双斑东方鲀三倍体育苗生产性研究

采用温度休克方法诱导双斑东方鲀三倍体,在水温18-20℃条件下,卵受精后5分钟用40℃的水处理双斑东方鲀受精卵10分钟,三倍体诱导率100％,孵化率相对诱导量达25％;育苗采用前期室内工厂化培育与后期土池培育相结合方法,培育出全为三倍体(体长3 cm以上)苗种5．8万尾,对应孵出苗量,成活率为34．6％。     

高温胁迫下绿豆象内参基因筛选及其Hsp70基因的表达特性

为明确Hsp70蛋白在绿豆象Callosobruchus chinensis高温耐受性中的作用,该研究筛选并克隆β-actin、α-tubulin、β-tubulin、EF1-α、GAPDH、Hsc70、AK和RPL40八个候选内参基因,采用实时荧光定量PCR(quantitative real-time PCR,qPCR)技术测定其在绿豆象雌雄成虫体内的表达量,通过geNorm、BestKeeperr和NormFinde软件对这8个候选内参基因的表达稳定性进行评价,选择最适宜的内参基因对不同高温胁迫下绿豆象体内Hsp70基因的表达特性进行测定。结果表明,8个候选基因引物均有良好的特异性和引物扩增效率,引物扩增效率介于91.6%～108.1%之间。高温胁迫下,β-tubulin基因较其他7个候选基因有较小的平均变异度、稳定值和标准差,为最适宜的内参基因。39、42和45℃高温处理1 h后绿豆象雌雄成虫体内Hsp70表达水平较对照显著上调,当处理时间延长至3 h后,Hsp70基因的相对表达量较对照也有不同程度上调,但差异不显著,表明绿豆象Hsp70基因可以响应高温胁迫,Hsp70蛋白在绿...     

西花蓟马对高低温胁迫响应的转录组分析

为揭示西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis对温度的适应机制,采用高通量测序技术对低温（-13℃）、常温（26℃）和高温（40℃）胁迫1 h后西花蓟马进行转录组测序分析,筛选差异表达的unigenes,并对其进行功能注释与相关代谢通路富集分析,同时随机选择8个西花蓟马耐热性相关unigenes进行实时荧光定量（real-time fluorescence quantification PCR,qRT-PCR）测定,以验证转录组测序数据的正确性。结果显示,转录组测序、组装后共获得79 516个unigenes,在NR和KEGG数据库中分别注释到28 675个和47 285个unigenes。40℃与26℃温度胁迫后差异表达的unigenes数量最多,为333个;-13℃与26℃温度胁迫后差异表达的unigenes最少,只有134个;40℃与-13℃温度胁迫后差异表达的unigenes为230个。差异表达的unigenes主要参与内质网蛋白合成和代谢通路等途径,其中有许多热激蛋白基因和细胞色素P450基因受到高低温胁迫后上调表达,表明这些unigenes可能参与西花蓟马应对极端温度的耐受性作用。随机筛选的8个差异表达unigenes的qRT-PCR结果与转录组测序结果一致,表明转录组数据可靠。     

辣木转录因子家族初步鉴定与分析

转录因子在转录水平上激活或抑制基因的表达,在植物生长发育、维持正常生理活动和响应内外部刺激等方面具有重要作用。随着辣木基因组组装的完成,本研究通过生物信息学的方法,对辣木中转录因子家族进行鉴定与初步分析,结果共筛选到1502个转录因子,分属86个家族。同时以拟南芥为参照,鉴定了43个受正选择作用的转录因子,这些正选择基因涉及植物生长发育的各个时期,与植物抗病、环境胁迫密切相关。对辣木HSF蛋白研究表明大部分蛋白的Hsf结构域相对保守,与拟南芥HSF家族蛋白构建系统发育树,发现辣木Hsf基因的分类与进化在一定程度上具有相关性。研究结果将为辣木的生长发育及环境胁迫应答机制提供分子基础。     

文蛤染色体核型及三倍体诱导的初步研究

文蛤染色体核型及三倍体诱导的初步研究ＡＰＲＥＬＩＭＩＮＡＲＹＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＴＨＥＫＡＲＹＯＴＹＰＥＡＮＤＴＲＩＰＬＯＩＤＩＮＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＩＮＭＥＲＥＴＲＩＸＭＥＲＥＴＲＩＸ常建波魏利平杨建敏宫向红孙逢贤（山东省海洋水产研究所，烟台２６４０００）Ｃｈ...     

热休克诱导马苏大麻哈鱼三倍体的初步研究

为探索马苏大麻哈鱼(Oncorhynchus masou)三倍体育种技术方法,更好地解决其个体小、生长慢和性成熟后死亡率高等问题,采用热休克法进行三倍体诱导实验,设4个诱导温度(24、26、28、30℃),2个起始诱导时间(15 min、20 min)和2个持续诱导时间(15 min、20 min)共分13个实验组和1个对照组。结果显示,13个实验组均能诱导出三倍体个体,而不同温度组的诱导率差异显著,分别为13.3%、31.65%、52.28%和78.81%(P<0.0.5)。随着温度的上升,孵化率呈显著降低的趋势。结果表明,温度是影响诱导成功的关键因素,利用热休克诱导受精卵制备陆封型马苏大麻哈鱼三倍体苗种的方法是可行的,三倍体诱导的最佳条件是:水温28℃,卵子受精后15 min持续处理20 min,发眼率(72.57±0.26)%,孵化率(60.92±0.31)%,三倍体率53.1%,综合诱导效果最佳。     

Effect of Se and VE Supplement on Semen Quality,Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Heat Shock Protein Expression of Goat in High Temperature Season

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of selenium and vitamin E supplement on semen quality, antioxidant enzyme activities and heat shock protein expression of goat in Hainan high temperature season.16 adult Hainan Black goat with good health and approximate weight were randomly divided into 4 groups, fed with basal diet(control group), basal diet+0.5 mg/kg Se(Se group), basal diet+100 mg/kg VE(VE group), and basal diet+0.5 mg/kg Se+100 mg/kg VE(Se+VE group), respectively.The experimental period was 93 d.Semen samples were collected in the last week of the experiment on two consecutive days.The semen quality, antioxidant enzyme activities and heat shock protein expression were analyzed.The results showed that compared with control group, the ejaculate volume was not significantly affected by Se or VE supplement(P>0.05).Sperm density and sperm motility were increased significantly by Se and VE supplement(P<0.05), and the abnormal rate was decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01).The goats fed with Se and VE also had higher activities of GSH-Px(P<0.01), SOD(P<0.05), CAT(P<0.05) and T-AOC(P<0.01), and lower MDA concentration in seminal plasma(P<0.05).The relative expression levels of HSP70 and HSP90 mRNA in supplement groups were decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01).However, there were some certain differences between the Se and VE supplement groups on semen quality and heat shock protein expression.In conclusion, the supplementation of Se and VE could help to improve goat semen quality by increasing the sperm density, sperm motility, the antioxidant enzyme activities, and decreasing the abnormal rate in hot season of Hainan.Finally, Se and VE supplement had good effects on relieving the environment heat stress.     

Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors and the intestine

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have long been used for the treatment of pain and inflammation because of their inhibitory effects on cyclooxygenase (COX). For almost as long as NSAIDs have been in use, multiple adverse effects have been noted. Assessment of many of these adverse effects have been complicated because of the discovery of multiple splice variants of the cox gene, and a greater array of COX inhibitors, especially the COX-2 selective inhibitors have become available. Some of these adverse effects cannot be readily explained by the effect of these drugs on COX. This has sparked a new field of investigation into the COX-independent effects of the COX inhibitors. The major noncyclooxygenase targets of the COX inhibitors of particular relevance to inflammation and the gastrointestinal tract are phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase Akt signaling, uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, PPARgamma, nuclear factor KB, mitogen activated protein kinases, and heat shock proteins.     

NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF SHOCK WAVE FOCUSING WITH CCW METHOD

By the use of a numerical scheme of chisnell-Chester-Whitham Method (CCW), some numerical solutions to the problems of shock wave focusing are completed successfully and simply.