A releaser pheromone that attracts methyltestosterone- treated immature fish in the urine of ovulated female rainbow trout

SUMMARY: Behavioral experiments concerning a releaser pheromone in the urine of female rainbow trout were performed using immature fish administered orally with 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) during the non-spawning season. The urine was collected by catheter. The frequency of entries of test fish was recorded in each channel scented by test and control solutions in a Y-maze trough. The behavior of both MT-treated and control fish demonstrated that they could not discriminate the differences between distilled and environmental water as control solutions. There was also no difference between MT-treated and control fish when distilled and environmental water were introduced. The MT-treated immature fish were attracted to the channel scented by ovulated female urine. Neither coelomic fluid nor the immature female urine had any effect on the behavioral responses of MT-treated fish, while immature control fish had no preference for the urine of ovulated females. These results suggest in rainbow trout that ovulated female urine contains a releaser pheromone to attract mature males, and that androgens are involved in the sensory mechanisms detecting the releaser pheromone in fish.     

大庆市畜禽粪便处理与利用状况的分析研究

根据大庆市畜牧业现状,分析了畜牧生产所产生的粪、尿数量及畜禽粪便对大庆市环境产生的压力,并对各区县进行了区划分析。分析了大庆市畜禽粪便处理的主要模式,以及利用程度,提出减少畜禽粪便污染的控制措施。     

Determination of uric acid in canine serum and urine by high performance liquid chromatography

A reproducible high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for analysis of uric acid in canine serum and urine. The method consists of precipitating serum proteins with phosphotungstic acid prior to HPLC analysis. Urine is analyzed after dilution with buffer. Chromatography is performed on a reversed-phase C-18 column with UV detection at 292 nm. Sensitivity of the method will allow reproducible measurement of uric acid at concentrations of 0.05 mg/dl in serum and 0.1 mg/dl in urine. The HPLC method has been used to quantify hundreds of canine serum and urine samples. The method is superior to UV absorption or colorimetric methods because its lower limit of detection allows measurement of uric acid at concentrations found in canine serum and urine.     

绵羊实验性乳酸酸中毒研究——Ⅲ.肾功能和尿液的改变

将12只2～3岁健康绵羊分为Ⅰ组(3只)、Ⅱ组(6只)和Ⅲ组(3只),分别按2.5,5.0,10.0 g/kg体重的剂量,向瘤胃内注入50%D—L消旋体乳酸溶液,各处理组均出现酸中毒症状.乳酸酸中毒时,肾脏的损伤程度与瘤胃内注入乳酸的剂量水平有关.各处理组瘤胃内注入乳酸后,尿素氮显著升高.第Ⅰ组尿液pH下降迅速,恢复亦快;第Ⅱ组尿液pH下降和回升均较缓慢,而且出现大量蛋白质和血液;第Ⅲ组尿液除见第Ⅰ、Ⅱ组的变化外,还出现肌红蛋白、酮体和尿胆素原.     

高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定尿中1-羟基芘

[目的]通过C18固相萃取小柱洗脱液浓缩与不浓缩试验对比,改进尿样中1-羟基芘的高效液相色谱-荧光检测器测定方法。[方法]取2组相同尿样,经酶避光水解后,通过C18固相萃取小柱进行富集,甲醇洗脱。一组对洗脱液进行氮吹浓缩后定容至1.5 ml,另一组直接洗脱定容至1.5 ml,然后,使用高效液相色谱-荧光检测器检测。以V乙腈∶V水=75∶25为流动相,等度洗脱,流速为1 ml/min,荧光检测器λex=275 nm,λem=430 nm。[结果]浓缩后测定的1-羟基芘的值为不浓缩测定值的72.9%～80.6%。利用不浓缩的酶水解高效液相色谱-荧光检测器法测定尿样中的1-羟基芘,检出限为0.02 ng/ml,在给定浓度范围内,1-羟基芘的峰面积与浓度有良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为y=2.404 1x-0.083(r=0.999 9),加标回收率为94.8%～108.7%,平均相对标准偏差为2.7%。[结论]不浓缩的酶水解高效液相色谱-荧光检测器法可用于测定尿样中的1-羟基芘,且该方法具有操作简单,灵敏度、精密度高,重现性、回收率好的特点。     

中西医结合治疗慢性肾小球肾炎38例疗效观察

目的 观察中西医结合治疗慢性肾小球肾炎疗效。方法 76例患者随机分成治疗组和对照组各38例,对照组予西医常规治疗方法,治疗组在对照组基础上给予中药治疗,治疗3个月后观察24 h尿蛋白定量、尿红细胞数、血肌酐、血尿素氮变化情况。结果 治疗组总有效率92.1%,明显高于对照组65.8%（P<0.05）;治疗组治疗前后及治疗后与对照组比较,24 h尿蛋白定量、尿红细胞数有明显降低（P<0.01）;肌酐有明显降低（P<0.05）。结论 中西医结合治疗慢性肾小球肾炎有明显优势。     

黄立中教授运用伏龙肝治疗恶性肿瘤并发难治性出血验案赏析

出血证临床常见,常规中西医治疗都能取得较好疗效,但难治性出血则较为棘手。介绍恶性肿瘤并发咳血、尿血两则案例,均是迁延不愈且出血量较大,西医各种抗纤溶类、纤维蛋白酶、垂体后叶素等止血药物和血管栓塞止血无效,黄立中教授使用大剂量伏龙肝治疗而血止,疗效显著。伏龙肝具有温阳止血,止呕,止泻的功效。黄教授止咳血取其降气降火止血,止尿血取其温阳固摄止血。取意不同,反效同归,诚乃可师可法。     

简易膀胱容量压力测定技术的正交试验研究及在神经源膀胱管理中的效果观察

目的 观察简易膀胱容量压力测定技术在神经源性膀胱管理中的应用效果。方法 将40例神经源性膀胱患者随机分为对照组和试验组各20例,对照组常规依据患者膀胱残余尿量定间歇导尿时间和频次,试验组通过优化的简易膀胱测容量压力测定确定患者膀胱安全容量,依据膀胱安全容量及残余尿量确定间歇导尿时间和频次。观察两组患者的初次排尿时间、结束间歇导尿时间、膀胱容量、残余尿量及泌尿系感染情况。结果 试验组患者初次排尿时间和结束间歇导尿时间都早于对照组(P＜0.01);膀胱容量更接近正常成人,残余尿量小于对照组(P＜0.01);试验组患者尿路感染率明显低于对照组,有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 神经源性膀胱患者依据优化的膀胱容量压力测定技术确定膀胱安全容量结合残余尿量进行间歇导尿更安全、有效。