硒和/或维生素E预防大鼠内皮细胞损伤的实验研究

用含硒（Ｓｅ０．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）和／或维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ０．６ｇ／ｋｇ）的高脂饲料喂养成年雄性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠１２周。结果：高脂对照组大鼠血浆前列腺素Ｆｌα（６－酮－ＰＧＦ１α）水平下降，而血清脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）、血浆血栓素（ＴＸＢ２）及内皮素（ＥＴ）水平上升；补Ｓｅ、ＶＥ及Ｓｅ＋ＶＥ可明显降低大鼠血清ＬＰＯ、血浆ＴＸＢ２、ＥＴ及ＴＸＢ２／６－酮－ＰＧＦ１α比值。同时，除了明显提高血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活力外，血浆６－酮－ＰＧＦ１α浓度明显升高。实验提示，Ｓｅ和／或ＶＥ有调节花生四烯酸代谢及保护内皮细胞的作用。     

镍作业工人细胞免疫功能、血清硒和过氧化脂质含量的变化

９６名镍作业工人测定结果：非特异酯酶阳性细胞百分率（ＡＮＡＥ＋％）为７６．８％±８．０％，Ｔ细胞亚群ＣＤ２、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８阳性细胞百分率（ＣＤ＋２％、ＣＤ＋４％、ＣＤ＋８％）及ＣＤ＋４／ＣＤ＋８比值分别为６５．６％±１０．５％、５６．３％±１２．１％、３４．３％±８．２％和１．７６±０．６；酵母多糖刺激的外周血多形核白细胞化学发光（ＰＭＮ－ＣＬ）本底和峰值分别为４８±２３和３０７３±６８４ＣＰＳ／１０６ＰＭＮ；血清硒和丙二醛含量分别为１．２２±０．２３和４．７６±０．８８μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。与非镍作业的地区对照组比较，Ｔ细胞ＣＤ＋８％增高，ＣＤ＋４／ＣＤ＋８比值下降，化学发光的本底值降低，峰值增加，血清Ｓｅ含量下降，丙二醛含量升高。分析镍作业工人工龄与后三项指标变化的关系，工龄大于２０年与小于１０年有统计学上明显差别。这些观察指标为镍作业人员医学观察增加新的监护指标提供依据。     

酵母硒对小鼠EAC瘤生长和抗氧化机能的影响

目的观察酵母硒对小鼠艾氏腹水瘤(EAC)生长及机体氧化机能的影响。方法将30只小鼠分为3组(对照组、低剂量酵母组和高剂量酵母组),酵母硒组小鼠通过灌胃的方法分别灌注酵母硒溶液,剂量分别为107μg/kg.BW.d和214μg/kg.BW.d,灌胃第13 d接种EAC,第23 d后测定小鼠肿瘤重和血清中丙二醛(M DA)含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(G SH-Px)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力。结果酵母硒可抑制小鼠EAC的生长,同时显著提高血清G SH-Px活性(P<0.05),极显著提高血清SOD活力(P<0.01),高剂量酵母硒降低血清M DA水平(P<0.05)。结论酵母硒可抑制小鼠移植肿瘤的生长,显著提高机体抗氧化能力。     

包头市区400名健康成年人发硒值测定

报告用巯基棉（ＳＣＦ）吸附富集分离──催化动力学法，测定了包头市区４００名１８～５５岁健康成年人发硒值。结果显示：发硒值的中位数（Ｍ）为０．７６ｍｇ／ｋｇ。男女分组分析，男性的Ｍ为０．６９ｍｇ／ｋｇ，女性Ｍ为０．８０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，男女两组间的差异无显著意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

In vivo and in vitro anti-tumour response of selenium-protein polysaccharide extracted from rich selenium Agaricus blazei

In this study, the anti-tumour activity of selenium-protein polysaccharide (SPP), a water extract of the rich selenium Agaricus blazei, was tested both in vivo and in vitro. The results of in vivo experiments show that SPP at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg inhibits proliferation of implanted Sarcoma 180 by 22 and 37.69%, respectively, and promotes lymphocyte transformation and natural killer (NK) cells activity in tumour bearing mice. During the in vitro experiment, we treated the tumour and non-tumour bearing mice with SPP, and prepared serum treated with SPP (Serum_SPP). The results show that Serum_SPP, whether from tumour or non-tumour bearing mice, significantly inhibits K562 cells proliferation and induces their apoptosis, and also significantly increases caspase-3 activity of K562 cells. However, the difference in anti-tumour activity of Serum_SPP between tumour and non-tumour bearing mice is significantly different (p<0.01). The results, according to the studies both in vivo and in vitro, imply that SPP extracted from rich selenium A. blazei can inhibit growth of implanted Sarcoma 180 and promote lymphocyte transformation and NK cells activity in vivo. Additionally, Serum_SPP can inhibit proliferation and cause apoptotic morphological changes and the fragmentation of internucleosomal DNA, and increase caspase-3 activity of K562 cells in vitro, which indicates that apoptosis of K562 cells induced by Serum_SPP may be related to up-regulation of caspase-3.     

Dietary Habits,Selenium, Copper,Zinc and Total Antioxidant Status in Serum in Relation to Cognitive Functions of Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the neurodegenerative process and can impair cognitive functions. In the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), an adequate consumption of dietary antioxidants may be a major factor. The objective of the study was to estimate selenium (Se), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and total antioxidant status (TAS) in the serum of patients with AD in relation to their cognitive functions and dietary habits. A total of 110 patients (aged 54–93 years) with early or moderate AD, as well as 60 healthy people (aged 52–83 years) were studied. The severity of the disease was assessed using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scale. Food-frequency questionnaires were implemented to collect the dietary data. The concentrations of Se, Cu and Zn in the sera were determined by the atomic absorption spectrometry method. TAS was estimated spectrophotometrically using ready-made kits (Randox). Significantly lower concentrations of Se, Zn and TAS, and higher Cu:Zn ratio in the serum of patients with AD, compared to healthy people, were observed. A low correlation between the MMSE score and TAS in the serum of AD patients and significantly higher MMSE values in patients with TAS above the reference range were also noted. In patients with serum Cu concentration above the norm, significantly lower MMSE values were found. Selected dietary habits such as the frequency of consumption of various food products had a significant impact on the concentration of the assessed parameters in the serum of people with AD.     

Dietary Factors and Prostate Cancer Development,Progression, and Reduction

Due to the constantly increasing number of cases, prostate cancer has become one of the most important health problems of modern societies. This review presents the current knowledge regarding the role of nutrients and foodstuff consumption in the etiology and development of prostate malignancies, including the potential mechanisms of action. The results of several in vivo and in vitro laboratory experiments as well as those reported by the clinical and epidemiological research studies carried out around the world were analyzed. The outcomes of these studies clearly show the influence of both nutrients and food products on the etiology and prevention of prostate cancer. Consumption of certain nutrients (saturated and trans fatty acids) and food products (e.g., processed meat products) leads to the disruption of prostate hormonal regulation, induction of oxidative stress and inflammation, and alteration of growth factor signaling and lipid metabolism, which all contribute to prostate carcinogenesis. On the other hand, a high consumption of vegetables, fruits, fish, and whole grain products exerts protective and/or therapeutic effects. Special bioactive functions are assigned to compounds such as flavonoids, stilbenes, and lycopene. Since the influence of nutrients and dietary pattern is a modifiable risk factor in the development and prevention of prostate cancer, awareness of the beneficial and harmful effects of individual food ingredients is of great importance in the global strategy against prostate cancer.     

Dietary Supplementation with Selenium and Coenzyme Q10 Prevents Increase in Plasma D-Dimer While Lowering Cardiovascular Mortality in an Elderly Swedish Population

A low intake of selenium is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. This could be reduced by supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q₁₀. D-dimer, a fragment of fibrin mirroring fibrinolysis, is a biomarker of thromboembolism, increased inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and is associated with cardiovascular mortality in ischemic heart disease. The objective was to examine the impact of selenium and coenzyme Q₁₀ on the level of D-dimer, and its relationship to cardiovascular mortality. D-dimer was measured in 213 individuals at the start and after 48 months of a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial with selenium yeast (200 µg/day) and coenzyme Q₁₀ (200 mg/day) (n = 106) or placebo (n = 107). The follow-up time was 4.9 years. All included individuals were low in selenium (mean 67 μg/L, SD 16.8). The differences in D-dimer concentration were evaluated by the use of T-tests, repeated measures of variance and ANCOVA analyses. At the end, a significantly lower D-dimer concentration was observed in the active treatment group in comparison with those on placebo (p = 0.006). Although D-dimer values at baseline were weakly associated with high-sensitive CRP, while being more strongly associated with soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 and sP-selectin, controlling for these in the analysis there was an independent effect on D-dimer. In participants with a D-dimer level above median at baseline, the supplementation resulted in significantly lower cardiovascular mortality compared to those on placebo (p = 0.014). All results were validated with a persisting significant difference between the two groups. Therefore, supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q₁₀ in a group of elderly low in selenium and coenzyme Q₁₀ prevented an increase in D-dimer and reduced the risk of cardiovascular mortality in comparison with the placebo group. The obtained results also illustrate important associations between inflammation, endothelial function and cardiovascular risk.     

Determination of trace selenium in human body by anodic stripping voltammetry at gold-disc electrode

Summary For determination of trace Se we used high-pressure wet digester to pretreat the specimens obtained from the human body. This method is very effective in preventing loss of Se by volatilization which often occurs in the sample pretreatment. We studied the method of using anodic stripping voltammetry at gold-disc electrode to measure the trace Se present in the human body and found it to be the optimal procedure. The detection limitation was about 2x10⁻⁸ g/L, the recovery rate of Se about 96.6±6,7 % , and the coefficient of variation CV = 7.0%.     

硒对大鼠肝细胞DNA损伤的体内体外研究

应用单细胞凝胶电泳研究了一定剂量的亚硒酸钠对离体和在体大鼠肝细胞 DNA损伤的作用。结果表明 :在2 .185、 4.375、 8.75 0、 17.5 0 0、 35 .0 0 0 μmol/ L 的剂量条件下 ,除 2 .185 μmol/ L 的剂量外 ,其余剂量的亚硒酸钠均可引起离体大鼠肝细胞 DNA损伤。 5、 10、 2 0 μmol/ kg的亚硒酸钠也可引起在体大鼠肝细胞 DNA损伤。亚硒酸钠引起的离体和在体大鼠肝细胞 DNA损伤均存在明显的剂量 -反应关系。研究结果提示 ,一定剂量的亚硒酸钠能引起离体和在体大鼠肝细胞 DNA损伤