominant sexually reproducing savanna mosses —Archidium ohioense, Bryum coronatum, Fissidens minutifolius andTrachycarpidium tisserantii were monitored over two consecutive rainy seasons. Protonemal and gametophyte production were noticed in the field in March/April, and capsule dehiscence and spore dispersal occurred in September/October. The sequential stages of development, starting with gametangial production and ending with the falling of the dehisced capsules, occurred within the rainy season. However,A. ohioense andT. tisserantii did not discharge their spores easily (cleistocarpous), unlike the stegocarpous speciesB. coronatum andF. minutifolius. Water availability and possibly high humidity may have contributed to growth. The short period between sex organ formation and dehiscence of capsule seen in these studies, compared with the longer period in some temperate mosses, may be an advantage for bryophytes in a savanna environment.     

特殊气候条件下水泥混凝土路面施工质量控制

从雨季施工，高温季节和低温季节施工以及施工质量检测等方面，论述了水泥混凝土路面在特殊气候条件下的施工质量控制方法及应注意的事项。     

基于CMIP6集合优化数据集的全球陆地极端气候变化预估

预估极端气候事件趋势能够降低其引起的灾害风险.该文基于CMIP6集合优化数据集EPTGODD-WHU,选取5个极端气候指数,即最高气温极大值(TXx)、最高气温极小值(TXn)、最低气温极大值(TNx)、最低气温极小值(TNn)和最大月降水量(PXx),并结合GIS分析手段,对2021—2100年SSP1-2.6、SSP2-4.5和SSP5-8.5情景下的全球陆地极端气温及降水进行预估.结果表明：1)相较于CMIP单一模式,EPTGODD-WHU数据集模拟性能显著提升,气温及降水的空间相关系数分别达到0.99和0.81.2) SSP5-8.5情景下,年最低气温和最高气温均上升明显,且这种上升趋势年内波动不大,地球陆地极寒地区将面临升温的风险,而赤道等极热地区将处于年内长时间酷热状态.3)六大洲在SSP5-8.5情景下的极端降水整体上升趋势最剧烈,但北美洲密西西比平原和滨海平原的地区在SSP5-8.5情景下在未来面临较高的旱灾风险.4)中国西南部地区的极端降水在三个情景下均呈稳定的增幅,且增幅高达60%,预示面临较高的洪灾风险.     

新疆棉花生产农业气候资源及生产潜力评价

本文通过对新疆主要棉区的气候资源的分析,并与全国各主要棉区进行对比的结果表明,新疆各棉区的光资源优于内地棉区,光温潜力高,增产指数在１００％－１５０％以上。但光热资源年际间变化大,个别年份尚显不足,加之其它因素的影响,造成产量不稳定,难以发挥其光热资源潜力。     

中国小冰期区域气候演化研究

在我国不同地区通过不同代用资料如冰芯、树轮、孢粉、湖泊沉积物、历史文献记录等恢复的小冰期气候的基础上, 分析总结了小冰期我国气候演化的区域分异特征,并探讨其原因机制,力图为未来气候变化提供参考。     

Temperature variations on the Tibetan Plateau over the last two millennia

The paleoclimate data recovered from ice cores,tree rings and lake sediments indicate regional features of cfimatic change on the Tibeta n Plateau (TP) during the last 2000 years. The composite temperature reconstructions in-dicate that several main climatic episodes, such as the “LittleIce Age“ between 1400 and 1900, the “Medieval Warm Pe-riod“ in 1150-1400, a less warm period in 800-1100, and an earlier cold period between the 3rd and 5th centuries,occurred in the TP. In addition, temperature varied from region to region. The period from AD 800 to 1100, which waswarm in northeastern TP, was contemporaneous with cool-ing in the western and southern TP. The southern TP ex-perienced warming between 1150 and 1400. For western TP,the δ^18O records of the Guliya ice core indicate that the pe-Hod 1250-1500 witnessed a clear warming. Large-scaletrends in the temperature history from northeastern TP aremore similar to those in eastern China than are the trendsfrom the Guliya ice cap far to the west and southern TP. The most prominent similarities between the temperature varia-tions of the TP and eastern China are such cold phases as 1100-1150, 1500-1550, 1650-1700 and 1800-1850, andthe latter three cold events match with three widespreadg lacial advances which occurred on the TP during the Little Ice A2e.     

上海城市人为灾害与复合生态环境因子的灰色关联分析

城市人为灾害是个灰色系统．应用灰色系统理论，对上海城市人为灾害及其高发区与复合生态环境因子的关系，作灰色关联分析和加权关联分析．结论表明：城市人口文化素质对人为灾害影响程度最大，人口密度的影响程度次之，再依次有影响程度的为：道路干道密度、公共管线状况、房屋占地比率、绿被率等．这一结论对城市人为灾害的深入探索和研究，以及防灾减灾具有重要价值和意义．     

气候变化与宝鸡市粮食产量关系初探

气候变化对生态环境和农业生产有着显著的影响，利用宝鸡市１２个气象站的温度和降水资料、根据部分经验公式推导出计算粮食产量相对变率的公式，并计算了当年平均气温变化、℃、２℃、３℃，年平均降水量变化１０％、２０％、３０％的情况下的粮食产量的相对值。     

试论厄尼诺与山东降水作物产量的关系

厄尼诺现象使山东夏季降水偏少，强度越大，干旱越重，用降水与分离的气候产量进行回归分析的到需水量，进而评价其满足程度。厄尼诺强年所有作物减产，弱年与发生时间有关。