基于图像的铅笔画模拟绘制技术综述

铅笔画运用画笔在平面上表现出万物的形态、结构、色调、空间、位置、明暗,是造型艺术的基础,是科学、哲学、美学的世界。近年,随着计算机技术及软件技术的进步,铅笔画逐步走上了数字领域。从非真实感铅笔画绘制技术的研究现状出发,根据不同的分类方法分析目前铅笔画模拟绘制技术的优缺点,并对未来的研究方向进行展望。     

Support principles of NPR bolt/cable and control techniques of large-deformation disasters

Deep mining has been paid much more attention because of the depletion of shallow mining resources.Traditional bolts could be invalid to accommodate large displacement and deformation in geomaterials.Consequently, alternative support and reinforcement bolts need to be studied and their constitutive models also need to be developed to help understanding for the complex stress-strain responses of rock masses under loadings. The effect of Negative Poisson's Ratio(NPR) that is attributed to the swelling phenomenon along the lateral direction may appear in metal materials under tensional loadings. Thence NPR materials often have an advantage over NPR ones in mechanical behavior such as impact resistance, antishearing, and energy absorbed. From the characteristics of NPR materials, a series of bolt and cable supports with the effect of NPR and constant-resistance have been recently developed. We here firstly introduce the structural features of NPR support. Then the constitutive model of NPR support is presented and its corresponding equation of energy equilibrium. Its basic principle interacted on rock masses is further discussed. Finally, NPR cables are employed to support the slope of an open-pit mine. The applications show that NPR cables can ease failure within the slope and play an important role in predicting and providing early warning of slope failure, together with a monitoring system of slope stability.     

三维模型轮廓线探测技术的研究与实现

在计算机图形图象领域中，非真实感绘制(Non-photorealistic rendering，简称NPR)技术近几年逐渐成为人们研究的热点，利用非真实感绘制技术可以生成图象的艺术效果或卡通效果。本文介绍了探测三维模型轮廓线的一些理论和算法，在研究的基础上给出了一种综合探测轮廓线算法，试验效果良好。     

一种浓淡远近效果的3D水墨渲染算法

在美术作品研究中,提出一种对三维模型实现水墨效果的渲染方法,可以对水墨画中浓淡远近的绘画技法进行仿真。首先构建二维水墨纹理,然后利用模型的轮廓线信息控制纹理的水平分量映射,最后通过属性函数控制纹理垂直分量的坐标,调整水墨颜色色调。分别采用线性属性函数、二次属性函数以及加入光源因子的属性函数进行仿真。结果表明,在三维场景的水墨仿真中,利用上述方法可以使画面更具层次感,更符合画家的实际手法,为三维模型的水墨渲染提供了一种可行的技术手段。     

基于颜色层次矩阵的卡通着色技术

传统的卡通着色技术是基于纹理技术,通过表面属性与光线矢量的关系来确定表面像素色彩.从感知心理学非真实感绘制模型和卡通渲染过程入手,在对传统的卡通着色技术研究分析的基础上,提出了基于颜色层次矩阵的卡通着色技术.不依赖于纹理,而是通过操作颜色层次矩阵进行渲染,其优点是能够实现多层次卡通渲染并在不同的约束条件下,能够灵活快速地实现多种效果.通过与传统方法的比较,结果表明算法具有较高的有效性和灵活性,为计算机非真实感绘制继续进行艺术加工奠定了基础.     

水彩画风格实时增强现实技术

在传统的AR系统中,虚拟物体和真实场景在视觉上存在较为明显的差异,达不到虚拟物体和真实场景无缝结合的要求。将增强现实技术与NPR有机地结合起来,减小这种视觉差异,研究并实现了水彩画风格的增强现实系统。     

HFC网络回传通道设计分析及其关键技术

提出HFC网络回传通道设计的可靠性、开放性、扩展性和实用性原则 ,阐明这四大设计原则的准确含义 ,指明正、反向通道设计的异同。分析回传通道设计的 3项关键技术 :控制汇聚噪声 ,实施电平均衡 ,防止回传通道过激励而发生信道阻塞。     

近似完全重构DFT调制滤波器组的设计

提出了一种新的近似完全重构（NPR）离散傅立叶变换（DFT）调制滤波器组的原型滤波器设计方法。其优化的目标函数由滤波器组的输出混叠、输出失真及原型滤波器的阻带能量所导出。在此设计方法中,利用DFT调制滤波器组的特殊结构合理简化了滤波器组的输出混叠,输出失真。原型滤波器的设计最终被转化为一个简单的非线性优化问题。与目前的DFT调制滤波器组的设计方法相比,该方法提供了相当大的灵活性同时具有简单的优化描述。仿真结果证实了所提出的设计方法的有效性。     

Droplet: A virtual brush model to simulate Chinese calligraphy and painting

This paper proposes a virtual brush model based on droplet operation to simulate Chinese calligraphy and traditional Chinese painting in real time. Two ways of applying droplet model to virtual calligraphy and painting are discussed in detail The second droplet model is more elaborated and can produce more vivid results while being slightly more time-consuming. The novel feature of the proposed droplet virtual brush model successfully enables the simulation painting system to overcome the poor expressional ability of virtual brush based on particle system and avoids the complex evaluation of physical brush with solid model. The model, derived from the actual calligraphy and painting experience, due to the simplicity of the droplet operation and its powerful expressive ability, considerably improves the performance of the simulation system and maintains painting effect comparable with real brush by supporting special Chinese brush effect such as dry brush, feng and stroke diffusion.     

HFC双向网络回传通道的调试技术

文中给出回传通道调试的相关研究成果,介绍回传通道的前端信号处理、光纤链路调节、电缆分配网设置的方法,提出采用等效数字调制信号源、通过测试回传通道NPR性能评价回传通道质量的实用测试方法.