百年回顾——纪念优秀的实验物理学家勒纳德

 勒纳德是德国杰出的实验物理学家。由于他在阴极射线方面所做出的突出贡献,获1905年诺贝尔物理学奖。勒纳德生平菲利普·勒纳德（P.E.A.Lenard,1862～1947）1862年出生在捷克的普雷斯布格,曾先后在布达佩斯大学、维也纳大学、柏林大学和海德堡大学学习物理,得到本生、赫兹、亥姆霍兹和昆开等人的指导。1892年起任波恩大学讲师,并担任赫兹的助手,1894年被聘为布雷斯劳大学教授。1895年任埃克斯-夏佩勒大学物理教授,1896年任海德堡大学理论物理教授,1898年成为基尔大学教授。勒纳德曾于1886年获海德堡大学博士学位,1911年获克里斯蒂安尼亚（现奥斯陆）大学博士学位,1922年获     

V型三能级原子与非经典光场作用中光场特性的变化

研究了V型三能级原子BEC与双模压缩光场相互作用系统中,忽略原子间相互作用和考虑原子间相互作用时光场的正交压缩和光子数压缩。结果表明,光场的正交压缩依赖于压缩参数,而光子数压缩与压缩参数、光场信号强度有关,在一定条件下,两种压缩可同时存在。原子间相互作用影响两种压缩的涨落随时间变化的周期,以及正交分量涨落随时间变化的幅度,而对光子数压缩涨落随时间变化的幅度几乎无影响。     

Measurement of the Seperation between Atoms beyond Diffraction Limit

We propose a scheme to obtain the distance of two identical atoms placed inside the standing wave field by monitoring the collective resonance fluorescence spectrum emitted by the two particles. We find three different parameter ranges, depending on the distance of the atoms as compared to the transition wavelength. For large interparticle distances, dipole-dipole coupling is negligible, and the main system evolution arises from the interaction with the standing wave field. In the small-distance limit, the dynamics is dominated by the dipole-dipole interaction. Finally, in the intermediate region, a rich interplay of the various couplings arises, which however is lifted for strong driving laser fields. The present measurement procedure allows us to distinguish the three cases. In each of the cases, we show how to determine the distance of the two particles and their respective positions relative to the nodes of the standing wave field with fractional-wavelength precision.     

具有随机生存域的随机场

本文研究具有随机开参数集的随机场构造,获得了具有已知有穷维分布的随机场存在和唯一性条件。     

相对论的先驱——马赫

 爱因斯坦创立的广义相对论是现代物理学的重要基石,是20世纪自然科学的伟大发现,对物理学、天文学乃至哲学都有着深远影响。爱因斯坦是如何创立相对论的?他曾受到哪位物理学家思想的启发?要回答这个问题,我们就不得不提到著名的物理学家和哲学家恩斯特·马赫（ErnstMach）。马赫是著名的物理学家、哲学家、生物学家和心理学家,1838年2月18日出生于奥地利摩拉维亚地区布尔诺附近的切尔利斯·图拉斯,自幼受到良好教育,在维也纳大学学习5年后,于1860年以放电和感应的论文获得博士学位。他精通拉丁文、希腊文、法文、意大利文和英文。     

Nonlinear Effects for Bose Einstein Condensates in Optical Lattices

Cold atoms and, more recently, Bose-Einstein condensates （BEC＇s） in optical lattices have attracted increasing interest since their first realization. In particular, the formal similarity between the wavefunction of a BEC inside the periodic potential of an optical lattice and of the electrons in a crystal lattice has triggered theoretical and experimental efforts alike. Many phenomena from condensed matter physics, such as Bloch oscillations and Landau-Zener tunneling have been shown to be observable also in optical lattices. An important difference between electrons in a crystal lattice and a BEC inside the periodic potential of an optical lattice is the strength of the self interaction and hence the magnitude of the nonlinearity of the system. Electrons in a metal are almost noninteracting, whereas atoms inside a BEC interact strongly. A＇ perturbation approach is appropriate in the former case while in the latter the full nonlinearity must be taken into account. From this feature new physics is expected. Most experiments to date have been carried out in the regime of shallow lattice depth, for which the system is well described by the mean field Gross-Pitaevskii equation with a periodic potential. Moreover, the nonlinearity induced by the mean-field of the condensate has been shown, both theoretically and experimentally, to give rise to instabilities in certain regions of the Brillouin zone. These instabilities are not present in the corresponding linear system, i.e. the electron system. Experimental and theoretical results on the subject of nonlinear Landau-Zener tunneling and nonlinearity-induced instabilities in a Bose-Einstein condensate interacting with an external periodic potential will be presented.     

研究K4-同胚图K4(α,1,1,δ,ε,η)色性的一个引理

主要介绍了一个引理，这个引理奠定了K4－同胚图K4（α，1，1，δ，ε，η）色性研究的基础。     

弱(L_1,L_2)-BLD映射的正则性

本文首先将文［１］中的ＢＬＤ映射推广为弱（Ｌ１，Ｌ２）－ＢＬＤ映射，并证明了如下正则性结果：存在两个可积指数 Ｐ１＝Ｐ１（ｎ，Ｌ１，Ｌ２）＜ｎ＜ｑ１＝ｑ１（ｎ，Ｌ１，Ｌ２），使得对任意弱（Ｌ１，Ｌ２）－ＢＬＤ映射ｆ∈（Ω，Ｒｎ），都有ｆ∈（Ω，Ｒｎ），即ｆ为（Ｌ１，Ｌ２）－ＢＬＤ映射．     

推广的奇轮的圆色数

图G的圆色数(又称"星色数")xc(G)是Vince在1988年提出的,它是图的色数 的自然推广.本文由奇轮出发构造了一族平面图,并证明了此类图的圆色数恰恰介于2和 3之间,填补了该领域的空白.