《钢结构工程施工质量验收规范》修订简介

简要介绍《钢结构工程施工质量验收规范》(GB 5 0 2 0 5 - 2 0 0 1)的修订原则、方法以及对原规范进行修订中新增加的内容及要求 ,并进行了详细解释 ,以便于对新规范的理解     

HCAA:一种哈希冲突过度的动态解决算法

HASH表作为一种快速查询的数据结构,在防火墙等网络安全应用中得到了广泛的应用。然而,攻击者可能通过一些手段对这些应用发动HASH攻击使其失去响应,从而使某些恶意的数据流能够逃脱网络安全应用的管理和控制。提出一种动态的哈希冲突过度的解决算法—HCAA(Hash Collision-Acceptable Algorithm)算法,该算法在哈希冲突过于集中时通过动态申请HASH表并使用不同哈希函数来对冲突数据流进行处理,使冲突在可接受的范围内。实验结果表明,与已有方法相比,HCAA算法能在使用更少HASH表项的情况下获得更均衡的HASH效果,从而能对数据流进行更快的HASH操作。     

Obesity does not reduce maximum acceptable weights of lift

The maximum acceptable weights of lift (MAWL) of obese and non-obese participants were empirically investigated. Three obesity levels were considered: non-obese (18.5 kg/m(2)< or= body mass index (BMI)or= 40 kg/m(2)). Ten male and 10 female participants were recruited for each obesity level. The participants determined their MAWL for 18 different lifting task conditions (six lifting frequencies x three lifting heights). An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to determine the effects of obesity level, gender, lifting height, lifting frequency and their interactions on MAWL. Overall, the ANOVA results indicated that obesity does not reduce MAWL, and thus, suggested that the existing MAWL data can be used to accommodate both general and obese workers. However, further studies based on the biomechanical and physiological approaches are required to provide more complete understanding of obesity effects on lifting tolerance limits.     

区间互补判断矩阵可接受一致性

对区间互补判断矩阵的一致性进行研究,提出一种新的可接受一致性定义,将不满足可接受一致性的矩阵较容易地修正为可接受一致性矩阵.基于凸组合方法,一族明晰数互补判断矩阵的权重向量可被用来求取可接受一致性区间互补判断矩阵的区间权重,并提出了求取可接受一致性区间互补判断矩阵区间权重向量的算法.数值例子显示了所提出的可接受一致性定义以及算法的可行性和有效性.     

石泉水库主汛期拦蓄洪尾超蓄运用的风险分析

针对水资源匮乏和汛期水库大量弃水的矛盾，提出了有效的解决途径——汛期通过适时拦蓄洪尾超蓄运用的方式来充分利用洪水资源。拦蓄洪尾超蓄运用存在一定的风险，本文就超蓄运用的风险因素进行了识别分析，并从水文频率分析角度提出了计算超蓄风险率的方法；通过对石泉水库不同超蓄水位的风险率进行计算，结合可接受风险率值，得出了该水库拦蓄洪尾超蓄运用的期望水位。     

采用置信度风险测度的鲁棒发电计划模型及算法

针对大规模风电并网所带来的电网运行调度的不确定性及运行风险,提出基于置信度风险测度的鲁棒发电计划模型及求解算法。首先,提出一种新的风险测度—置信度风险测度（Risk_α）,对于既定置信度α及相应的风电功率预测区间,以弃风风险值与切负荷风险值的和构成置信度综合风险测度,以量化风电实际功率超出风电可接纳域的风险。在此基础上,以发电成本和置信度风险之和最小为优化目标,构建计及置信度风险测度的鲁棒发电计划模型及分解求解算法,同时优化机组组合决策和风电可接纳域,使得所制定的发电计划方案实现经济性和运行风险之间的均衡。最后,通过算例证明算法的正确性及有效性。     

石油化工项目环境风险评价方法

结合工作实践,对石油化工项目环境风险评价程序中环境风险事故类型识别、风险分析、风险事故后果计算、风险最大可接受水平以及环境风险事故的防范措施应急预案等方面的评价方法进行了论述.     

Psychophysical basis for maximum pushing and pulling forces: A review and recommendations

The objective of this paper was to perform a comprehensive review of psychophysically determined maximum acceptable pushing and pulling forces. Factors affecting pushing and pulling forces are identified and discussed. Recent studies show a significant decrease (compared to previous studies) in maximum acceptable forces for males but not for females when pushing and pulling on a treadmill. A comparison of pushing and pulling forces measured using a high inertia cart with those measured on a treadmill shows that the pushing and pulling forces using high inertia cart are higher for males but are about the same for females. It is concluded that the recommendations of Snook and Ciriello (1991) for pushing and pulling forces are still valid and provide reasonable recommendations for ergonomics practitioners. Regression equations as a function of handle height, frequency of exertion and pushing/pulling distance are provided to estimate maximum initial and sustained forces for pushing and pulling acceptable to 75% male and female workers.     

The psychophysical lifting capacities of Chinese subjects

The psychophysical lifting capacity (MAWL) of twelve subjects was determined in this study. The subjects were all young Chinese males who performed lifting tasks in three lifting ranges (floor to knuckle, floor to shoulder, and knuckle to shoulder) and four lifting frequencies (one-time maximum, 1 lift/min, 4 lifts/min, and 6 lifts/min). The oxygen uptake (1/min) and heart rate (beats/min) were recorded while subjects were lifting. Upon completion of each lifting task, the subjects were required to rate their perceived exertion levels. The statistical analyses results indicated the following. Chinese subjects have smaller body size and MAWLs compared with past studies using the US population. The MAWLs decreased with an increase in lifting frequencies. The decrements of MAWL due to lifting frequencies were in agreement with the results of past studies. However, there were larger decreases due to lifting ranges. The MAWLs of the floor to knuckle height lift were the largest, followed by the MAWLs of the floor to shoulder height lift, and the MAWLs of the knuckle to shoulder height lift. The measured physiological responses were considered similar to those obtained in past studies. Subjects' perceived stress levels increased with the lifting frequency and the upper extremities received the most stress for the total range of lifting tasks. The comparisons of the Chinese MAWLs with the NIOSH lifting guidelines for limits (AL and MPL) indicated that the vertical discounting factor in the guidelines should be modified before the NIOSH limits can be applied to non-Western populations.     

Equations to predict female manual arm strength based on hand location relative to the shoulder

The purpose of this study was to develop regression equations to predict manual arm strength for a wide variety of hand locations within the reach envelope. Maximum voluntary manual arm strength was determined from 71 female participants in six exertion directions (superior, inferior, anterior, posterior, medial and lateral), in a total of 28 hand locations. Forces ranged from 51.3 to 164.4 N, and had a pooled coefficient of variation of 29.9%. Across all 168 combinations of hand locations and exertion directions, the multivariate regression equations explained 92.5% of the variance and had a root mean square error (RMSE) of only 6.4 N, using only the anterior, lateral and vertical location of the hand relative to the active shoulder joint as inputs. These equations provide a proof-of-principle for our novel regression approach, and represent a first step towards a more comprehensive equation to estimate maximum acceptable forces for occupational tasks.