Micropore characterization using the Dubinin-Astakhov equation to analyze high pressure CO2 (273 K) adsorption data

The characterization of the pore structure of microporous materials is of interest because of the usefulness of these materials in many applications. Of these, the characterization of carbon adsorbents is particularly problematic because of the presence of small pores with size on the order of small molecules (micropores) along with a wide distribution of pore sizes, and their non-crystalline structure. In this paper, we present results obtained using the Dubinin-Astakhov equation to analyze data from high pressure CO₂ adsorption at 273 K to characterize two sets of microporous carbons. Our results support the conclusions of previous workers that the Dubinin-Astakhov (DA) equation is able to linearize adsorption data that gives rise to curved Dubinin-Radushkevich plots. However, when applied over different ranges of relative pressure on the adsorption isotherm, the Dubinin-Astakhov plots result in different values of micropore volume and characteristic adsorption potential. Furthermore, DA analysis of CO₂ (273 K) adsorption data over a wide range of pressures (10^–3–22000 Tort), gives results different from DA analysis of CO₂ (273 K) isotherms measured at low pressures only (10^–3–830 Tort). It would appear desirable to apply the DA equation to data that reflects the entire range of micropore filling on the adsorption isotherm, as opposed to data over a limited relative pressure range. For CO₂ adsorption at 273 K, this would necessitate adsorption studies at high pressures, to about 28 atm. Micropore volumes obtained in this manner, agreed with the total pore volumes determined by nitrogen (77 K) adsorption for all the activated carbons studied.     

微孔对氧化铝瓷球磨损特性的影响

研究了微孔对平均晶粒尺寸分别为3μm、6μm和15μm氧化铝瓷球磨损特性的影响。对于平均晶粒尺寸为3μm的瓷球,发现直径大于1μm的微孔影响瓷球的磨损,而直径小于1μm的微孔几乎不影响。对于磨损过程主要由塑性变形机制引起的微晶氧化铝瓷球,可能存在磨损临界孔洞尺寸。无论平均晶粒尺寸是3μm还是6μm和15μm的瓷球,在被磨损的微孔边缘处,晶粒都是沿晶脱落和穿晶断裂,主要发生由脆性断裂机制引起的磨损过程。     

海绵状涤纶改性纤维及其纱线的性能测试与分析

采用线密度基本相同的海绵状涤纶改性纤维加工的纱线与普通纯涤纶纱线及涤棉混纺纱线进行单强、弹性、条干、毛羽、吸湿性及快干性的展开研究,展示海绵状涤纶改性纤维纱线比纯涤纶纱线更好的吸湿性、快干性、弹性、手感柔滑蓬松性,为改性涤纶产品的开发与运用提供了依据。     

PAN基原丝预氧丝炭纤维微结构的几种新的X射线衍射散射定量表征技术

介绍几种新近开发的针对PAN基原丝、预氧丝和炭丝微结构和结构缺陷的X射线衍射与散射定量表征技术,它们是:纤维材料中柱状(椭球状)纳米取向微孔体积分数X射线小角散射定量表征方法;纤维材料中柱状(椭球状)纳米取向微孔取向角的小角散射定量表征方法;预氧丝中链状相与环化相体积分数的小角衍射定量表征方法以及炭纤维中乱层石墨相与单层石墨相的X射线广角衍射定量表征方法等。     

微孔致孔剂对钙磷陶瓷表面类骨磷灰石形成的研究

钙磷陶瓷表面类骨磷灰石层的形成对瓷诱导新骨生成起非常重要的作用. 本文利用体外模拟装置首次研究了微孔致孔剂对新工艺制备的含CO₃^2-的双相HA/β-TCP多孔陶瓷表面类?骨磷灰石形成的影响. 结果表明, 该陶瓷因CO₃^2-的掺入, 导致类骨磷灰石晶体的形成时间大大缩短(从14天缩短至6天). 此外还有缺钙羟基磷灰石晶体?的生成. 并且微孔致孔剂以聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)优于硬脂酸(SA)粉末, 它更有?利于类骨磷灰石的形成. 在同时加入PVB作微孔致孔剂时, 类骨磷灰石晶体的形成情况随PVB加入量的增大而越来越好. 综合其相关性能来看, PVB的加入量以m_钙磷粉:m _致孔剂=1:0.3为宜. 微孔致孔剂的优化有利于该陶瓷材料骨诱导性的提高.     

Three-dimensional visualization and quantification of microporosity in aluminum castings by X-ray micro-computed tomography

Porosity is a major issue in solidification processing of metallic materials.In this work,wedge die casting experiments were designed to investigate the effect of cooling rate on microporosity in an aluminum alloy A356.Microstructure information including dendrites and porosity were measured and observed by optical microscopy and X-ray micro-computed tomography(XMCT).The effects of cooling rate on secondary dendrite arm spacing(SDAS)and porosity were discussed.The relationship between SDAS and cooling rate was established and validated using a mathematical model.Three-dimensional(3-D)porosity information,including porosity percentage,pore volume,and pore number,was determined by XMCT.With the cooling rate decreasing from a lower to a higher position of the wedge die,the observed pore number decreases,the porosity percentage increases,and the equivalent pore radius increases.Sphericity of the pores was discussed as an empirical criterion to distinguish the types of porosity.For different cooling rates,the larger the equivalent pore radius is,the lower the sphericity of the pores.This research suggests that XMCT is a useful tool to provide critical 3-D porosity information for integrated computational materials engineering(ICME)design and process optimization of solidification products.     

倒锥微孔阵列的激光微加工技术研究进展

激光微加工技术凭借其加工效率高、加工材料广泛、无物理损伤以及操控性强等优点在高精度机械部件的加工上有较好的应用前景,易加工出尺寸微小、数量庞大、高品质的倒锥微孔阵列.首先对激光加工微孔的工作原理和特点进行了介绍,综述了激光在加工微孔阵列、倒锥微孔以及倒锥微孔阵列的研究现状,详细介绍了准分子激光、飞秒激光、纳秒激光在加工...     

水热模板法制备的纳米微孔镍锌铁氧体

以镍、锌、铁的硫酸盐为原料、三乙胺和聚乙二醇作为模板剂,采用水热模板法制备了纳米镍锌铁氧体粉体,并通过红外光谱分析(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面积检测(BET)、扫描电镜(SEM)、密度测量等手段对样品进行表征.结果表明,水热模板法制备的纳米微孔镍锌铁氧体为尖晶石型;模板剂的引入使产物形成了孔结构,平均孔径为14 nm左右,且密度降低;SEM显示产物颗粒较小,粒度分布较均匀,分散性好.     

土壤中黑碳的分离及其孔结构分析

采用化学氧化法从土壤中提取黑碳样品,并用扫描电镜、吸附脱附等温线、H-K 微孔分布、BJH 中孔分布分析了土壤中黑碳的孔结构情况。     

微孔沸石对卷烟烟气中多环芳烃去除的机理研究

通过多环芳烃（polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon,PAHs）荧蒽（fluoranthene,Flu）和蒽（anthracene,Ant）在微孔沸石Y、ZSM-5和NaA上的吸附和催化裂解实验,探讨了沸石对卷烟烟气中PAHs选择性去除作用机理。实验结果表明：Y型沸石能吸附和催化裂解Flu和Ant;ZSM-5沸石能吸附和催化裂解Ant而不能吸附Flu;NaA沸石受孔径限制,不能吸附和催化裂解Ant和Flu。然而,将这些沸石添加到卷烟中,它们都不同程度地减少了烟气中B[a]P、Ant和Flu的含量。结合沸石吸附PAHs的红外图谱及量子化学计算结果：微孔沸石对卷烟烟气中PAHs的去除不是直接吸附或催化降解,而是吸附了形成PAHs的中间体/前体从而减少了PAHs的生成。