紫杉醇脂质体治疗非小细胞肺癌患者疗效与安全性的meta分析

目的:评价紫杉醇脂质体(LEP)治疗非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效和安全性。方法:检索Medline、Embase、PubMed、万方和中国期刊全文数据库(检索时间均为1980年至2011年7月31日)以及Cochrane图书馆系统评价和临床对照试验数据库(2011年第2期),收集以紫杉醇(PTX)为对照的LET治疗NSCLC的随机对照试验。根据纳入标准对文献进行筛选和评估,并进行meta分析,比较LEP与PTX治疗NSCLC的有效率和不良反应发生率,结果以相对危险系数(RR)、比值比(OR)及其95%可信区间(CI)表示。结果:共检索到相关文献1057篇,经筛选最终纳入符合标准的文献1 1篇,共有NSCLC患者627例,其中LEP组329例,PTX组298例。meta分析结果显示,治疗有效率2组之间差异无统计学意义(RR=1.16,95%CI为0.93～1.46,P=0.19);白细胞减少、血小板减少、贫血以及脱发发生率2组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而恶心呕吐、皮疹、肌肉痛、周围神经炎和呼吸困难发生率LEP组均低于PTX组,其OR(95%CI)分别为0.48(0.33～0.69)、0.17(0.08～0.40)、0.23(、0.15～0.35)、0.41(0.21～0.81)和0.18(0.06～0.50),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论:LEP具有与PTX相似的疗效,但较PTX有更好的安全性。     

内镜下胰腺包裹性坏死物质清除术的中西医结合护理体会

目的 探讨中西医结合护理模式在内镜下胰腺包裹性坏死物质清除术中的应用.方法 10例重症胰腺炎胰腺包裹性坏死患者行内镜下包裹性坏死清创引流术,围手术期应用中西医结合的护理模式,观察治疗成功率及并发症情况.西医的特色护理主要是术中的护理配合,中医的特色护理是综合使用穴位按摩、针灸、中药等中医学手段,改善患者的术前精神状况、...     

经阴道彩超引导穿刺治疗盆腔包裹性积液

目的:观察经阴道彩超引导穿刺治疗妇科盆腔包裹性积液疗效并总结开展该疗法的经验。方法:用该法治疗盆腔包裹性积液68例。尽量抽尽积液后用生理盐水反复冲洗并根据具体情况注入抗生素;其中同时注入抗粘连药物15例。术后1个月～3个月后复查,随访3个月～2a。结果:治疗后3个月复查68例中48例积液消失,20例盆腔包襄性积液均有不同程度缩小,其中直径缩小1/2以上有15例,有效率100%。结论:用该法治疗妇科盆腔包裹性积液简便安全、经济,患者痛苦少,疗效确切。     

Construction of a eukaryotic expression plasmid for human retina-derived neurotrophin-3

Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) can promote the repair of central nervous system and retinal damage. In previous reports, NT-3 has been expressed by viral vectors. However, plasmid vectors have a safer profile compared with viral vectors in clinical studies. This study recombined amplified human retinal NT-3 with a eukaryotic expression plasmid containing green fluorescent protein (GFP) to construct an NT-3 expression plasmid, pEGFP-N1-NT-3. The transfection efficiency 48 hours after pEGFP-N1-NT-3 transfection to 293T cells was 50.06 ± 2.78%. Abundant NT-3-GFP was expressed in 293T cells as observed by fluorescence microscopy, suggesting the construct pEGFP-N1-NT-3 effectively expressed and secreted NT-3-GFP. Secretory vesicles containing NT-3-GFP were observed in a constant location in cells by laser scan confocal microscopy, indicating the expression and secretion processes of NT-3 in eukaryotic cells were in accordance with the physical synthesis processes of secreted proteins. Western blot assay showed that pro-NT-3-GFP had a molecular weight of 56 kDa, further confirming NT-3-GFP expression. At 48 hours after transfection, the concentration of NT-3 in culture medium was 22.3 ng/mL, suggesting NT-3 produced by pEGFP-N1-NT-3 was efficiently secreted. This study constructed a human retinal-derived NT-3 eukaryotic expression plasmid that efficiently expressed and secreted NT-3.     

Liposome‐Encapsulated Hemoglobin Accelerates Bronchial Healing After Pneumonectomy in the Rat With or Without Preoperative Radiotherapy

Liposome‐encapsulated hemoglobin (LEH) has been reported to accelerate wound healing in the stomach and skin in an experimental setting. LEH was tested in bronchial anastomotic healing after radiation and pneumonectomy in the rat. Sprague‐Dawley rats (n = 61) received preoperative radiation (20 Gy) to the chest and underwent left pneumonectomy with bronchial stump closure using the Sweet method 4 days later, when they were randomized to receive intravenous infusion of LEH with high O₂ affinity (P₅₀O₂ = 17 mm Hg, 10 mL/kg, n = 32) or saline (n = 29). Additional rats (n = 18) were treated in the same way without preoperative radiation. Bronchial anastomotic healing was evaluated 2 days after surgery by determining the bursting pressure and infiltration of neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages. Bronchial bursting pressure was elevated in the rats receiving LEH both in the unirradiated group (LEH 212 ± 78 vs. saline 135 ± 63 mm Hg, P < 0.05) and in rats with preoperative radiation (LEH 162 ± 48 vs. saline 116 ± 56 mm Hg, P < 0.01). Moreover, the percentage of rats with bursting pressure <100 mm Hg tended to be smaller in the unirradiated group (LEH 1/9 [11.1%] vs. saline 4/9 [44.4%], NS) and was significantly reduced in irradiated animals (LEH 3/32 [9.4%] vs. saline 11/29 [38%], P < 0.05). There were no morphological differences except for macrophage infiltration to the anastomotic area, which was significantly prominent in the LEH‐treated rats (P < 0.05) regardless of the presence or absence of preoperative irradiation (IR). The results suggest that LEH with high O₂ affinity may improve mechanical strength and morphological findings in bronchial anastomosis in rats regardless of the presence or absence of preoperative IR. The irradiated rats later treated with LEH had equivalent or better bronchial healing than that of saline‐treated naïve animals undergoing pneumonectomy alone.     

胸腔内置管腔内注射尿激酶治疗包裹性积液的临床疗效分析简

目的 探究胸腔内置管腔内注射尿激酶治疗包裹性积液的临床疗效.方法 选取自2012年4月～2013年03月我院收治的包裹性胸腔积液患者100例,每组50例.观察组采用胸腔内置管联合腔内注射尿激素,对照组采用常规胸穿,观察两组患者的疗效及并发症等情况.结果 观察组患者的胸腔积液引流量明显高于对照组,观察组并发症较对照组少很多,观察组患者有效率为92.0%,明显高于对照组56.0%,P＜0.05,具有统计学意义.结论 胸腔内置管联合腔内注射尿激素在包裹性胸腔积液患者的治疗中疗效好,值得推广应用.     

Intrauterine fertilization capsules—A clinical trial

Treatment of 26 women with tubal infertility was attempted using intrauterine capsules loaded with oocytes and spermatozoa. The stimulation protocol was as used for in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer and consisted of short-term use of Buserelin, human menopausal gonadotropin, and human chorionic gonadotropin. Oocytes were collected by ultrasonically guided transvaginal aspiration, and spermatozoa were prepared by swim-up technique. The gametes were placed in agar capsules 4 hr after oocyte collection, and the capsules were introduced to the uterine fundus using an insertion tube and piston from an intrauterine device. Six complete capsules and parts of two other capsules were expelled. None of the women became pregnant, compared with a pregnancy rate of 21% per aspiration following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer during the same period.     

A new liposomal liver-specific contrast agent for CT: first human phase-I clinical trial assessing efficacy and safety

In this first clinical trial liposome-encapsulated iodixanol, CT particles (CTP) were studied. The aims of the present trial were to assess the efficacy of CTP in CT and to determine the safety of different doses of CTP. A total of 47 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the present study. The CTP was administered at doses 10, 30, 70 and 100 mg encapsulated I/kg bw. Efficacy was assessed using single-slice CT of the abdomen and evaluated by dose-response attenuation curves over time in liver, spleen, and abdominal vessels. Safety was assessed by blood tests, clinical examinations and recording of subjective adverse events (AE). The attenuations in liver tissue increased with the dose and maximal values above baseline were 20, 39 and 45 HU at the doses 30, 70 and 100 mg encapsulated I/kg bw, respectively. Maximal increases were seen 12.5 min after contrast administration. As for liver, the attenuations in spleen increased with the dose, but higher attenuations were obtained. In early images clinically significant enhancement was seen in abdominal vessels. Mild and moderate subjective AE were encountered at the doses 70 and 100 mg encapsulated I/kg bw. The CTP is efficacious in enhancing hepatic and splenic tissues and in early imaging of abdominal vessels. Adverse event precludes a clinical use of CTP in the current formulation. Received: 13 June 2000 Revised: 11 September 2000 Accepted: 14 September 2000     

栅状有包膜神经瘤一例

摘要：报道一例栅状有包膜神经瘤,患者女,34岁,上唇皮疹5年。根据临床和组织病理改变诊断为皮肤栅状包囊性神经瘤。     

Generation of Ag Nanoparticles by PAMAM Dendrimers and their Size Dependence on the Aggregation Behavior of Dendrimers

Stable silver nanoparticles were generated in aqueous medium by amine, hydroxy and carboxylate terminated poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers in the absence of conventional reducing agents and light irradiation. Mechanistic studies suggest that, in spite of their lower pK_a values, tertiary amines present in the dendritic structures act as the reducing agent. Dynamic light scattering and electron microscopic studies reveal that PAMAM dendrimers aggregate in presence of silver ions and the aggregation propensity plays a pivotal role in altering the size and shape of the nanoparticles generated in the dendritic milieu. The formation of metal nanoparticles with uniform size and shape by amine terminated PAMAM dendrimer is attributed to the unique aggregation propensity of amine terminated PAMAM.