Biological and granulometric controls on sedimentary organic matter of an intertidal mudflat

A variety of measures of organic matter concentration and quality were made on samples collected from the top few mm of intertidal mudflat sediment over the course of a year, in order to assess the relative importance of biological and sedimentological influences on sedimentary organic matter. Winter and summer were times of relatively fine-grained sediment accumulation, caused by biological deposition or stabilization processes and resulting in higher organic matter concentrations. Stable carbon isotope and Br:C ratios indicated a planktonic source of bulk organic matter. Ratios of organic carbon to specific surface area of the sediments were consistent with an organic monolayer coverage of sediment grains. Correction for changing grain size during the year showed no change in the organic concentration per unit surface area, in spite of organic matter inputs by in situ primary production, buildup of heterotroph biomass and mucus coatings, and biodeposition of organic-rich seston. There were also no indications of changes in bulk organic quality, measured as hydrolyzable carbohydrates and amino acids, in response to these biological processes. It is concluded that biological processes on a seasonal time scale affect the bulk organic matter of these sediments via a modulation of grain size rather than creation or decay of organic matter.     

Palaeotemperature reconstructions of the European permafrost zone during marine oxygen isotope Stage 3 compared with climate model results

A palaeotemperature reconstruction based on periglacial phenomena in Europe north of approximately 51 °N, is compared with high‐resolution regional climate model simulations of the marine oxygen isotope Stage 3 (Stage 3) palaeoclimate. The experiments represent Stage 3 warm (interstadial), Stage 3 cold (stadial) and Last Glacial Maximum climatic conditions. The palaeotemperature reconstruction deviates considerably for the Stage 3 cold climate experiments, with mismatches up to 11 °C for the mean annual air temperature and up to 15 °C for the winter temperature. However, in this reconstruction various factors linking climate and permafrost have not been taken into account. In particular a relatively thin snow cover and high climatic variability of the glacial climate could have influenced temperature limits for ice‐wedge growth. Based on modelling the 0 °C mean annual ground temperature proves to be an appropriate upper temperature limit. Using this limit, mismatches with the Stage 3 cold climate experiments have been reduced but still remain. We therefore assume that the Stage 3 ice wedges were generated during short (decadal time‐scale) intervals of extreme cold climate, below the mean temperatures indicated by the Stage 3 cold climate model simulations. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

宁远保安地区基性─超基性火山岩基本特征

本文论述了保安地区火山岩的地质、岩石、副矿物、岩石化学、微量元素、稀土元素、稳定同位素、火山岩相及火山机构等特征。并对其演化规律、形成机制与成矿作用的关系，作了初步探讨。     

青岛局地风特征的分析

本文根据位于胶州湾东岸的青岛沧口和流亭两机场气象台和唠山区气象台资料及现场实验资料对胶州湾东岸的海陆风气候特征,来自胶州湾与来自南面黄海水域的两支海陆风相互作用及其对沧口地区的影响,崂山西坡下坡风的气候特征及影响进行了分析。文中还提出了一种根据常规气象观测资料估算海陆风发生频率的方法。     

北黄海长山群岛海域沉积环境初步研究

本文在获取１９８９－１９９３年黄海北部长山群岛海域沉积物大量数据基础上，借助沉积物粒度分析（Ｑ型），揭示出该海域具有在“岛屿效应”影响下的４种环境能量类型，分析了与其适应的环岛沉积环境及其分布特征。     

内蒙古北山重点成矿远景区主要地质特征与矿产资源潜力评价方向

本文根据北山地区区域地质背景、成矿地质条件及矿产分布特征,对北山地区初步划分出几个重点成矿远景区,建议作为今后进行区域固体矿产资源潜力评价的方向。     

三种地统计学图像纹理用于遥感图像分类的比较

该文运用LANDSAT TM数据对三种地统计学纹理量测方法用于图像分类的性能进行了比较和分析。研究发现，基于绝对值变差函数的纹理具有更好的性能。经典的变差函数和基于方根的变差函数的性能依赖于提取纹理时所用的窗口大小。     

中外饭店区域集团化特征对比研究

随着饭店业全球化进程的发展，饭店之间的竞争日趋激烈，国际饭店集团的出现使国际旅游市场和饭店业都发生了极大的变化。与中国饭店集团相比，国际饭店集团具有诸多竞争优势，本文将以世界饭店集团300强为例，与中国饭店区域集团化特征进行对比分析，从而为中国饭店业借鉴国际饭店集团成功经验，应对其挑战提供启示。     

遗传算法与单纯形法组合的影像纹理分类方法

提出遗传算法(简称GA)与单纯形法组合的影像纹理分类方法(简称GASPX)。单纯形法是一种局部搜索方法，它通过反射，扩张，收缩操作，求得新的单纯形点，组成新单纯形，新单纯形比前一个单纯形更接近局部最优解。这种寻优方法收敛速度快，它与GA组合起来可以改善单独使用GA收敛速度慢的缺陷。由于在组合算法中是多个单纯形的局部区域的并行搜索，避免GA优化过程中过早收敛于局部最优解的现象出现。通过5种不同类别航空影像纹理识别的试验，并与GA的结果作对比，结果表明GASPX法优于GA法。