A novel adaptive deadbeat- based control for load frequency control of low inertia system in interconnected zones north and south of Scotland

An adaptive deadbeat (ADB) controller was developed to investigate its capability in providing a fast frequency response to an electrical power system. This controller was developed to meet the requirements of the National Grid System Operability Framework (SOF), which requires frequency to be accelerated in line with a fast rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) when a high rate of nonsynchronous machines are presented. The controller’s parameters were optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to ensure a robust operation and to maintain the proper operation of the power system. The design of the ADB controller was then integrated with the multiarea model of the north and south zones of Scotland. This model was developed in order to conform to the future energy requirements scenario stated by National Grid whereby regional control can be provided in both the north and south of Scotland. In comparison with the standard PI and Fuzzy-PI controllers used in the four highlighted case studies, it was shown that the ADB controller was able to significantly reduce the RoCoF and deviation of frequency when a sudden loss of generation occurred in a low inertia zone. The ADB also showed high robustness against a wide range of operating conditions.     

高比例可再生能源电力系统的快速频率响应市场发展与建议

随着非同步电源渗透率增加,电网的惯性逐步降低,扰动后电网的频率变化率变大,频率调控面临着巨大挑战.近年来,快速频率响应(FFR)的概念已被提出,并应用于一次调频之前,为一次调频响应争取时间,使低惯性系统在一次调频响应前不至于到达系统低频减载的频率阈值.文中从典型FFR资源、辅助服务产品设计、市场交易和应用实例等几方面总...     

新能源电力系统的共模频率分析及其特征量化

分析了功率阶跃后新能源电力系统的频率响应特性,提出了可量化系统共模频率(即频率响应的共模分量)特征的实用方法。首先,提出利用具有统一结构的传递函数模型来描述设备频率–有功功率响应的近似方法,在此基础上形成表征系统共模频率响应特性的简化传递函数模型。其次,基于系统的简化传递函数,获得了描述共模频率最低点和平均变化率等特征的解析表达式,并提出形式简单的"跌落深度系数"及"跌落坡度系数"这两个指标来量化频率的特征。最后,通过算例验证了所提出的频率特征量化方法的有效性。     

电网系统中基于频率变化率的孤岛效应检测

近年来,分布式发电迅速发展并成为电网的关键技术之一,然而也引发了孤岛效应等稳定性威胁。电网系统的运行状态监测,及时诊断孤岛效应等稳定性威胁,对维护系统稳定、电网管理策略研究具有重要意义。首先,提出了一种基于信号辨识的孤岛监测方案,以频率变化率(RoCoF)表征电力信号的频率波动剧烈程度,作为检测其孤岛、判断系统故障发生的重要依据。然后,分别利用正交锁相环(QPLL)以及插值离散傅里叶变换结合无迹卡尔曼滤波器(IDFT-UKF)的方法设计估计器,实时跟踪信号频率及其变化率。通过深入分析二者的特性与调解律,针对实际电网系统工况,设计鲁棒诊断策略,并通过仿真实验验证其有效性。