A Novel Nomogram to Identify Candidates for Extended Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection Among Patients with Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer Diagnosed with Magnetic Resonance Imaging-targeted and Systematic Biopsies

Background

Available models for predicting lymph node invasion (LNI) in prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) might not be applicable to men diagnosed via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted biopsies.

nm23-H1基因转染对人胆管癌细胞系QBC939体外浸润能力的影响

目的：探讨nm23-H1基因转染对人胆管癌细胞系QBC939体外浸润能力的影响。方法：将含有全长nm23-H1 cDNA的真核表达载体通过脂腩体法转染人胆管癌细胞系。结果：转染成功的QBC939细胞，其nm23-Hl基因的mRNA、蛋白表达明显增加，转染nm23-H1基因的胆管癌细胞体外浸润能力下降，穿越matrigel的细胞数明显低于亲本QBC939细胞，代表浸润能力的IV型胶原酶（MMP-9）分泌量下降。结论：nm23-Hl基因可以抑制胆管癌细胞的体外浸润能力。     

同种异体骨支撑架微创治疗股骨头坏死的临床研究

目的应用改良髓芯减压术结合同种异体骨支撑架加自体骨和脱钙骨基质（decalcified bone matrix，DBM）治疗早期股骨头坏死，探索早期股骨头坏死的微创治疗方法。方法2004年1月～2005年4月，23例24个髋关节采用经大转子下通过股骨颈钻隧道至股骨头骨坏死区，将装有自体松质骨和DBM的同种异体骨支撑架经隧道拧入骨坏死区直至软骨下骨约5mm处，隧道远端用自体髂骨填塞。观察手术前后Harris评分变化、x线影像学表现及是否需进一步治疗。结果本组所有患者均获得随访，平均随访19（12—27）个月，以最后一次随访资料作为最终评价依据。Harris评分，术前优良率为43．5％（10／23）。术后优良率为91．3％（21／23）。22侧髋关节影像学表现保持稳定，无明显并发症发生。结论同种异体骨支撑架植入结合自体松质骨和DBM治疗成人股骨头坏死，增加了股骨头负重区软骨下骨的机械支撑，成骨作用强，有利于股骨头坏死的修复与重建，同时，不破坏患者股骨头本身的血液供应，创伤小，操作简单，值得临床推广使用。     

腹腔镜辅助子宫肌瘤剔除术30例手术体会

目的：观察腹腔镜辅助子宫肌瘤剔除术的疗效,探讨腹腔镜辅助子宫肌瘤剔除术的可行性。方法：回顾性分析我院2008年全年30例子宫肌瘤患者的手术方法及手术结果。结果：30例患者全部治愈,平均手术时间78min,术后患者指征数据佳。结论：腹腔镜辅助子宫肌瘤剔除术综合了经典开腹及微创手术的优点,可以提倡。     

Planning for minimally invasive unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is considered the treatment of choice in patients with single compartment arthritis of the knee at early stages or with osteonecrosis limited to one compartment. However, results in the literature are still controversial and it is a technically difficult procedure. The main goal of UKA is to restore the articular space of the afflicted compartment, without influencing the limb alignment. Selection of patients and pre-operative planning are crucial. The necessity to improve functional results and to reduce immobilization of the patients has led to the development of minimally invasive surgery. Applied to UKA, this approach reduces blood loss and surgical time, causes fewer symptomatic postoperative complications, and permits earlier recovery compared to the traditional incision. The shorter incision makes careful pre-operative planning essential. We briefly review the indications for UKA, the pre-operative clinical and radiological assessment, and the surgical procedure. Proocedings of the Consensus Conference “TSS in hip and knee replacement” (Rapallo, Italy 22–24 June 2006)     

Influences of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis on cancerous invasion in experimentally induced tongue carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Although it is clear that dissemination via the blood system involves angiogenesis, it is uncertain whether tumors also induce lymphangiogenesis or simply invade existing peritumoral vessels. The purpose of this study was to elucidate changes in tumor blood and lymph vessels in cases involving the invasion of squamous cell carcinoma in the oral cavity, and its significance. Blood and lymph vessels densities in tongue carcinomas induced in hamsters were investigated. METHODS: Tongue cancer was induced by abrading the right margin of the tongue of each hamster with an endodontic barbed broach and subsequently applying 1.0% 9,10-dimenthl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA) dissolved in acetone, three times a week, at the same site. Fresh frozen sections were prepared and blood vessels stained blue by perfusion with Coomassie Brilliant Blue and lymph vessels stained brown for 5'-nucleotidase. The effects on the blood vessels and lymph vessels were observed. RESULTS: The results showed that blood and lymph vessel densities were greater in the advanced carcinoma tissues than in normal tissue. These were compared in terms of the mode of cancer invasion. As tumor invasion progressed, the blood vessel density decreased but lymph vessel density tended to be higher in high-degree tumor invasion than in low-degree tumor invasion. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C was seen more frequently as tumor invasion progressed. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings indicated that angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are affected by cancerous invasion.     

Migratory, invasive and metastatic capacity of NCAM transfected rat glioma cells

A cDNA encoding a transmembrane 140 kDa isoform of the neural cell adhesion molecule, NCAM, was transfected into the rat glioma cell line BT4Cn. Transfectants with a homogeneously high expression of NCAM-B showed a decreased capacity for penetration of an artificial basement membrane when compared to cells transfected with expression-vector alone or untransfected cells. However, when injected subcutaneously into nude mice, both NCAM expressing cells and control cells produced invasive tumors. Nude mice injected with NCAM positive cells developed tumors with slower growth rates as compared to those induced by NCAM negative cells. This implies that NCAM may not only be involved in adhesive and motile behaviour of glioma cells, but also in their growth regulation.     

关节镜辅助下微创经皮螺钉内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折

目的:探讨关节镜辅助下微创经皮螺钉内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折的可行性及疗效。方法:自2001年1月-2005年1月,应用膝关节镜检查及监测下经皮螺钉内固定治疗胫骨平台骨折27例,按照Schatzker分类法:Ⅰ型9例,Ⅱ型8例,Ⅲ型5例,Ⅳ型5例。所有病例均行经皮骨折有限显露复位,适当植骨,应用1~3枚松质骨拉力螺钉内固定,术后配合CPM功能锻炼。结果:本组随访6~24个月,平均15个月。骨折临床愈合时间3~4个月,平均3·5个月。无畸形愈合、感染、螺钉断裂。按Sanders膝关节功能评分法评定结果:优12例,良11例,中3例,差1例,优良率85·2%。结论:关节镜辅助经皮螺钉内固定是治疗胫骨平台骨折的有效方法之一,其对膝关节创伤小,可达解剖复位,固定可靠,患肢功能恢复好,并发症少。     

Overexpression of the 18A2/mts1 gene and down–regulation of the TIMP–2 gene in invasive human glioma cell lines in vitro

Invasion of the reconstituted extracellular matrix composite, Matrigel, by eight human glioma–derived cell lines and human fetal brain cells was assessed in vitro using 8 um polycarbonate filters in a modified Boyden migration chamber. With the exception of one low grade glioma derived cell line, all lines studied proved to be invasive while normal fetal brain cells failed to invade. This invasive potential was independent of the histological grade of the tumour from which the cell lines originated. In addition, the expression of the metastasis–associated gene 18A2lmts1 as well as the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases–2 (TIMP–2) was analysed in each of the glioma–derived cell lines. The 18A2/mtsl was expressed in all the cells studied with the exception of fetal brain cells and the low grade non–invasive glioma derived IPRK–7 cell line. The 18A2/mtsl related genes coding for the S100 subfamily of calcium binding proteins were found to be differentially and overexpressed in invasive cell lines. TIMP–2 was expressed only in noninvasive cell lines. These results suggest that the 18A2/ mtsl and TIMP–2 genes could play an important role in the invasive behaviour of human glioma cells in vitro. .