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1.
《Particulate Science and Technology》2007,25(1):77-89
The removal of particulate contamination is a critical issue for many manufacturing processes. It is particularly critical to the electronics industry in which small pieces of microscopic debris remaining after chemical mechanical planarization (cmp) using submicron polishing particles can cause device failure. One way to enhance particle removal following the cmp process is to utilize surfactants. Recent research has shown ways to model the effect of surfactants on enhanced particle removal. However, previous research has not demonstrated the effect of ionic strength on enhanced particle removal associated with surfactant use. Past research has also not shown the combined effects of ionic strength and surfactant concentration on enhanced particle removal using surfactants. This article summarizes the parameters affecting particle removal, and it provides data and analysis on the effect of ionic strength as well as the combined effects of ionic strength and surfactant concentration on particle removal following cmp processing. 相似文献
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本文介绍了一种实用的数据库设计方法,它以实体分析法为理论基础,通过对我们日常使用的表进行聚集和归类,完成数据库的逻辑设计,所设计的数据库满足BNOF范式。同时该方法可操作性较强,本文还介绍了自行设计的ERCM数据库辅助设计工具。 相似文献
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U. Reimer
H. -J. Schek
《Data & Knowledge Engineering》1989,4(4):321-352The first part of this paper introduces the basic constructs of a frame representation model and gives a formal definition for them. Subsequently the nested relational model (NF2) is described as an extension of the classical relational model to support relation-valued attributes. In the second part of this paper both models are compared with each other and a mapping of frame representation structures to NF2 structures is specified. The structural similarities between frames and NF2 relations are made clear and it is shown that their main difference is due to the type polymorphism introduced by the concept hierarchy of the frame model. This causes type collisions to occur in the strictly typed NF2 model when frames are directly mapped to NF2 structures. Two solutions to this problem are suggested and compared. The paper concludes with a reformulation of query operations of the frame model in terms of NF2 algebra operations. 相似文献
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结合福州市行政区域界线勘查工作已结束的实际和社会信息化发展的趋势,提出建立该市市、县级行政区域界线信息管理系统的重要性,对该系统的基本框架、实施方案、建立步骤及与“数字福建”接轨等问题进行了初步讨论,提出了建议。 相似文献
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A semi-Markov model is constructed that describes an arbitrarily structured multicomponent technological system and takes
into account its calendar maintenance. Using an aggregation algorithm, approximate values of stationary reliability characteristics
and an optimal term of maintenance work are determined for the system.
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Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 2, pp. 69–86, March–April 2006. 相似文献
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节理岩体的代表单元集合体模型及弹性参数预测 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本文明确提出了节理岩体“代表单元集合体”的概念和模型,通过对节理岩体的“代表单元集合体”进行数值模拟,研究了节理岩体的“代表单元集合体”的变形特性,建立了节理岩体的弹性模型,提出了预测节理岩体宏观等效弹性参数的计算机模拟方法,并将其应用于岩体工程稳定性分析中。 相似文献
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Thermodynamic parameters have been determined for the interaction of methyl orange and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) in aqueous solutions containing tris, tris and hydrochloric acid, or water only. Enthalpy changes were determined by use of a flow microcalorimeter. Free energy changes were calculated from the results of equilbrium dialysis studies. The results are interpreted in terms of the behaviour of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) in these systems. Analysis of data shows that the hydrophobic interactions in the systems are in the order: tris > wateronly > tris-HC1. 相似文献
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