局部复发性直肠癌的再手术治疗

探讨局部复发性直肠癌(直肠癌根治术后)再次手术的价值、方法、回顾性分析再手术治疗的局部复发性直肠癌33例.结果:21例行根治术,12例行姑息性手术.根治术组和姑息性手术组中位生存期分别为35.2个月(8～82个月)、13个月(2～23个月),再手术5年生存率为34.8%.结论:对于局部复发性直肠癌仍应积极手术,有助于延长生存期,提高生存质量.     

癌痛及其处理对癌症患者生存质量的影响

目的 :探讨癌痛及其处理对癌症患者生存质量的影响。方法 :对 4 8例癌痛患者采用线段分级法(VAS)和 KPS评分法于治疗前后进行评估。结果 :无论是轻度、中度还是重度疼痛 ,均严重影响患者的日常生活、情绪、行走能力、工作、睡眠 ,且随着疼痛程度的加重 ,影响也逐渐加深 ;经三阶梯止痛法治疗后生存质量明显提高 ,治疗前后比较有显著的差异 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :疼痛是影响癌症患者生存质量的一个重要因素 ,对癌痛患者应给予必要的止痛治疗 ,以提高患者的生存质量     

Frequent mtDNA mutations and its role in gastric carcinogenesis

In order to disclose the relationship between mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and gastric carcinogenesis, we screened the entire mtDNA sequence in 30 cases of human gastric cancer and matched normal tissues by using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and DNA sequencing. Our data showed that high frequency (66.7%, 20/30) of mitochondrial genome mutation occurred in gastric cancer. Among these variants, 17 cases (56.7%, 17/30) were identified to be somatic mutation. High level mutant frequency was found in ND4, ND5 coding genes and D-loop control region, which was 36.7%, 26.7% and 30% respectively. Comparing with complexes Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴof the electron transport chain, we found that variants appeared to be more frequent in the subunit genes of complexⅠ. Most of mutations were base substitutions (85.4%, 41/48). Our results suggested that mutations of subunit genes encoding complexⅠ, especially ND3, ND4 and ND5 genes, might contribute to human gastric carcinogenesis.     

孕激素相关子宫内膜蛋白在胃癌早期诊断、预后中的作用

为使用生物信息学系统分析孕激素相关子宫内膜蛋白(Progestagen-associated endometrial protein, PAEP)在胃癌中的早期诊断和预后预测性能及免疫浸润相关性,该研究构建预测模型ROC曲线和偏差校正曲线检验其性能准确性,并通过细胞实验进一步验证分析结果.生信分析结果显示,与正常组织相比,胃癌组织中PAEP的表达较高,在早期（T1期、N0期、M0期）即有统计学意义（P＜0.001）,且诊断胃癌的准确性较高（ROC曲线下面积为0.889）;PAEP高表达的胃癌患者预后较差（P≤0.001）;TNM分期越晚,年龄越大,PAEP表达越高,胃癌患者生存概率越低,偏差校正曲线接近理想曲线（45°线）,显示预测结果良好;PAEP的表达与胃癌中的中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞的浸润水平呈正相关趋势,与B细胞、中央记忆型T细胞、T细胞呈显著的负相关趋势.qRT-PCR和Western blot结果显示,HGC-27、BGC-823、MKN-45、SGC-7901和AGS细胞中PAEP基因转录水平和蛋白表达水平均显著高于GES-1. 结果表明了PAEP 蛋白可用于胃癌诊断和预后的生物标志物,并进行了实验验证,其机制与免疫有关.     

运动与防癌

在癌发生的诱发阶段和促进阶段均有自由基参与,多数诱癌因素和促癌因素可通过自由基介导癌变过程．适量的运动可以降低自由基水平,坚持运动有助于防癌．     

美施康定对癌症疼痛的镇痛效果

本组５４例重度癌痛晚期病人,给予口服美施康定３０～９０ｍｇ每１２ｈ一次治疗,有效率达９６３％（５２／５４）,完全缓解率达８７％（４７／５４）,主要副作用为便秘、恶心、呕吐、嗜睡等     

硒水平对食管癌发病率影响的初步研究

对比研究显示食管癌高发区磁县土壤,粮食,水和正常人发硒的质量分数「分别为０．４２＊１０＾－９,０．０８＊１０＾－９,１．２４＊１０＾－９,１．１６＊１０＾－６」最高,中发区临漳县次之「分别为０．１７４＊１０＾－９,０．０４９＊１０＾－９,０．６８＊１０＾－９,０．９７＊１０＾－６」,低发区魏县最低「分别为０．１４８＊１０＾－９,０．０２６＊１０＾－９,０．２４＊１０＾－９,０．９１＊１０＾－６」,     

羟基喜树碱诱导肺癌细胞凋亡的实验研究

通过设计不同浓度的羟基喜树碱（HCPT）处理体外培养的肺癌细胞,采用形态学与生化特征的观察及流式细胞仪进行检测.实验结果显示：羟基喜树碱（HCPT）能诱导肺癌细胞发生凋亡,且这种凋亡的作用与HCPT的浓度和作用时间有关.     

Diagnosis of prostate cancer by quantitative analysis of 3DMRSI data: A new model

Three-dimensional magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (3DMRSI) is helpful to identify prostate cancer (PC)from benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and to show the distribution of tumor infiltration. Combined with the (Cho + Cre)/Cit ratio, the z-score model can effectively discriminate prostate cancer from stromal benign prostate hyperplasia (sBPH) and detect small malignant lesions (SML).     

Mechanical Studies on Treatment of Malignant Tumour by Ultralow Frequency Pulsed-Gradient Magnetic Fields

Ultralow frequency (ULF) pulsed-gradient magnetic field (with the maximum intensity of 0.6-2.0 T, gradient of 10-100 T·m-1, pulse width of 20-200 ms and frequency of 0. 16-1. 34 Hz) treatment of mice can inhibit murine malignant tumour growth and can induce apoptosis of cancer cell. The apoptotic cancer cell contracted, became rounder and divorced from adjacent cells; the heterochromatin condensed and coagulated together along the inner side of the nuclear membrane; the endoplasmic reticulums expanded and fused with the cellular membrane; many apoptotic bodies which were packed by the cellular membrane appeared and were devoured by some lymphocytes and plasma. By Lorentz force the magnetic field keeps the moving ions within bounds of Larmor radius. Thus, penetrating capability of the positive and negative ions through the cell membrane was affected, even the role on the cell membrane formed.