Knowledge-Based Virtual Modeling and Simulation of Manufacturing Processes for Industry 4.0

Abstract

Industry 4.0 aims at providing a digital representation of a production landscape, but the challenges in building, maintaining, optimizing, and evolving digital models in inter-organizational production chains have not been identified yet in a systematic manner. In this paper, various Industry 4.0 research and technical challenges are addressed, and their present scenario is discussed. Moreover, in this article, the novel concept of developing experience-based virtual models of engineering entities, process, and the factory is presented. These models of production units, processes, and procedures are accomplished by virtual engineering object (VEO), virtual engineering process (VEP), and virtual engineering factory (VEF), using the knowledge representation technique of Decisional DNA. This blend of the virtual and physical domains permits monitoring of systems and analysis of data to foresee problems before they occur, develop new opportunities, prevent downtime, and even plan for the future by using simulations. Furthermore, the proposed virtual model concept not only has the capability of Query Processing and Data Integration for Industrial Data but also real-time visualization of data stream processing.     

热镀锌板(卷)工程设计中的环境保护问题

对热镀锌板(卷)的生产工艺、主要生产设备进行了简要介绍，并就其污染源(工序)、生产过程中产生的污染物及其控制措施进行了评述，同时就设计和生产中宜注意的几个环保问题进行了分析。     

大坝安全监控专家系统中的知识处理

在介绍产生式规则及其数学模型的基础上，论述了用成熟的关系数据库 技术来表示和存储产生式规则表示的专家知识的方法，较好地解决了知识的存储和管理问题 。同时，利用关系数据库中实体间的关系，很容易将分散存储的规则元素组合成规则供推理 时使用。在分析了大坝安全监控专家系统知识特点的基础上举例说明了用关系数据库表 示产生式规则的具体方法。     

环境影响及计算机设备可靠性

和所有设备一样，计算机设备也是在一定环境中工作的，各种环境因素无时不对设备产生影响。要使计算机设备在各种环境中保持良好的性能，必须了解各种环境对计算机设备影响的机理和过程，分析在环境因素中那些因素是影响计算机设备的主要因素及其力度、频率、周期等，以便采取措施保护计算机设备正常工作。简要介绍除温度外，各种环境因素对计算机设备的影响。     

浅谈会计信息失真的成因及对策

阐述了会计信息失真的表现形式及其危害性，从会计自身、内控制度、外部审计、道德观念、执法等方面分析了会计信息失真的原因，并从完善法规制度、实行会计委派制、健全会计监督体系、加强立法和执法力度、更新观念、提高素质等方面提出了治理会计信息失真的办法，从根本上杜绝会计信息失真的现象。     

开工生产装置改扩建施工防火安全管理手段和举措

系统地分析了开工生产装置改扩建施工的特点及其火灾危险性,在此基础上提出了改扩建施工现场的防火安全管理手段和应采取的防火安全措施。     

条件概率关系数据库模型

现实世界中大量存在着的不确定性信息，关系数据库模型仅视它们为空值，有必要增强其处理这类信息的能力，文章在总结前人工作的基础上推广关系数据库模型，创建有效处理随机型不确定性信息的条件概念关系数据库模型，该模型通过在关系模式中增加一个条件概率测度属性，为每条记录指定适当的条件概率的途径，来表示不确定性信息。文中以对象码为基本工具，创建了条件概率关系结构；以特征函数为基本工具，定义了一套基于该结构的代数运算规则。条件概率的语意比概率的语意广泛，灵活，因而该模型能有效克服概率关系模型的许多不足。     

蒸发器泄漏原因分析及处理

对锦州石化分公司第三套催化裂化装置系统蒸发器泄漏原因进行了分析,并提出处理措施。收到较好的效果。     

"Interactive use of lexical information in speech perception": Correction to Connine and Clifton.

Reports an error in "Interactive use of lexical information in speech perception" by Cynthia M. Connine and Charles Clifton (Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1987[May], Vol 13[2], 291-299). In the aforementioned article, Figures 1 and 2 were inadvertently transposed. The figure on p. 294 is actually Figure 2, and the figure on p. 296 is actually Figure 1. The captions are correct as they stand. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1987-23984-001.) Two experiments are reported that demonstrate contextual effects on identification of speech voicing continua. Experiment 1 demonstrated the infuence of lexical knowledge on identification of ambiguous tokens from word–nonword and nonword–word continua. Reaction times for word and nonword responses showed a word advantage only for ambiguous stimulus tokens (at the category boundary); no word advantage was found for clear stimuli (at the continua endpoints). Experiment 2 demonstrated an effect of a postperceptual variable, monetary payoff, on nonword–nonword continua. Identification responses were influenced by monetary payoff, but reaction times for bias-consistent and bias-inconsistent responses did not differ at the category boundary. An advantage for bias-consistent responses was evident at the continua endpoints. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Introduction of a nonlinearity measure for principal component models

Although principal component analysis (PCA) is an important tool in standard multivariate data analysis, little interest has been devoted to assessing whether the underlying relationship within a given variable set can be described by a linear PCA model or whether nonlinear PCA must be utilized. This paper addresses this deficiency by introducing a nonlinearity measure for principal component models. The measure is based on the following two principles: (i) the range of recorded process operation is divided into smaller regions; and (ii) accuracy bounds are determined for the sum of the discarded eigenvalues. If this sum is within the accuracy bounds for each region, the process is assumed to be linear and vice versa. This procedure is automated through the use of cross-validation. Finally, the paper shows the utility of the new nonlinearity measure using two simulation studies and with data from an industrial melter process.