冀东水厂麻粒岩中辉石的穆斯堡尔谱研究

水厂麻粒岩中辉石的穆斯堡尔效应研究表明，斜方辉石的谱图为两组四极双峰，分别由Ｍ＿１和Ｍ＿２位上的高自旋态Ｆｅ￣（２＋）产生，而单斜辉石则为三组四极双峰，其中两组较强的双峰分别由Ｍ＿１和Ｍ＿２位上的Ｆｅ￣（２＋）产生，第二组弱双峰是由四面体和八面体位置上的Ｆｅ￣（３＋）共同产生的。水厂麻粒岩中辉石的有序程度高，并且斜方辉石有序度大大高于单斜辉石，而单斜辉石Ｍ＿１、Ｍ＿２位置的畸变程度高于斜方辉石。在压力相同的条件下，Ｆｅ￣（２＋）的有序度具有明显地温度效应，高温有利于Ｆｅ￣（２＋）做有序分布。     

Y11B航空物探(电/磁)综合站西北找水初步成果

1997年9月23日～10月8日,在甘肃省安西—敦煌地区用Y11B航空物探(电/磁)综合站和GPS导航定位进行了地下水勘查试生产工作。用均匀大地模型,结合已知的水文地质资料,初步圈定了淡水区、过渡类型水区、咸水区和苦水区及泉水湖。所推断的水质和土壤含盐量与大的水文地质单元和1:20万水文地质普查报告都吻合得很好,且细节更为清楚。对差异较大的地方做了分析和解释。     

泰山北翼岩溶含水介质分布及地下水循环规律研究

为了深入认识济南岩溶泉水及地热水循环过程,本文以泰山北翼碳酸盐岩含水介质空间分布特征为研究出发点,分析其埋藏条件和连续性特征,并利用数理统计、空间插值、Piper三线图、概念模型等方法,结合水动力场、水化学场、水温度场和水年龄场“四场”分析,揭示区域地下水循环规律。结果表明：地表分水岭与齐广断裂、禹王山断裂、聊考断裂等深大断裂控制了泰山北翼地区岩溶含水介质空间展布,大致呈现由南向北埋藏深度逐渐增大的变化趋势,受马山断裂、东坞断裂、文祖断裂等次级断裂影响岩溶含水介质上下盘有不同错动,但东西展布仍具有较好连续性;区域地下水循环过程极其复杂,泰山岩群、寒武纪及奥陶纪各类含水岩组通过排泄 渗漏、断裂垂向径流、水平地下径流等形式发生水流交汇,并在山前局部地区与第四纪松散孔隙水产生水量交换,最终通过泉或人工开采形式排泄。区域地下水流具有统一的“四场”,并且呈现明显的水平与垂向分带特征,大致沿东阿断裂及其延长线—吴家堡—华山—章丘区—淄博磁村一线划分冷泉与地热水的分界线,以600 m、1000 m划分出浅、中、深循环深度分界线;冷泉以浅循环为主,中、深循环为辅,地下水矿化度、温度、年龄偏低,而地热水以中、深循环为主,浅循环为辅,地下水矿化度、温度、年龄偏大。不同含水介质水流具有一定内在关联,构成一个完整的岩溶水系统。     

Differential reproductive strategies of two bivalves in the Dutch Wadden Sea

Cerastoderma edule and Mya arenaria are two common bivalve species in European waters. Longevity and maximum size are much greater in the latter species. Because comparison of species life-history strategies states that a long life span (i.e. high annual survival) generally goes with lower fecundity, we hypothesise that reproductive output would be lower in M. arenaria than in C. edule. In the present paper, we studied the reproductive strategies of these two species in an intertidal and a subtidal area of the western Dutch Wadden Sea, by following seasonal changes in absolute and relative weights of somatic and gonadal tissues in these bivalves. Starting of spawning was similar in the two species, around May, except for intertidal M. arenaria, which initiated spawning in August. Individual energy investment in reproduction was similar for the two species but, unlike M. arenaria, C. edule spawned completely, releasing all energy of gonadal mass in the form of gametes. Mya arenaria used the gonad not only for reproduction but also for storage. In the intertidal area, we found a trade-off between longevity and reproduction, i.e. maximum reproductive output (expressed as a proportion of body mass) was higher in C. edule than in M. arenaria. However, since body size is larger and life span longer in M. arenaria than in C. edule, mean lifetime reproductive output per individual must be higher in the first than in the latter. Based on the differences in reproductive strategies of these two species, we hypothesise that the negative effects of warming climate on bivalve population dynamics in the Wadden Sea will be stronger in C. edule than in M. arenaria.     

Seasonal and interannual variability of phytoplankton pigment in the Laccadive (Lakshadweep) Sea as observed by the Coastal Zone Color scanner

Based on Coastal Zone Color Scanner data from November 1978 through December 1981, the seasonal cycle of phytoplankton pigment in the upper part of the euphotic zone is established for the offshore Laccadive Sea. Year-round, the pigment content is low and the seasonal range is small, following the pattern of the nutrient-poor Arabian Sea to the west. Apparently, indigenous phytoplankton blooms are absent. July and August, however, were poorly studied because of cloud cover. Interannual differences during the northeast monsoon and the spring intermonsoon periods are minor. The abundant phytoplankton caused by the upwelling off India during the southwest monsoon remains essentially restricted to the shelf, but there are occasional large, zonal outbreaks into the Laccadive Sea, as well as others advected to the south of India. Visual inspection of the raw CZCS scenes for June through November 1982–1985, with almost no data until August or even September, shows such outbreaks of pigment-rich water to be common. Inspection of monthly SeaWiFS images for 1997 through part of 2001 confirms the absence of indigenous phytoplankton blooms.     

传统星座的五帝座考证

中国传统星座中的紫微垣五帝内座和太微垣五帝座,都是古人为天上最高统治者天帝,在一年不同的五时处于不同方位处理政务而设的坐位。将五帝座作黄帝和四方之帝的坐位是“纬书”类的附会,与星座命名的本义相悖,由此造成不必要的混乱,一直延续至今,因此就有必要进行考证,给予澄清。     

青岛市崂山区地质灾害气象预报预警

本文基于地质灾害递进分析理论与方法，进行了崂山区地质灾害气象预报预警探讨。崂山区地质灾害及隐患点发育的类型主要是滑坡、崩塌和泥石流。据调查，区内地质灾害及隐患点83处，其中已发生灾害17处，新的灾害隐患66处。崂山区地质灾害基础因子主要是地形坡度、地质构造、地面高程、岩体、植被、水系和坡形，诱发因：于主要是大气降水、人类工程活动和地震。大气降水是变化频繁的敏感因子。通过分析崂山区日降水量、持续累计降水量与地质环境条件、地质灾害发生频率、发生时间的关系，结合国内其他地区的分析结论，初步选定崂山区地质灾害预报预警降水量临界值，在此基础上建立了崂山区地质灾害预报预警信息系统，并以图形和表格两种形式在网上对外发布成功。通过回访调查，预报基本准确，服务效果明显，在很大程度上减轻和避免了灾害损失，有效地保护了人民生命财产的安全，促进了经济、社会的持续、稳定、健康发展。     

东亚大气环流的低频振荡及与韵律的关系

本文根据北半球500hPa高度场30年(1951—1980)平均的逐候格点资料,对气候平均的东亚各主要大气环流系统的年内变化进行了谐波分析和天气学分析.结果表明,东亚大气环流系统存在着三种主要的大气低频波:年波、半年波和30—50天的季内波;中、高纬度的大气环流以年波振荡为主,低纬度的大气环流以半年波振荡为主;30—50天的季内波是北半球各纬度上都存在的一种波,但它对总方差的贡献在低纬比中、高纬度大.此外,还讨论了年波和半年波这两种大气低频波与我国长期预报中常用的各种韵律指标特别是隔季相关现象的关系.     

MM5三维变分系统在北京地区冷暖季背景场误差的对比分析

NMC方法是目前较广泛采用的一种对模式背景场误差协方差进行统计分析的一种方法。本文根据积累的2002年8月份和2003年2月份各一个月模式预报结果,采用NMC方法,计算了中尺度模式MM5V3在北京地区的冷暖季背景场误差,详细给出其气候统计特征。通过对比分析发现,背景场误差特征对于不同的模式变量、水平分辨率、垂直层各不相同,冷暖季背景场误差也有不同的特征,其差别主要表现在风场。这些特征与模式模拟区域的平均天气状况相对应,同化应该在各模式区域分别进行。MM5三维变分系统在北京地区的实际应用中,应发展根据实际季节变换背景场误差协方差矩阵的方法。