饲料中添加钴、维生素B12对羔羊生长的影响

选用产期接近的3月龄小尾寒羊30只,随机分为二组(试验Ⅰ、试验Ⅱ),每组15只。试验Ⅰ饲喂本场加工的羔羊精饲料,试验Ⅱ饲喂本场加工的羔羊精饲料基础上,每公斤饲料中分别添加钴0.4mg和维生素B120.30mg,试验结果表明:试验Ⅰ与试验Ⅱ日增重相比差异极显著(P<0.01)。     

SOX5: Lamb–Shaffer syndrome—A case series further expanding the phenotypic spectrum

To delineate further the clinical phenotype of Lamb–Shaffer Syndrome (LSS) 16 unpublished patients with heterozygous variation in SOX5 were identified either through the UK Decipher database or the study team was contacted by clinicians directly. Clinical phenotyping tables were completed for each patient by their responsible clinical geneticist. Photos and clinical features were compared to assess key phenotypes and genotype–phenotype correlation. We report 16 SOX5 variants all of which meet American College of Medical Genetics/Association for Clinical Genomic Science ACMG/ACGS criteria class IV or V. 7/16 have intragenic deletions of SOX5 and 9/16 have single nucleotide variants (including both truncating and missense variants). The cohort includes two sets of monozygotic twins and parental gonadal mosaicism is noted in one family. This cohort of 16 patients is compared with the 71 previously reported cases and corroborates previous phenotypic findings. As expected, the most common findings include global developmental delay with prominent speech delay, mild to moderate intellectual disability, behavioral abnormalities and sometimes subtle characteristic facial features. We expand in more detail on the behavioral phenotype and observe that there is a greater tendency toward lower growth parameters and microcephaly in patients with single nucleotide variants. This cohort provides further evidence of gonadal mosaicism in SOX5 variants; this should be considered when providing genetic counseling for couples with one affected child and an apparently de novo variant.     

马尾松叶低极性部位的GC-MS分析及协同氟康唑抗耐药白念珠菌活性研究

目的 研究马尾松叶低极性部位的主要化学成分,以及其与氟康唑联用对氟康唑耐药白念珠菌的抗真菌活性.方法 马尾松叶经80％乙醇热提取后,用石油醚萃取得到低极性部位,运用GC-MS法检测其化学成分,所测结果与标准谱库进行比对分析,用峰面积归一法计算各个成分的相对含量.采用棋盘式微量稀释法测试低极性部位协同氟康唑对耐药白念珠菌...     

Optimization of Nonlinear Lamb Wave Detection System Parameters in CFRP Laminates

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates, as unique multifunctional materials, are widely applied in various aircraft, such as airliners, fighter planes, and space shuttles. To ensure aircraft safety during the production and application of CFRP laminates, it is necessary to improve the accuracy of nonlinear Lamb wave nondestructive testing to assess the damage in CFRP laminates caused by impact, high temperature, friction, corrosion, etc. In this study, the accuracy of nonlinear ultrasonic nondestructive testing was found to highly depend on the cycle number, output level and gain of the nonlinear ultrasonic detection system. Based on a single-factor experiment that considered the cycle number, output level, and gain of the amplifier as independent variables, a regression analysis was carried out on the fundamental wave amplitude value (A₁) and second harmonic amplitude value (A₂). Two response surface surrogate models were established to improve the accuracy of nonlinear Lamb wave nondestructive testing and to optimize the detection system parameters. The response surface models were verified via an analysis of variance (ANOVA), significance tests and an error statistical analysis. The results revealed the significant influence of these three factors on A₁ and A₂. Optimization of the response surface was achieved at eight cycles, an output level of 42 and a gain of 32 dB. Moreover, the nonlinear ultrasonic detection system achieved good operational stability, high accuracy and reliability under the above optimal parameter conditions. This approach provides scientific guidance for the accurate assessment of CFRP laminate damage.     

马尾松松针中木脂素类化学成分的研究

目的研究松科(Pinaceae)植物马尾松(P.massoniana Lamb.)松针(pine needles)水煎液中的化学成分。方法利用Diaion HP-20,Toyopearl HW-40和硅胶等柱色谱技术进行分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质和光谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果从马尾松针水煎液镇痛作用较强的正丁醇萃取部位分离得到3个木脂素类化合物,其化学结构分别确定为化合物7(massonianoside D): (7S,8r)-4,9′-二羟基-3,3′-二甲氧基-7,8-二氢苯骈呋喃-1′-丙醇基新木脂素-9-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷;化合物8(异落叶松脂素):4,4′,9,9′-四羟基-3,3′-二甲氧基-7-苯基四氢萘木脂素;化合物9(异落叶松脂素-9-O-木糖苷):4,4′,9′-三羟基-3,3′-二甲氧基-7-苯基四氢萘木脂素-9-O-β-D-木糖苷。结论化合物7为新化合物,化合物8,9为首次从本植物中分离得到。     

马尾松松针抗血小板聚集活性的成分考察

目的：研究马尾松松针体外抗血小板活性的成分。方法：利用活性跟踪分离方法和大孔吸附树脂（diaion HP-20）、葡聚糖凝胶（toyopearl HW-40）、反相硅胶（0DS）及硅胶柱色谱进行分离纯化，根据化合物的理化性质和光谱数据鉴定结构。结果：从马尾松松针60％乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯萃取部位分离得到3个具有体外抗血小板聚集活性的化合物，分别鉴定为：木犀草素-7-O-吡喃葡萄糖苷（Ⅰ）、阿魏酸（Ⅱ）和槲皮素（Ⅲ）。结论：松针提取物的体外抗血小板聚集活性的物质基础是黄酮等多酚类化合物，而非之前所预期的大量存在于该植物中的木脂素类和原花青素类化合物。     

An estimate of the population frequency of congenital malformations of the upper limb

The first report, based on information from members of the Congenital Malformations Committee of the International Federation of Societies for Surgery of the Hand, is presented.     

Effects of maternal deprivation on the adrenocorticotrophic and gonadotrophic axes in the hypothalamo-pituitary unit of preweanling female sheep: the histomorphometric approach

This study was designed to investigate the histochemical effects of maternal deprivation on the adrenocorticotrophic and gonadotrophic axes in the hypothalamo-pituitary unit of preweanling lambs. Twelve-week-old female lambs were divided into either the control (lambs reared under undisturbed maternal conditions; n=3) or the maternally deprived group (lambs separated for three days from their dams; n=3). The corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the median eminence and the adenohypophyseal adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), gonadotrophins (LH and FSH) and mRNAs for their beta-subunits were investigated using the immunohistochemistry or hybridohistochemistry. In maternally deprived lambs, the percentage of the area occupied by immunoreactive (ir)-CRH nerve terminals was lower (P<0.05) and the percentage of the adenohypophyseal area (PAA) occupied by ir-ACTH cells was higher (P<0.05) compared with the control lambs. In the hypothalamo-gonadotrophic axis of maternally deprived lambs the percentage of area occupied by ir-GnRH nerve terminals was higher (P<0.05) and the PAA occupied by ir-FSHbeta cells was lower (P<0.05) in comparison with controls. The PAA occupied by gonadotrophs detected using hybridohistochemistry was higher (P<0.05) for LHbeta-mRNA in contrast to a lower (P<0.05) percentage for FSHbeta-mRNA in maternally deprived lambs compared with those staying with dams. In conclusion, maternal deprivation affected the accumulation of CRH and ACTH. The different and more striking alterations in FSH synthesis and storage in comparison with those concerning LH were observed in maternally deprived lambs. Thus, rupture of the preweanling young-mother social contact can affect the gonadotroph population activity, especially that relating to FSH-producing cells in the infantile female sheep.     

Developmental changes of monosaccharide uptake into skeletal muscle of the lamb

Summary Uptake of the nonmetabolizable model sugar 3-0-methylglucose (3-MG) into skeletal muscle (musculi cricothyreoidei) of the lamb decreases with advancing age. Forestomach development does not affect 3-MG uptake. The stimulating effect of insulin upon 3-MG uptake also declines with age. Forestomach development does not influence this insulin effect.