De l'intérêt clinique du concept d'héboïdophrénie. À propos de deux cas de schizophrénie criminelle

Our clinical experience brings us to believe that not all patients suffering from schizophrenia are dangerous and this in spite of collective representations and dramatic happenings regularly reported by the media.Indeed among the important symptomatic dimensions that are classically bound to this illness, some semiological regroupments seem to predict hetero-aggressive risks more than others. And this perception seems even clearer when the investigation is widened to cover the history of the patient, his/her personality traits, relational modalities and psychic representations. Therefore the concept of heboidophrenia that had become obsolescent in present day nosographies can constitute a clinical model that is still pertinent and propitious for new reflexions. To illustrate our remarks we have decided to present two strikingly similar clinical cases in spite of a great contextual difference. They relate to two patients suffering from schizophrenia who are untypical due to their murderous criminal history. After a comparative discussion our reflexion will widen to whether one can foresee such acts in this type of patient, and to the possibility of medical care…. Under the aegis of the Law.     

人胚胎干细胞原代克隆生长及其传代的研究

目的 评价人胚胎干细胞建系与囊胚质量、原代克隆生长的关系。方法 D3废弃胚胎成组共培养获得不同质量的囊胚，免疫刀去除囊胚滋养外胚层细胞后，将内细胞团(ICM)接种到饲养细胞层上生长、传代。结果 从质量好的囊胚得到的人胚胎干细胞传代的代数更多；原代克隆生长快的人胚胎干细胞传代效率更高。结论 人胚胎干细胞建系与囊胚质量、原代克隆生长情况密切相关。     

Étapes du processus criminogène : de la théorie à la pratique

The aim of this study was to collect the various considerations of the structure time events of the acting out. In this review, we collected on the one hand the psychological and phenomenological criterions, and on the other hand the criminological and forensic data. The theoretical and empirical observations were connected to purpose an operational structure which includes the current state of the knowledge of the criminal acting out sequences.     

黄热病毒17D减毒株在人二倍体细胞2BS株上的传代适应性研究

目的:探讨黄热病毒17D减毒株在人二倍体细胞2BS株上的传代适应性。方法:通过噬斑检测法检测黄热病毒滴度,观察在不同培养条件下和连续传代时黄热病毒17D减毒株在2BS细胞上的增殖情况。结果:黄热病毒17D减毒株在2BS细胞上连续传5代可适应在2BS细胞上的生长,并以病毒感染复数0.005～0.010接种、培养温度在35...     

高功率微波辐射后小鼠行为学变化研究

目的 观察S波段高功率微波对小鼠空间、非空间学习记忆能力和对外界环境兴奋性的影响。方法 10mW/cm3和50roW/cm2S波段高功率微波辐照小鼠,于照后1h,1d,3d和7d,采用通道式水迷宫实验的游泳时间、避暗反应实验的潜伏期和错误积分以及开放场实验的运动时间、运动距离和休息时间来检测小鼠辐射后学习记忆能力和对外界环境兴奋性的影响。结果10mW/cm2组在照后1d,3d和7d其游泳时间明显延长:假照射组vs 10mW/cm2组依次为(128.4±48,6)s vs(210.6±82.2)s,(123.7±44.3)svs(220.9±71.6)s和(127.3±47.7)s vs(228.3±30.9)s,潜伏期和错误积分与对照组相比均有显著性差异:潜伏期1h时为(274.4±56.7)s vs(194.8±87.3)s,1d时为(295.3±14.9)s vs(248.0±75.7)s(P<0.05):而50mW/cm2组仅在照后3d其游泳时间延长:(123.7±44.3)s vs(184.8±82.1)s(P<0.05),照后1d其错误积分高于对照组(P<0.05);小鼠运动距离和休息时间各实验组与对照组相比均无显著性差异,运动时间与对照组相比两组间存在矛盾。结论S波段高功率微波辐照可以引起小鼠空间和非空间学习记忆能力下降,但对小鼠兴奋性、新异环境感知、探究和紧张无明显影响。     

Locomotor sensitization to quinpirole in rats: effects of drug abstinence and sex

RATIONALE: Behavioral sensitization, induced by the chronic administration of psychomotor stimulants, serves as an experimental model for the development of behavioral pathology. Although many factors are known to influence the sensitization produced by indirect dopamine agonists, such as cocaine and the amphetamines, less is known about factors that influence the behavioral sensitization produced by direct dopamine receptor agonists. OBJECTIVE: As the extent to which behavioral sensitization is expressed following the repeated administration of indirect dopamine agonists can depend upon a period of drug abstinence, the present study determined the effects of drug abstinence on the expression of locomotor sensitization to the D2/D3 receptor agonist, quinpirole (QNP). METHODS: Male and female rats were administered ten, twice weekly, injections of 0.5 mg/kg QNP or saline (SAL), and then received one of five QNP doses (0-1.0 mg/kg; n=7-10/dose) in two dose-response tests for locomotor sensitization, conducted at 3 and 15 days following the cessation of chronic treatment. RESULTS: The sensitized locomotor response of QNP-treated animals was similar on the 2 test days in both male and female subjects. Compared to males, female rats displayed greater locomotor responding to QNP, both during chronic treatment and on the dose-response tests for sensitization. CONCLUSIONS: QNP locomotor sensitization is (a) not influenced by 2 weeks of QNP abstinence and (b) can be influenced by the sex of the animal. It is suggested that direct and indirect dopamine agonists produce locomotor sensitization via distinct mechanisms that differ in sensitivity to the passage of time but are both influenced by sex-specific variables.     

Differential accumulation of genetic and phenotypic changes in Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and Japanese encephalitis virus following passage in vitro and in vivo

The requirement to replicate in both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts is thought to limit the introduction of genetic changes into the genome of arboviruses. Serial passage under laboratory conditions will overcome this limitation allowing for genetic changes to be introduced and affecting the virulence of the virus for animals. In the studies detailed here, the consequence of removing the restriction of alternate replication was demonstrated to be different depending on the virus. Passing Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus in tissue culture cells, eggs or mice resulted in up to 11 nucleotide or amino acid changes but no significant change in the virulence of the virus for mice. Passing Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) under the identical conditions resulted in as many as 22 nucleotide or amino acid changes that often resulted in improved survival probabilities. For JEV, most genetic changes along with the attenuated phenotype were selected within 5 passes.     

Contribution of night and day sleep vs. simple passage of time to the consolidation of motor sequence and visuomotor adaptation learning

There is increasing evidence supporting the notion that the contribution of sleep to consolidation of motor skills depends on the nature of the task used in practice. We compared the role of three post-training conditions in the expression of delayed gains on two different motor skill learning tasks: finger tapping sequence learning (FTSL) and visuomotor adaptation (VMA). Subjects in the DaySleep and ImmDaySleep conditions were trained in the morning and at noon, respectively, afforded a 90-min nap early in the afternoon and were re-tested 12 h post-training. In the NightSleep condition, subjects were trained in the evening on either of the two learning paradigms and re-tested 12 h later following sleep, while subjects in the NoSleep condition underwent their training session in the morning and were re-tested 12 h later without any intervening sleep. The results of the FTSL task revealed that post-training sleep (day-time nap or night-time sleep) significantly promoted the expression of delayed gains at 12 h post-training, especially if sleep was afforded immediately after training. In the VMA task, however, there were no significant differences in the gains expressed at 12 h post-training in the three conditions. These findings suggest that “off-line” performance gains reflecting consolidation processes in the FTSL task benefit from sleep, even a short nap, while the simple passage of time is as effective as time in sleep for consolidation of VMA to occur. They also imply that procedural memory consolidation processes differ depending on the nature of task demands. J. Doyon and M. Korman contributed equally.