埋地管道在冻土带的热力变形分析

埋地油气管道通过永冻土地带时,由于管内介质与周围的冻土发生了热力作用,使冰土解冻,在管道周围形成融化圈。文章分析了永冻土的特点,建立了永冻土地带土壤传热数学模型:融化圈内外传热方程、管道向土壤和土壤表面向大气所放热量的守恒关系、融化圈界面处土壤温度、相变界面处固相变为液相的传热条件。还建立了埋地管道模型,并以穿过永冻土地带土壤的输油管道为例,分析并计算了各种应力的最大值所在的位置和大小,提出了在永冻土地带减小管道热力变形的措施。     

孔西潜山奥陶系原生油藏成藏时期探讨

黄骅坳陷孔西潜山发现奥陶系（孔古3井、孔古7井）低产原生油藏和石炭-二叠系原生油气藏（孔古4井），油源对比结果证明，前者原油主要源于中奥陶统马家沟组灰岩，后者油气主要源于石炭系太原组及二叠系山西组煤系泥岩。根据孔古3井油藏的两期流体包裹体及储集层自生伊利石K-Ar年龄测定结果，油藏属两期成藏，第一期为晚三叠世（距今222.51～240.34Ma），第二期为第三纪，以晚第三纪为主。     

千米桥潜山构造特征及其在油气成藏中的作用

千米桥潜山是黄骅坳陷最典型的新生古储型油气藏，恢复潜山古构造是认识其油气藏特征的重点和难点之一，运用地质力学方法研究潜山内幕构造之后认为，该潜山的形成基础是古生界印支期宽缓复背斜，在燕山期挤压构造作用下形成由逆冲叠瓦扇和反冲断层构成的三角带内幕构造，抬升受侵蚀形成潜山主体，喜马拉雅的两次古旋拉张使潜山掀斜定型。晚第三纪以来发生整体热沉降，潜山两侧凹陷沙三段生成油气向潜山侧向运移成藏。     

回顶法灌注混凝土浆成桩工艺

探讨了回顶法灌注混凝土浆的成桩工艺，分析了影响混凝土浆灌注质量的主要因素，并给出了相应的技术参数和措施。     

油气集输管道最佳敷设方式的分析

根据大庆油田油气集输工艺设计的实践，分析了几种实用的油气集输管道敷设方式的优缺点。在对不同敷设方式的管道热耗做了较详细计算的基础上，进行了比较，提出了确定油气集输管道的最佳敷设方式：站外管道基本上采用埋地敷设；站内管道则应依据站址处的常年最高地下水位资料来确定，即在保证管道不长期受地下水浸泡的前提下，站内室外管道以埋地敷设为主，室内管道以架空与理地同时敷设为最佳；地下水位高的站内，以架空敷设最佳。     

Stress State of Bent Buried Pipelines

The authors consider edge effects in buried pipelines that occur in the region of joining of a straight buried pipe and a bent insert (factory bend, elbow, or an elastically bent segment). The action of those effects results in the appearance of additional bending moments, which are proportional to the difference between the axial force in an infinite straight pipeline and that in a closed-end pipe, and depend on the geometrical parameters of the pipeline and physical-mechanical characteristics of the soil. Specific examples of analysis of elastic interaction of a pipeline with the soil for pipe bends with various radii of the bend arc are offered. It is shown that additional bending stresses may exceed appreciably the stresses from the axial force, and therefore, they should be taken into account when designing and building pipelines. The solution for an elastically bent segment has been obtained and analyzed.     

高帧速摄像器

本文介绍了高帧速摄像器的设计、制造、工作和性能。该高帧速有３６０×３６０像素、摄像速度高达５×１０５帧／秒，该摄像器读出电路类似于帧转移ＣＣＤ，由四部分组成     

Assessing terrestrial wildlife populations in the Toronto and Region Area of Concern

Beneficial use impairments (BUIs) under the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement identify environmental issues requiring remedial action within the Great Lakes Areas of Concern (AOCs). We conducted this study to support the assessment of the wildlife component of BUI 3: degradation of fish and wildlife populations. We compared bird and amphibian (frogs and toads) data from the Toronto and Region Conservation Authority’s Terrestrial Long-term Monitoring Program in the Toronto and Region AOC to an adjacent, but otherwise similar, reference watershed, Duffins Creek. Twelve of 13 targets were met within the AOC for forest bird, wetland bird, meadow bird and amphibian populations based on averages of mean annual values at sites within the AOC that were within two standard deviations of averages at sites in the Duffins Creek reference watershed between 2008 and 2017. Even though wildlife populations within the AOC were within the normal range of variability expected from a reference watershed, they were often at lower levels than within the Duffins Creek reference watershed. In addition, forest bird and amphibian populations were negatively affected by urbanization within the AOC and meadow bird indices declined. We conclude that while wildlife populations within the AOC currently meet targets for BUI 3, they continue to be negatively impacted by numerous stressors that are primarily related to past and ongoing urbanization. Thus, continued restoration of wildlife habitat and protection of existing habitat within the AOC is highly recommended.     

UCC项目总承包工程建设的过程管理

由成都建筑材料工业设计研究院有限公司(简称成都院)和中国建材装备有限公司组成联合体总承包的UCC 10 000 t/d熟料水泥生产线,成都院负责提供合同范围内所有的工程设计、核心技术及核心设备、现场管理、人员培训、生产线达标考核,并具体负责实施和完成所有的土建及安装工程。在总承包工程建设的过程管理中,成都院以设计为灵魂,贯彻了"工艺流程顺畅,总图布局合理,系统配置先进可靠,合理节省投资"的设计理念;成都院克服了要求高、工期短、气候条件恶劣、国外施工人员管理难度大、功效低等重重困难,按时、保质保量、安全地完成了土建、安装、调试和试车任务;2007年4月26日,该生产线一次性通过业主的达标考核。我们的经验是:(1)有专业设计院全面介入的工程总承包是项目顺利进行的可靠保证;(2)参与建设的相关单位要相互信任、相互配合、目标一致;(3)工程建设管理科学化、人性化很重要。该项目的成功建设,使成都院总包工程建设的过程管理更加正规化、合理化和科学化。