为“探究式-小班化”教学培训助教的实践

Sichuan University establishes teaching assistants of master candidates (AMC) for reform of "inquiry-small class" teaching.The tutor arranges the good teaching assistants to take part in the pre-service training of AMC,and guides all the graduate assistant students to participate in the training of "fine example mini lesson" and "interactive seminar mini lesson".As a result,the students' participation and training quality are improved.     

哈工大材料与化工(化学工程领域)专业硕士研究生培养的探索与实践

The status and main problems in the cultivation of master degree graduate training in materials and chemical engineering (chemical engineering field) of Harbin Institute of Technology were analyzed by applying the concept of engineering education paradigm. Combined with the professional directions of chemical engineering discipline in HIT, i.e. "one field" (new chemical material field) and "two industries" (electrochemical engineering and polymer material engineering), the revision of training program, the course constructions and the measures for engineering practice ability and innovation ability training were explored and practiced with the purpose of the cultivation of industry leaders and high-level talents in chemical engineering filed.     

Chinese hamster ovary‐sphingomyelin synthase2 biospecific extraction and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis for the prediction of bioactive components of Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati

A novel strategy for predicting bioactive components in traditional Chinese medicines using Chinese hamster ovary‐sphingomyelin synthase2 (CHO‐SMS₂) cell biospecific extraction and high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and tandem mass spectrometry analysis was proposed. The hypothesis is that when cells are incubated with the extract of traditional Chinese medicines, the potential bioactive components in the traditional Chinese medicines should selectively combine with the cells, while the cell‐combining components would be detectable in the extract of denatured cells. The identities of the cell‐combining components could be determined by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Using the proposed approach, the potential bioactive components of Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine for atherosclerosis, were detected and identified. Eight compounds in the extract of Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati were detected as the components selectively combined with CHO‐SMS₂ cells, which is a stable cell line that highly expresses sphingomyelin synthases, it was found that piceid, resveratrol, emodin‐8‐β‐d‐ glucoside, physcion‐8‐β‐d‐ glucoside, emodin, physcion, 3,5,4‘‐trihydroxystilbene‐3‐O‐(6“‐galloyl)‐glucoside, and emodin‐1‐O‐glucoside combined specifically with CHO‐SMS₂ cells. The results indicate that the proposed approach may be applied to predict the bioactive candidates in traditional Chinese medicines.     

Rational synthetic methods in creating promising (hetero)aromatic molecules and materials

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A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.     

Preference aggregation and DEA: An analysis of the methods proposed to discriminate efficient candidates

There are different ways to allow the voters to express their preferences on a set of candidates. In ranked voting systems, each voter selects a subset of the candidates and ranks them in order of preference. A well-known class of these voting systems are scoring rules, where fixed scores are assigned to the different ranks and the candidates with the highest score are the winners. One of the most important issues in this context is the choice of the scoring vector, since the winning candidate can vary according to the scores used. To avoid this problem, Cook and Kress [W.D. Cook, M. Kress, A data envelopment model for aggregating preference rankings, Management Science 36 (11) (1990) 1302–1310], using a DEA/AR model, proposed to assess each candidate with the most favorable scoring vector for him/her. However, the use of this procedure often causes several candidates to be efficient, i.e., they achieve the maximum score. For this reason, several methods to discriminate among efficient candidates have been proposed. The aim of this paper is to analyze and show some drawbacks of these methods.     

An algorithm for microscopic specimen delineation and focus candidate selection

In this paper, we compare four field-of-view (FOV) metrics that, when applied to a low-resolution image of a microscope slide, are capable of both accurately delineating the specimen and selecting a subset of focus candidate FOVs required for construction of high-resolution focus map. The metrics evaluated are: threshold index (TI) that measures image intensity; normalised auto-correlation index (NACI) that measures spatial image similarity; auto-phase correlation index (APCI) that measures image phase diversity; and entropy index (EI) that measures the predictability of image intensities. Experiments are undertaken on a data set of forty slides including PAP stained Thin-prep cervical cytology and breast fine-needle aspiration slides and haematoxylin and eosin (HE) stained histology slides. These slides were scanned on an automated bright-field microscope and chosen to be indicative of a variety pathology specimens, containing artefacts such as excess coverslip glue and ink markers. Results are presented on the performance of each metric for correct ranking/segmentation of foreground (specimen) from background, and subsequently selecting focus candidate FOVs characteristic of the specimen's focal plane(s). The experimental results demonstrate that while NACI, APCI and EI are all effective at specimen delineation, only APCI is capable of effectively selecting superior focus candidates and ignoring artefacts.     

Identification and In Silico Characterization of Novel Helicobacter pylori Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a pathogen that can remain in the stomach of an infected person for their entire life. As a result, this leads to the development of severe gastric diseases such as gastric cancer. In addition, current therapies have several problems including antibiotics resistance. Therefore, new practical options to eliminate this bacterium, and its induced affections, are required to avoid morbidity and mortality worldwide. One strategy in the search for new drugs is to detect compounds that inhibit a limiting step in a central metabolic pathway of the pathogen of interest. In this work, we tested 55 compounds to gain insights into their possible use as new inhibitory drugs of H. pylori glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (HpG6PD) activity. The compounds YGC-1; MGD-1, MGD-2; TDA-1; and JMM-3 with their respective scaffold 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione; 1H-benzimidazole; 1,3-benzoxazole, morpholine, and biphenylcarbonitrile showed the best inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 310, 465, 340, 204 and 304 μM, respectively). We then modeled the HpG6PD protein by homology modeling to conduct an in silico study of the chemical compounds and discovers its possible interactions with the HpG6PD enzyme. We found that compounds can be internalized at the NADP⁺ catalytic binding site. Hence, they probably exert a competitive inhibitory effect with NADP⁺ and a non-competitive or uncompetitive effect with G6P, that of the compounds binding far from the enzyme’s active site. Based on these findings, the tested compounds inhibiting HpG6PD represent promising novel drug candidates against H. pylori.     

1D FFLO state in absence of time reversal symmetry breaking

We propose a route to a one-dimensional Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state in the absence of broken time-reversal symmetry. At present such a state may be encouraged in a clean (no disorder) AlAs quantum wire fabricated using the cleaved edge overgrowth technique. The fabrication technique captures two degenerate nonoverlapping bands separated in momentum-space by half an umklapp vector which leads to four Fermi points. Using field theoretic methods such as abelian bosonization and the renormalization group scheme we treat the important low energy long wavelength fermionic interaction terms for this one dimensional system. Due to the specific bandstructure arrangement of the quantum wire there is a new class of unique umklapp assisted interactions. These umklapp interactions are present at all electronic densities and are not related to the commensurability of the electron gas with the underlying lattice. We show that in the presence of the umklapp interactions and without any external perturbations such as a magnetic or electric field a singlet superconducting ground state is preferred with non-zero center-of-mass momentum for the Cooper pairs. The finite pairing momentum of the Cooper pairs is an indication of a Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state which is known to lead to inhomogeneous superconductivity.