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减压渣油与FCC油浆共炭化的化学组成变化 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
考察了齐鲁石化胜利炼油厂催化油浆(FCC)和胜利减压渣油(VR)在490℃,0.8MPa下不同混合比的原料和不同反应时间的中间产物的HS、TS、PS、P及其1h中间产物的HS和TS的^1H-NMR。数据结果反映了体系的反应速度。掺入FCC油浆抑制了VR的反应活性,降低了体系的反应速度,增加了基质的溶解度;1h中间产物的组成结构更接近于原料及反应体系的反应性和基质的溶解度;1h中间产物的芳香度越高,取代基越少,侧链越短,基质对VR中的活性反应组分在炭化早期生成的高度缩合物质的溶解度越大。 相似文献
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Hiroto Imai Toshiyuki Ogawa Kazuo Sugimoto Masakazu Kataoka Yumo Tanaka Takehiko Ono 《Applied catalysis. B, Environmental》2005,55(4):259-265
The Co/MFI(SiO2/Al2O3 = 30) were prepared by a precipitation method with NaOCl in alkali solutions exhibited high activities to N2 at 250 °C for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx. These catalysts showed two UV–vis bands at 700 and 400 nm, indicating the presence of octahedral Co(III) as well as tetrahedral Co(II). The high SCR activity over such Co(III, II)/MFI(30) seems to come from Co(III)---O moieties. The Co(II)MFI(30) catalysts prepared from Co(II)Cl2 exhibited low SCR activities due to the presence of tetrahedral Co(II) ions in MFI. Less CO formation occurred over Co/MFI catalysts. The Fe/MFI(30) catalyst exhibited high activity due to the presence of some Fe---O species in MFI but more amount of CO were produced during SCR. H/MFI(30) catalyst exhibited a good SCR activity. However, more amount of carbonaceous deposits were produced on it. The correlation between acid concentration and SCR activity was discussed over H/MFIs. 相似文献
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The exact magnetization pattern of magnetic films close to a spin-reorientation transition is difficult to analyze due to the intrinsically three-dimensional (3d) variation of the orientation of the local magnetization. We present a technique how this can be performed, based on the analysis of high quality 2d polarization maps from a single scanning electron microscope with polarization analysis (SEMPA) measurement with tilted sample. The key tool is the statistical distribution of all occurring polarization doublets, visualized in a 2d histogram plot. From the shape of the distribution the type of transition—canted-phase, or coexisting phases—can be inferred. For the canted-phase state, the canting angle can be accurately determined from geometrical considerations. With help of the histogram the image data can be analyzed and the three components of the magnetization can be calculated for most points of the image. For a Co/Pt multilayer film we found a cone state. The magnetization forms a complex pattern consisting of out-of-plane domains while the in-plane magnetization shows a maze pattern. 相似文献
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Summary A derivation of a parallel algorithm for rank order filtering is presented. Both derivation and result differ from earlier designs: the derivations are less complicated and the result allows a number of different implementations. The same derivation is used to design a collection of priority queues. Both filters and priority queues are highly efficient: they have constant response time and small latency.
Anne Kaldewaij received an M.Sc. degree in Mathematics from the University of Utrecht (The Netherlands) and a Ph.D. degree in Computing Science from the Eindhoven University of Technology. Currently, he is associate professor in Computing Science at Eindhoven University. His research includes parallel programming and the design of algorithms and data structures. He enjoys teaching and he has written a number of textbooks on mathematics and programming.
Jan Tijmen Udding received an M.Sc. degree in Mathematics in 1980 and a Ph.D. degree in Computing Science in 1984 from Eindhoven University of Technology. Currently, he is associate professor at Groningen University. His main research interests are mathematical aspects of VLSI, program derivation and correctness, and functional programming. 相似文献
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M.A.R. Alves 《Microelectronics Journal》2005,36(1):51-54
We developed a process to obtain sharper silicon tips by employing anisotropic etching in a KOH solution followed by SF6 plasma etch. The tips were further sharpened using the established thermal oxidation technique to decrease the cone angle and, therefore, obtain smaller curvature radii. We have analyzed the impact of such changes in geometry on a figure of merit associated with the field emission characteristics. An increase in the figure of merit by a factor of three was found in relation to the tips before sharpening. 相似文献
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