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提出了一种有效易行的高频电刀波峰因子检测系统的软、硬件设计方案。利用电磁感应原理接收电刀输出波形,由普通的数字示波器完成数据采集与数字化,基于虚拟仪器技术的PC端软件根据数据计算波峰因子。通过对高频电刀波峰因子的检测,最终验证波峰因子对电刀性能以及临床使用效果的重要性。 相似文献
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Shinhiro Takeda Kazuhiro Nakanishi Teruo Takano Gen Ishikawa Ryo Ogawa 《Journal of anesthesia》1997,11(2):83-87
Effective gas exchange can be maintained in animals without endotracheal intubation using external high-frequency oscillation
(EHFO). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of EHFO in patients with respiratory failure due to severe cardiogenic
pulmonary edema. Seven patients were ventilated with EHFO for 2h at 60 oscillations·min−1, with a cuiras pressure of 36 cmH2O (−26 to +10) and an inspiratory to expiratory ratio of 1:1, with EHFO. Blood gas values and hemodynamic parameters were
measured. Significant increases were noted in cardiac index (2.3±0.5 to 2.5±0.5 l·m−2;P<0.05), stroke volume index (24±7 to 28±8 ml·m−2;P<0.05), and arterial O2 pressure (Pao2) (70±4 to 95±23 mmHg;P<0.01) without a change in pulmonary artery wedge pressure at 1 h after EHFO. The respiratory rate decreased from 28±3 to
22 ±3 breaths·min−1 at 5 min after the termination of EHFO (P <0.01). Arterial CO2 pressure (Paco2) did not, however, decrease. Increased stroke volume without a change in pulmonary artery wedge pressure (preload) suggests
either improved inotropic function of the left ventricle or reduced left ventricular afterload with EHFO. The use of EHFO
may be effective not only for gas exchange but also for left ventricular function in patients with severe cardiogenic pulmonary
edema. 相似文献
5.
É. A. Bogdanova 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1991,111(5):579-582
I. M. Sechenov Medical Academy, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. D. Ado.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 111, No. 5, pp. 454–456, May, 1991. 相似文献
6.
简要介绍西门子SOMATOM CT高压发生器的工作原理,并着重分析了高压63A熔断丝炸裂故障原因及其判断与排除方法。文章指出了在检修高压发生器的过程中特别要注意的事项。 相似文献
7.
Deborah M Antonino-Green Jianguo Cheng David S K Magnuson 《The Journal of comparative neurology》2002,442(3):226-238
Spinal cord/brainstem preparations from 5- to 8-day-old rats, maintained in vitro, were used to determine the cells of origin and regions of termination of fibers in the superficial ventrolateral funiculus (VLF) at a site from which rhythmic locomotor-like activity can be induced. Rhythmic locomotor-like activity was recorded from lumbar ventral roots after short trains of stimuli (50 Hz for 0.5-2 seconds) delivered to the VLF. Field potential mapping revealed that single VLF stimuli elicited responses in the ipsilateral ventrolateral medulla. Tract-tracing experiments by using biocytin, pressure-injected into the VLF, showed that only a small number of brainstem neurons were labeled and these were scattered bilaterally in the ventrolateral and lateral medulla. Dense concentrations of nerve terminals were found in the lateral reticular nucleus ipsilateral to the stimulation site. Labeled spinal cord neurons included a primary population of large cells distributed bilaterally in lamina VII from T13 to L4, with peak numbers in L2 ipsilaterally and in L3 contralaterally. Intracellular recordings revealed that some L2 and L3 neurons with rhythmic responses to VLF stimulation could be activated antidromically from the VLF, with latencies of less than 1.0 msec. These observations led us to speculate that the superficial VLF carries a locomotor-related tract originating bilaterally in lumbar lamina VII and terminating in the ipsilateral medulla, including the lateral reticular nucleus. This pathway may be part of the spinoreticular or spinoreticulotectal pathway that has been described in many species, the function of which has only loosely been ascribed. 相似文献
8.
Zehr EP Haridas C 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》2003,149(2):260-266
Stimulation of cutaneous nerves innervating the hand evokes prominent reflexes in many arm muscles during arm cycling. We
hypothesized that the mechanisms controlling reflex modulation during the rhythmic arm swing of walking would be similar to
that documented during arm cycling. Thus, we expected cutaneous reflexes to be modulated by position in the walking cycle
(phase dependence) and be different when walking compared to contraction while standing (task dependence). Subjects performed
static postures similar to those occurring during walking and also walked on a treadmill while the superficial radial nerve
was electrically stimulated pseudorandomly throughout the step cycle. EMG was recorded bilaterally from upper limb muscles
and kinematic recordings were obtained from the elbow and shoulder joints. Step cycle information was obtained from force-sensing
insoles. Analysis was conducted after averaging contingent upon the occurrence of stimulation in the step cycle. Phase-dependent
modulation of cutaneous reflexes at early (~50–80 ms) and middle (~80–120 ms) latencies was observed. Coordinated bilateral
reflexes were seen in posterior deltoid and triceps brachii muscles. Task dependency was seen in that reflex amplitude was
only correlated with background EMG during static contraction (75% of comparisons for both early and middle latency reflexes).
During walking, no significant relationship between reflex amplitude and background EMG level was found. The results show
that cutaneous reflex modulation during rhythmic upper limb movement is similar to that seen during arm cycling and to that
observed in leg muscles during locomotion. These results add to the evidence that, during cyclical movements of the arms and
legs, similar neural mechanisms observed only during movement (e.g. central pattern generators) control reflex output.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
9.
G. N. Kryzhanovskii V. N. Grafova E. I. Danilova 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1977,83(5):607-611
With the aid of tetanus toxin, which disturbs various types of inhibition, generators of excitation were created in the left and right anterior horns of the lumbar spinal cord in rats. The regimes of activity of the generators differed: the left-sided generator, formed during the longer action of the toxin, in response to activation by trigger stimulation first produced tonic, and then intermittent activity, or individual spontaneous discharges, whereas the righ-sided generator produced only tonic activity. If one generator was blocked by glycine, the other continued to operate as before. Activation of one generator led to concomitant depression of the effects of the other. During separate activation of each generator, all the spinal and supraspinal motoneuron pools synchronously reproduced the character of activity of the generator functioning at that particular moment. The generator thus played the role of a determinant structure, determining the behavior of the system. The results are examined from the standpoint of the general concept of the role of determinant structures in the activity of the nervous system and the theory of generator mechanisms of neuropathological syndromes characterized by hyperactivity of systems.Laboratory of General Pathology of the Nervous System, Institute of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 83, No. 5, pp. 515–519, May, 1977. 相似文献
10.
Y. V. Panchin Y. I. Arshavsky T. G. Deliagina G. N. Orlovsky L. B. Popova A. I. Selverston 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1996,109(2):361-365
The locomotor activity in the marine mollusc Clione limacina has been found to be strongly excited by serotonergic mechanisms. In the present study putative serotonergic cerebropedal neurons were recorded simultaneously with pedal locomotor motoneurons and interneurons. Stimulation of serotonergic neurons produced acceleration of the locomotor rhythm and strengthening of motoneuron discharges. These effects were accompanied by depolarization of motoneurons, while depolarization of the generator interneurons was considerably lower (if it occurred at all). Effects of serotonin application on isolated locomotor and non-locomotor pedal neurons were studied. Serotonin (5×10-7 to 1×10-6 M) affected most pedal neurons. All locomotor neurons were excited by serotonin. This suggests that serotonergic command neurons exert direct influence on locomotor neurons. Effects of serotonin on nonlocomotor neurons were diverse, most neurons being inhibited by serotonin. Some effects of serotonin on locomotor neurons could not be reproduced by neuron depolarization. This suggests that, along with depolarization, serotonin modulates voltage-sensitive membrane properties of the neurons. As a result, serotonin promotes the endogenous rhythmical activity in neurons of the C. limacina locomotor central pattern generator. 相似文献