CBR技术在自动配色系统中的应用研究

为提高复杂多变条件下的配色准确率,提出了基于案例推理（case-based reasoning,CBR）的新型自动配色技术,并给出了原型--基于案例推理的配色系统(CBRCMS). CBRCMS对配方库组织结构、配方检索、配方复用、学习调整等关键技术进行了探讨.CBRCMS基于大量的历史优良配方,以色度迭代逼近技术作为配色精度的基本保证,并将其作为CBR配方复用的主要方法.实验数据显示,CBR的引入可明显提高配色准确率,CBR技术的自适应、自学习特点对传统配色技术是很好的补充.     

A knowledge and collaboration-based CBR process to improve network performance-related support activities

In a context characterized by a growing demand for networked services, users of advanced applications sometimes face network performance troubles that may actually prevent them from completing their tasks. Therefore, providing assistance for user communities that have difficulties using the network has been identified as one of the major issues of performance-related support activities. Despite the advances network management has made over the last years, there is a lack of guidance services to provide users with information that goes beyond merely presenting network properties. In this light, the research community has been highlighting the importance of User-Perceived Quality (UPQ) scores during the evaluation of network services for network applications, such as Quality of Experience (QoE) and Mean Opinion Score (MOS). However, despite their potential to assist end-users to deal with network performance troubles, only few types of network applications have well established UPQ scores. Besides that, they are defined through experiments essentially conducted in laboratory, rather than actual usage. This paper thus presents a knowledge and Collaboration-based Network Users’ Support (CNUS) Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) Process that predicts UPQ scores to assist users by focusing on the collaboration among them through the sharing of their experiences in using network applications. It builds (i) a knowledge base that includes not only information about network performance problems, but also applications’ characteristics, (ii) a case base that contains users’ opinions, and (iii) a user database that stores users’ profiles. By processing them, CNUS benefits users through the indication of the degree of satisfaction they may achieve based on the general opinion from members of their communities in similar contexts. In order to evaluate the suitability of CNUS, a CBR system was built and validated through an experimental study conducted in laboratory with a multi-agent system that simulated scenarios where users request for assistance. The simulation was supported by an ontology of network services and applications and reputation scheme implemented through the PageRank algorithm. The results of the study pointed to the effectiveness of CNUS, and its resilience to users’ collusive and incoherent behaviors. Besides that, they showed the influence of the knowledge about network characteristics, users’ profiles and application features on computer-based support activities.     

面向案例消耗推理的应急物资预测

面向案例推理（Case-Based Reasoning,CBR）的应急物资需求预测中,针对老旧案例影响推理结果精确度的问题进行了研究,给出了一种基于消耗策略的案例推理的应急物资预测方法。通过粗糙集属性依赖度的计算确定了案例属性之间的权重系数;针对地震应急数据特征提出了一种消耗策略的定义,确定消耗函数、消耗参数和消耗区间参数,采用消耗策略对各案例间的相似度进行优化调整,减小老旧案例的权重,进而不同程度地削弱老旧案例对案例匹配结果的影响,再从案例库中检索到与目标案例匹配的最佳源案例,从而决策出目标案例的处理方案;通过进行地震实例分析,验证了参数调节后的案例消耗推理的预测结果精度更高。该方法在应急救援的物资预测中有一定的借鉴意义。     

竖炉焙烧过程的智能设定模型

为了改善多目标评价案例推理设定模型在竖炉焙烧过程控制中的性能,运用注水原理分配过程变量的权重和群决策修正方法对多目标评价案例推理设定方法进行改进,得到一种新的智能设定模型.首先引入注水原理构造Lagrange函数对过程变量的权重进行优化分配,再通过案例检索和案例重用得到设定值的建议解,并根据多目标评价模型预测建议解对生产指标的影响效果,最后,对不合理的设定值进行群决策修正.将得到的设定模型应用于竖炉焙烧过程控制中,通过实验测试和对比应用说明了本文方法优于其他方法,能够有效提高多目标评价案例推理设定模型的控制性能.     

砀山酥梨黑星病综合管理专家系统的设计与实现①

梨黑星病（Venturia pirina）是砀山酥梨最为严重的病害之一,梨种植户每年因为这种病害遭受了很大的损失。随着农业信息化的发展,国内外目前已有很多关于农业专家系统报道,但关于砀山酥梨黑星病综合管理专家系统尚未见报道。在搜集梨黑星病相关资料和领域专家生产实践经验的基础上,结合黄河故道地区砀山酥梨黑星病发生发展的现状,基于CBR和RBR混合推理模式,利用Visual Basic 6．0编程和Photoshop图像处理等软件,开发了砀山酥梨黑星病综合管理专家系统。该系统由“砀山酥梨黑星病预测与防治子系统”和“砀山酥梨黑星病综合防治决策支持子系统”两个子系统构成,系统涵盖内容全面、界面简洁、针对性强、操作容易,可为黄河故道地区农业技术人员和梨种植户在防治梨黑星病实践中提供决策咨询。     

基于范例表达语言的设计及其推理架构的实现

基于Web技术,从工程机械设备故障诊断的实例出发,提出、定义和设计实现了基于RDF的范例表达语言,并基于开放式知识服务体系,提出了Web CBR的基本实现架构与方法,以适应目前Internet环境下的知识共享、知识管理和知识应用的发展.     

VES：阴道炎症（vaginitis）辅助诊断专家系统设计与实现

阐述基于规则诊断推理技术的阴道炎症辅助专家系统的设计与实现。针对阴道炎症医疗诊断的特点,讨论该系统在建立过程采用的关键技术,描述系统的结构框架、知识表示、推理方法和实现技术。整合数据库技术,人工智能技术及阴道炎症医疗诊断技术,为实现阴道炎症智能诊断系统提供有价值的探讨。     

Behaviour of sand–clay mixtures for road pavement subgrade

Materials forming sand grains and colluvial soil deposits have a distinct structure, consisting of a composite matrix of coarse and fine soil grains. The influence of sand grains content on the behaviour of sand–clay mixtures was investigated by a series of intensive laboratory experiments. The California bearing ratio (CBR), unconfined compression strength (UCS) and compaction tests were carried out on various contents of sand and clay mixtures. The sand–clay mixtures were prepared with sand contents of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% by weight. The laboratory tests on these mixtures have indicated that their behaviour will depend on the relative concentration of the sand and clay samples. The results of the tests showed a decrease in the UCS, and an increase the CBR values with an increase in the amount of sand. An increase in dry unit weight and a decrease in respective moisture content by an increase in the amount of sand were observed in the compaction tests.     

Extended object model for product configuration design

This paper presents an extended object model for case-based reasoning (CBR) in product configuration design. In the extended object model, a few methods of knowledge expression are adopted, such as constraints, rules, objects, etc. On the basis of extended object model, case representation model for CBR is applied to product configuration design system. The product configuration knowledge can be represented by the extended object. The model can support all the processes of CBR in product configuration design, such as case representation, indexing, retrieving, and case revising. The presented model is an extension of the traditional object-oriented model by including the relationship class used to express the relation between the cases, constraints class used in the product configuration knowledge representation, index class used in case retrieving, and solution class used in case revising. Therefore, the product configuration knowledge used in the product configuration design can be represented by using this model. In the end, a metering pump product configuration design system is developed on the basis of the proposed product configuration model to support customized products.     

Case-based expert system using wavelet packet transform and kernel-based feature manipulation for engine ignition system diagnosis

Whenever there is any fault in an automotive engine ignition system or changes of an engine condition, an automotive mechanic can conventionally perform an analysis on the ignition pattern of the engine to examine symptoms, based on specific domain knowledge (domain features of an ignition pattern). In this paper, case-based reasoning (CBR) approach is presented to help solve human diagnosis problem using not only the domain features but also the extracted features of signals captured using a computer-linked automotive scope meter. CBR expert system has the advantage that it provides user with multiple possible diagnoses, instead of a single most probable diagnosis provided by traditional network-based classifiers such as multi-layer perceptions (MLP) and support vector machines (SVM). In addition, CBR overcomes the problem of incremental and decremental knowledge update as required by both MLP and SVM. Although CBR is effective, its application for high dimensional domains is inefficient because every instance in a case library must be compared during reasoning. To overcome this inefficiency, a combination of preprocessing methods, such as wavelet packet transforms (WPT), kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) and kernel K-means (KKM) is proposed. Considering the ignition signals captured by a scope meter are very similar, WPT is used for feature extraction so that the ignition signals can be compared with the extracted features. However, there exist many redundant points in the extracted features, which may degrade the diagnosis performance. Therefore, KPCA is employed to perform a dimension reduction. In addition, the number of cases in a case library can be controlled through clustering; KKM is adopted for this purpose. In this paper, several diagnosis methods are also used for comparison including MLP, SVM and CBR. Experimental results showed that CBR using WPT and KKM generated the highest accuracy and fitted better the requirements of the expert system.