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2.
针对辽河油区超稠油采油污水的特点,采用Fenton试剂催化氧化,对采油污水处理进行研究。实验研究及现场应用结果表明,此方法对污水的CODCr具有良好的去除效果。处理后污水经过简单生化,进一步降解污染物,能够实现稳定迭标排放,且具有能耗低、运行成本低和操作简单等特点。 相似文献
3.
Diphenylzinc, alone or in combination with water and butanone as coinitiators, was used as a polymerization initiator system for a variety of lactones at varying temperatures. The resulting data indicate that the course of the polymerization is greatly influenced by the lactone structure, as well as by the molar ratio of coinitiator to diphenylzinc. When used alone, diphenylzinc exhibited high activity as an initiator in δ‐valerolactone polymerizations, although it was less efficient when used in the β‐butyrolactone and the β‐propiolactone polymerizations. Activity in the polymerization of β‐lactones was increased by adding small amounts of butanone or water. It was also observed that the diphenylzinc–butanone combination was more effective than the diphenylzinc–water mixture in the polymerizations of β‐butyrolactone and β‐propiolactone. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
4.
Studies on the deactivations and initiations of gas phase polymerizations of 1,3‐butadiene have been achieved by Monte Carlo simulation. Initiation and deactivation control the reaction before and after the peak of the polymerization rate, respectively. The influence of polymerization temperature has been studied. Monte Carlo modeling of polymerization kinetics and mechanism was confirmed by the agreement of experimental data and simulation results of polymerizations run with a temporary evacuation of monomer. The balance of catalysts and active chains is established by both initiation and chain transfer reactions with cocatalyst, which causes a ‘pseudo‐stability’ stage. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
5.
The problem of operating freeze drying of pharmaceutical products in vials placed in trays of a freeze dryer to remove free water (in frozen state) at a minimum time was formulated as an optimal control problem. Two different types of freeze dryer designs were considered. In type I freeze dryer design, upper and lower plate temperatures were controlled together, while in type II freeze dryer design, upper and lower plate temperatures were controlled independently. The heat input to the material being dried and the drying chamber pressure were considered as control variables. Constraints were placed on the system state variables by the melting and scorch temperatures during primary drying stage. Necessary conditions of optimality for the primary drying stage of freeze drying process in vials are derived and presented. Furthermore, an approach for constructing the optimal control policies that would minimize the drying time for the primary drying stage was given. In order to analyze optimal control policy for the primary drying stage of the freeze-drying process in vials, a rigorous multi-dimensional unsteady state mathematical model was used. The theoretical approach presented in this work was applied in the freeze drying of skim milk. Significant reductions in the drying times of primary drying stage of freeze drying process in vials were obtained, as compared to the drying times obtained from conventional operational policies. 相似文献
6.
五.牛奶厂的清洗。目前,牛奶厂采用的清洗方式主要是CIP清洗(Cleaning in place),原地清洗或称定置清洗,即在基本不拆卸或挪动机械装置和管线的情况下对生产过程中能与牛奶发生接触的设备表面进行的清洗。其冲刷、清洗、灭菌的整个过程全部实现了自动化因此大大降低了劳动强度。而有一些不 相似文献
7.
套保稠油油田火烧油层可行性分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
从火烧油层的筛选标准、实际地质条件及室内物理模拟实验入手,对该油田火烧可行性进行了分析。分析结果认为,套保油田进行火烧总体上是可行的,在实际火烧时应避开底水的影响,火烧区域应选在构造高部位或仅烧其主力层。 相似文献
8.
在大空间的温度控制系统中 ,采用简单的PID控制规律 ,对空间的温度、湿度进行解藕计算 ,将空间的相对湿度控制转化为送风含湿量的控制。该控制方式稳定、可靠 ,并且节约能源。本方法适用于所有的烘烤炉中 相似文献
9.
碳黑对苯乙烯自由基聚合反应影响的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了碳黑对苯乙烯单体聚合物反应的影响,结果表明,用过氧化苯甲酰作引发剂,普通碳黑子对苯乙烯的聚合有强烈的阻聚作用,而用偶氮二异丁腈引发聚合物时,普通碳黑的阻聚性很小,当时碳黑进行接枝处理后,接枝碳黑对苯乙烯自由基聚合的影响程度与接枝方法有关,其中过氧化苯甲酰 自由基枝枝碳黑的聚性变化较大。 相似文献
10.
This article deals with the kinetics of two-step anionic polymerization by way of a non-steady state method. Several molecular parameters can be evaluated using the formulae developed. A bimodal molecular weight distribution function for the resulting polymer is derived from the set of kinetic differential equations, which is in agreement with the experimental data reported. 相似文献