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In architectural design, surface shapes are commonly subject to geometric constraints imposed by material, fabrication or assembly. Rationalization algorithms can convert a freeform design into a form feasible for production, but often require design modifications that might not comply with the design intent. In addition, they only offer limited support for exploring alternative feasible shapes, due to the high complexity of the optimization algorithm.We address these shortcomings and present a computational framework for interactive shape exploration of discrete geometric structures in the context of freeform architectural design. Our method is formulated as a mesh optimization subject to shape constraints. Our formulation can enforce soft constraints and hard constraints at the same time, and handles equality constraints and inequality constraints in a unified way. We propose a novel numerical solver that splits the optimization into a sequence of simple subproblems that can be solved efficiently and accurately.Based on this algorithm, we develop a system that allows the user to explore designs satisfying geometric constraints. Our system offers full control over the exploration process, by providing direct access to the specification of the design space. At the same time, the complexity of the underlying optimization is hidden from the user, who communicates with the system through intuitive interfaces. 相似文献
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N-K2Ti4O9/MIL-101 composites were successfully synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method, and were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, the valence band X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission transmission electron microscopy, photoluminescence emission spectra, N2 adsorption–desorption and thermogravimetric analysis. Photocatalytic activities of N-K2Ti4O9, MIL-101 and the composites were investigated by the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light irradiation. The results show that the composites exhibit higher photocatalytic activity as compared with the pure materials. The synergistically enhanced photocatalytic activity of the composites is due to big adsorption capacity of MIL-101 and high separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs through interfaces between N-K2Ti4O9 and MIL-101. 相似文献
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《Food Control》2015
The aim of the study was to investigate annual and regional differences in the level of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in grains and dairy cattle feed. Maize (n = 972), wheat (n = 201), barley (n = 147), oat (n = 136), grain mixtures (n = 168), and dairy cattle feed (n = 325) were sampled from 2009 to 2013 on different farms and in different farm factories situated in four Croatian regions. The samples were analysed for AFB1 using the validated ELISA immunoassay. AFB1 was determined in 16.4% of all investigated samples, among which maize was proven to be the most contaminated, with 21.7% of the samples recovered during 2013 harbouring AFB1 in concentrations over the permissible ones. Levels higher than permitted were observed in 17.9% and 12.3% of grain mixtures and dairy cattle feed, respectively, whereas concentrations of AFB1 determined in other crops throughout the investigated period met the stipulated requirements. The results revealed the AFB1 occurrence to be significantly (p < 0.05) dependent on the cultivation region, with the highest levels generally found in maize harvested in 2013 and consequently in grain mixtures and cattle feed that can most likely be associated with climatic conditions as the most critical factor for mould formation, and thus also AFB1 production. 相似文献
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为检查工程质量,查找输水系统可能存在的问题并消除隐患,保障电站安全运行,福建仙游抽水蓄能电站在投产发电前,要对输水发电系统进行充水试验与放空排水试验,在试验过程中监测输水系统的应力、应变与渗漏水情况。本文以尾水系统为例,介绍了试验所应具备的工程条件、工作程序及技术要求、试验成果分析和存在问题处理等。试验表明,仙游抽水蓄能电站尾水系统设计合理,施工质量优良,结构可靠,可供同类工程参考与借鉴。 相似文献
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《Intermetallics》2015
The site preferences of co-alloying elements (Mo–Ta, Mo–Re, Mo–Cr) in Ni3Al are studied using first-principles calculations, and the effects of these alloying elements on the elastic properties of Ni3Al are evaluated by elastic property calculations. The results show that the Mo–Ta, Mo–Re and Mo–Cr atom pairs all prefer Al–Al sites and the spatial neighbor relation of substitution sites almost has no influence on the site preference results. Furthermore, the Young's modulus of Ni3Al increases much higher by substituting Al–Al sites with co-alloying atoms, among which Mo–Re has the best strengthening effect. The enhanced chemical bondings between alloying atoms and their neighbor host atoms are considered to be the main strengthening mechanism of the alloying elements in Ni3Al. 相似文献
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文章通过对黑龙江省高效节水现状,存在问题的分析,结合黑龙江省高效节水发展的支撑能力,阐述黑龙江省节水增粮目标、任务及总体布局,为黑龙江省2012—2015年节水增粮实施提供依据。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTIn this paper, we review some algebraic control system. Precisely, linear and bilinear systems on Euclidean spaces and invariant and linear systems on Lie groups. The fourth classes of systems have a common issue: to any class, there exists an associated subgroup. From this object, we survey the controllability property. Especially, from those coming from our contribution to the theory. 相似文献