A new ‘tailor-made’ methodology for the mechanical behaviour analysis of rubber-like materials: I. Kinematics measurements using a digital speckle extensometry

This paper is the first part of a work devoted to the setting-up of a methodology for the mechanical behaviour characterization of rubber-like materials, using a digital speckle extensometer. We present here the experimental approach, specific to large strain measurements. The proposed method is based on in-plane kinematics measurements using an optical extensometer. The whole two-dimensional field of in-plane displacements is obtained by a digital image processing. We discuss then the correlation calculations and how to achieve the optimal subset matching. Next, we specify how to derive the principal stretch ratios, and the accuracy on these components, issued from a subsequent numerical calibration.Finally, we present experimental data dealing with a carbon black, filled natural rubber, issued from uniaxial traction tests, pure shear tests, and tensile tests performed on double-edge notched tensile specimens.     

激光散斑干涉法测定干涉螺接孔边应力分布

本文提出一种测量孔边干涉螺接应力分布的新实验方法,用激光散斑干涉技术测量出由干涉螺接应力形成的孔周位移场分布,进而确定孔这应力分布,在保证测量精度同时,该方法体现出了简单,实用,有效等优点。     

基于Matlab的数字散斑干涉图像处理

数字散斑干涉技术(DSPI)是一种高精度的光学测量技术,它适用于物体的形变及位移测量。因为其具有较高的测量精度,所以在航空航天、工业检测和生物医学等精度要求较高的领域都得到了广泛的应用。在数字散斑干涉技术中,条纹图像的处理是十分重要的。本文介绍了利用Matlab对散斑图像进行处理的各种方法和实际效果,包括令两幅图灰度值相减得到条纹图,图像的灰度增强处理,滤波处理,二值化处理和条纹的细化处理,最后提取出较清晰的条纹骨架线,为后续处理工作提供了基础。     

应用数字散斑技术的沥青混合料劈裂应变研究

采用数字散斑相关方法对沥青混合料试件间接拉伸试验中的拉伸应变进行研究.通过程序模拟散斑图的拉伸试验,得出所用数字散斑相关方法处理程序可用,且具有很高精度;通过与应变片测量法、计算法的比较和分析得出数字散斑相关方法的有效性.结果表明,数字散斑相关方法用于测量间接拉伸应变有效可行.     

电子剪切散斑技术在木材无损检测中的应用

复合板材及木制品等表面或内部的缺陷对材料性能有很大影响,如何快速准确地对其进行无损检测,并判断缺陷的位置大小是很有意义的.针对松木板试件,通过预置表面和内部隐藏缺陷来近似模拟实际缺陷情况,提出一种基于剪切散斑干涉技术的木材无损检测技术新方法,实现了对松木试件的无损检测.在表面缺陷的检测中讨论了剪切量对结果的影响,利用像素标定的方法,得到直径为6、5、3mm的缺陷信息;在内部隐藏缺陷检测中,借助热加载技术同时引入相移技术使剪切散斑检测技术不仅具有非接触、全场实时检测等特点,而且完成对内部隐藏近表面缺陷的定量无损检测.整个检测过程光路简单,实时快速,实验结果与实际情况符合较好.     

New soft morphological parameterized symmetric logarithmic image processing filtering algorithm

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging has the inherent random speckle noise, which seriously affects the quality of the SAR image, and it is very important to study the suppression of the speckle noise. In view of the fact that the traditional spot noise suppression method could not remove speckle noise while protecting the image texture information, a novel filtering algorithm is proposed based on the soft morphological and parameterized symmetric logarithmic image processing model. The proposed algorithm combines the flexibility of the order-statistic soft morphological operations and the characteristic of the parameterized symmetric logarithmic image processing model which establishes a parameterized symmetric structure processing part of the image, which can suppress speckle noise while protecting the texture information on the image. In order to validate the despecking performance of the proposed algorithm, we compare the effect of the filter with some of the existing filtering algorithms, and use some of the image evaluation parameters of the suppress speckle noise image to evaluate the performance of the SMPSLIP filtering algorithm. Experimental results show the effectiveness of this algorithm.     

基于阈值的彩色目标图像的提取与测量

幅彩色图像提供了很多不同的信息,但是为了更好地研究我们所感兴趣的目标图像,需要将它们以图像斑块的形式单独提取出来,从而排除研究所不需要的干扰信息和背景信息,使得研究上作更容易、更准确。通过合理的选取阈值及提取关系,如大于等于阈值、小于等于阈值等,可从图像中提取研究所关心的目标图像及其边界,并测量所提取的目标图像的总面积及目标图像各斑块的面积和周长,由此可研究其分布规律与分布密度;并可在测量的基础上对目标图像斑块进行统计,统计出在一定面积或周长范围内目标图像斑块的个数,为相应的研究提供定量分析。     

High‐pixel‐rate grating‐light‐valve laser projector

Abstract— A high‐pixel‐rate, high‐contrast (30,000:1) wide‐color‐gamut grating‐light‐valve laser projector is reported. A new optical engine enabling high‐frame‐rate (240 Hz) scan projection is employed. Panoramic wide‐angle‐scan projection with a 64:9 aspect ratio was also developed. Speckle noise is eliminated using a simple but highly efficient technique. The optical throughput efficiency of the grating‐light‐valve laser projector is reviewed.     

The evaluation of speckle contrast with variable speckle generator

Abstract— While laser projection has many advantages, there is a problem with speckle patterns generated as a result of interference of the laser beam and results in bad effects to observers. In 2010, a variable speckle generator, which produces an angular shift of incident light to the screen and generates variable speckle patterns, was suggested. In this study, the performance of a variable speckle generator by using a volume phase holographic beam shaper and scanning mirror was investigated in detail by evaluating both the objective and subjective speckle contrast. The morphology of the speckle pattern was also investigated when the variable speckle generator was activated. With a scanning VPH beam shaper, the objective speckle was effectively reduced because each point of the VPH beam shaper generated different speckle patterns and coherency among each pattern disappeared by using the scan process. On the other hand, subjective speckle was also dramatically reduced by changing the incident angle on the screen, which resulted in generating variable subjective speckle. It was also shown that the speckle reduction rate by using a variable speckle generator did not depend on the coherent length of a laser by evaluating the normalized speckle contrast against the angular shift on the screen.     

一种改进的SAR图像LEE滤波算法

针对SAR图像相干斑滤波中存在的降低相干斑与有效保持细节信息这一矛盾,研究了常用空域滤波算法,在此基础上,将中值滤波与增强LEE滤波相结合,改进了LEE滤波算法,该方法能够在滤除相干斑的同时很好地保持图像的边缘及细节纹理信息。