排序方式: 共有49条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
为识别火烧迹地等地类,以广西百色市为研究区,采用HJ-1星多光谱影像数据近红外波段光谱值、林火发生前后两时相各自NDVI值以及NDVI变化值,基于先验知识和统计分析构建决策树分类模型,通过与传统最大似然分类提取结果的比较分析,表明基于多特征的决策树模型能够有效地对HJ-1星多光谱遥感数据进行火烧迹地等地类提取,在研究区并具有良好的推广性。 相似文献
2.
利用环境减灾小卫星多光谱数据研究过火区的制图方法,并分析对比了4种植被指数对于过火区的分离性。结果表明:基于可见光和近红外的BAI(Burned Area Index)与GEMI(Global Environment Monitoring Index)指数对于过火区的分离能力较好。在此基础上,采用二阶段识别算法对实验区的过火区进行提取。首先采用严格的阈值提取燃烧较为严重的过火像元,并以此作为第二阶段过火区识别的“种子”点,该阶段以减少误判为目的;第二阶段采用区域生长提取其他过火区域,同时采取较为宽松的阈值作为生长准则,以减少漏判,最后得出过火区边界。精度验证结果表明:该方法提取的过火区误判率为5.5%,漏判率为12.7%。 相似文献
3.
Prototyping a global algorithm for systematic fire-affected area mapping using MODIS time series data 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The remote sensing of Earth surface changes is an active research field aimed at the development of methods and data products needed by scientists, resource managers, and policymakers. Fire is a major cause of surface change and occurs in most vegetation zones across the world. The identification and delineation of fire-affected areas, also known as burned areas or fire scars, may be considered a change detection problem. Remote sensing algorithms developed to map fire-affected areas are difficult to implement reliably over large areas because of variations in both the surface state and those imposed by the sensing system. The availability of robustly calibrated, atmospherically corrected, cloud-screened, geolocated data provided by the latest generation of moderate resolution remote sensing systems allows for major advances in satellite mapping of fire-affected area. This paper describes an algorithm developed to map fire-affected areas at a global scale using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) surface reflectance time series data. The algorithm is developed from the recently published Bi-Directional Reflectance Model-Based Expectation change detection approach and maps at 500 m the location and approximate day of burning. Improvements made to the algorithm for systematic global implementation are presented and the algorithm performance is demonstrated for southern African, Australian, South American, and Boreal fire regimes. The algorithm does not use training data but rather applies a wavelength independent threshold and spectral constraints defined by the noise characteristics of the reflectance data and knowledge of the spectral behavior of burned vegetation and spectrally confusing changes that are not associated with burning. Temporal constraints are applied capitalizing on the spectral persistence of fire-affected areas. Differences between mapped fire-affected areas and cumulative MODIS active fire detections are illustrated and discussed for each fire regime. The results reveal a coherent spatio-temporal mapping of fire-affected area and indicate that the algorithm shows potential for global application. 相似文献
4.
文章对前苏联锅炉机组热力计算标准对内燃油炉适用性进行了分析,并对各参数的选取进行了说明。实际测量结果证明分析可靠。 相似文献
5.
Development and analysis of a 12-year daily 1-km forest fire dataset across North America from NOAA/AVHRR data 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ruiliang Pu Zhanqing Li Peng Gong Robert Fraser Shobha Kondragunta 《Remote sensing of environment》2007,108(2):198-208
Fires in boreal and temperate forests play a significant role in the global carbon cycle. While forest fires in North America (NA) have been surveyed extensively by U.S. and Canadian forest services, most fire records are limited to seasonal statistics without information on temporal evolution and spatial expansion. Such dynamic information is crucial for modeling fire emissions. Using the daily Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data archived from 1989 to 2000, an extensive and consistent fire product was developed across the entire NA forest regions on a daily basis at 1-km resolution. The product was generated following data calibration, geo-referencing, and the application of an active fire detection algorithm and a burned area mapping algorithm. The spatial-temporal variation of forest fire in NA is analyzed in terms of (1) annual and monthly patterns of fire occurrences in different eco-domains, (2) the influence of topographic factors (elevation zones, aspect classes, and slope classes), and (3) major forest types and eco-regions in NA. It was found that 1) among the 12 years analyzed, 1989 and 1995 were the most severe fire years in NA; 2) the majority of burning occurred during June-July and in low elevation zones (< 500 m) with gentle slopes (< 10°), except in the dry eco-domain where more fires occurred in higher elevation zones (> 2000 m); 3) most fires occurred in the polar eco-domain, sub-arctic eco-division, and in the taiga ( boreal forests), forest-tundras and open woodlands eco-provinces in the boreal forests of Canada. The tendency for multiple burns to occur increases with elevation and slope until about 2500 m elevation and 24° slope, and decreases therefore. In comparison with ground observations, the omission and commission errors are on the order of 20%. 相似文献
6.
J. L. Pichardo-Molina G. Gutiérez-Juárez A. Landa-Hernandez O. Barbosa-Garcia R. Ivanov M. R. Huerta-Franco 《International Journal of Thermophysics》2008,29(6):2189-2199
In this paper the use of the photothermal radiometry technique in the frequency domain (PRTF) and the use of multivariate
methods in the study of two types of skin phantoms: (a) one in which skin pigmentation was simulated dyeing the gel phantom
and (b) the other consists of exposure of animal skin samples to different degrees of thermal damage. In experiment (a), gel
phantoms were prepared with different concentrations of methylene blue (MB). The mean values of the radiometry signal (RS)
show significant differences in only those cases in which changes in the concentration of MB were higher than 0.38 mM. This
result was confirmed with a t test for independent samples of the data (p < 0.05). The mean values of the amplitude and phase signal do not permit discrimination between phantoms with changes in
pigmentation equal to or lower than this value. However, principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that it is possible
to discriminate between phantoms with changes in molar concentration equal to 0.38 mM (for the phase signal). In the case
of experiment (b), the following four groups of pork skin samples were analyzed: one consists of samples of fresh skin, while
the other three consist of samples exposed to thermal damage at 45 °C (the exposure time was 4 s) and 80 °C (exposure times
were 4 s and 8 s, respectively). The mean values of the RS for each group of samples did not show a clear visual discrimination.
However, the t test for independent samples applied to the data demonstrated significant differences only between fresh skin and skin exposure
to thermal damage at 80 °C (with exposure times of 4 s and 8 s). PCA was used to discriminate between the four different skin
samples. 相似文献
7.
介绍了合缝线的历史与现代对合缝线的认识和分类。对合缝线所产生的缺陷进行了小结并对其产生的原因作了简单的分析。文章最后总结了在制瓶生产中合缝线方面的各注意事项。 相似文献
8.
杨玉秋 《石油化工设备技术》1996,17(3):39-41
在加氢装置试车期间,新氢压缩机多次出现活塞杆填料烧损故障,通过故障分析找到了原因,并对填料结构做了相应的改进,从而使问题得以解决。 相似文献
9.
10.
Earth Observation (EO) sensors play an important role in quantifying biomass burning related fuel consumption and carbon emissions, and capturing their spatial and temporal dynamics. Typically, biomass burning emissions inventories are developed by exploiting either burned area (BA) or active fire (AF) measures of fire radiative energy (FRE). These approaches have both advantages and limitations. For example, methods based on burned area data typically require hard-to-obtain estimates of fuel load and combustion completeness, and the accuracy of the BA algorithm may deteriorate for small fires or those in densely forested terrain. Conversely, ‘raw’ FRE-based methods are typically low-biassed due to the non-detection of low intensity fires, and are also hindered by cloud cover. Here we develop a methodology integrating these two EO data types to deliver a high temporal resolution emissions inventory, maximising the benefit of each data type without requiring additional information. We focus on Africa, the most fire affected continent, and combine daily FRE observations provided by Meteosat Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) with BA measures delivered by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). For individual fires detected by both types of data, we estimate fuel consumption per unit area (FCA: g·m− 2) via the ratio of FRE-derived total fuel consumption (FCT) to BA. These values are then extrapolated to fires that were mapped using the BA data but which remained undetected in the SEVIRI AF product, thus correcting for the ‘low spatial resolution bias’ inherent in geostationary AF datasets. Calculated daily continental scale FCT for Africa varies between 0.3 and 20 Tg for the period February 2004-January 2005. We estimate annual continental FCT to be 1418 Tg, far closer to the 2272 Tg provided by the widely used Global Fire Emissions Database (version 3; GFEDv3) than is obtained when using ‘raw’ FRE data alone. This synergistic approach has substantially narrowed the gap between GFEDv3 and FRE-derived emissions inventories, whilst the geostationary FRP observations offer the advantage that the daily emissions estimates can be distributed more accurately over the diurnal fire cycle if required for linking to atmospheric transport models. 相似文献