间苯二酚的生产技术现状

介绍了间苯二酚的主要用途和国内外生产现状 ,并对主要的生产方法磺化法和氧化法从环境效应上进行了比较 ,对今后我国间苯二酚的生产发展提出了建议     

Preparation and characterization of proton‐exchange hybrid membranes

Two types of composite were prepared, based on a thermoplastic polymer, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and an elastomer, ethylene‐propylene‐diene terpolymer (EPDM), respectively. We obtained both series by addition of an inorganic proton‐conducting antimonic acid derivative (HSb) and polystyrene crosslinked with a small percentage of divinylbenzene (PS‐co‐DVB). From these composites, membranes were obtained and subjected to a heterogeneous‐phase sulfonation reaction with chlorosulfonic acid. All experimental materials were characterized from a morphological and electrical point of view, by means of techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), non‐isothermal crystallization and complex impedance analysis. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

对苯基苯酚技术现状及应用

介绍了对苯基苯酚的主要用途,国内外对苯基苯酚主要的工艺路线及技术现状,通过对主要生产工艺路线的比较,对今后我国的对苯基苯酚的生产发展提出了建议。     

三氧化硫磺化甲苯反应的工艺条件研究

采用稀释SO3磺化甲苯工艺，研究了磺化温度．SO3配气比，原料中水含量和二甲苯砜抑制剂等工艺因素对反应转化率，产物中甲苯磺酸异构体含量及副产物二甲苯砜含量的影响。在10℃．SO3浓度为6％（volume）的操作条件下，二甲苯砜为抑制剂，甲苯转化率达到35％（mass）．反应产物中没有新增二甲苯砜，对甲苯磺酸含量达到88．24％．间甲苯磺酸含量降低到0．97％。     

甲苯三氧化硫磺化反应抑制副产物二甲苯砜的研究

对SO3磺化甲苯反应的副产物二甲苯砜成因及反应历程进行了分析,通过实验比较了醋酸与二甲苯砜的抑制效果,提出用磺化副产物二甲苯砜自身抑制的新方法.考察了二甲苯砜力入量和甲苯转化率对抑制副反应的影响.反应温度:10℃,三氧化硫:6%,甲苯转化率为35%时,外加甲苯质量3.3%的二甲苯砜就能控制二甲苯砜含量不增加,且甲苯磺酸异构体的对位含量由84%上升到89%,间位含量由2.5%下降到1%.     

国内外AE／AES生产现状及市场分析

介绍国内外脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(AE)和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐(AES)的生产现状及供需情况.2003年全球AE的总产能为391.7万t/a,总产量为155.8万t,总消费量为148.3万t;AES的总产能为377.5万t/a,产量约为300万t,消费量约为90万t.2004年我国AE的产能已超过50万t/a,但产量只有15万t,消费量为30.5万t;AES的总产能为37.95万t/a,产量为14万t,市场需求约10万t.最后补充介绍乙氧基化的技术进展.     

Ultrafiltration of Myoglobin using Surface-Sulfonated Polysulfone Hollow Fiber

The usage of ionic polysulfone (PSF) hollow fiber for the ultrafiltration of protein was investigated. The surface of polysulfone hollow fiber was sulfonated through the Blanc chloromethylation reaction to become anionic. Characterization of the modified hollow fiber was performed including ion exchange titration, pure water permeation, and molecular sieving measurement. The performance of ultrafiltration of protein was evaluated using myoglobin at various pH values. The results show that the water contact angles and hydraulic resistance are markedly decreased, indicating that the surface-modified PSF hollow fibers are more hydrophilic. In addition, the retention of myoglobin depends on the pH of the solution. At a pH higher than the isoelectric point of myoglobin, both hollow fiber and the protein have the same charge sign, and both the flux of the solution and the retention are the highest. The sulfonated PSF hollow fiber may be used as a biomaterial for protein separation and purification.     

磺化聚醚砜的制备与表征

针对聚醚砜亲水性差的问题,以氯磺酸为磺化剂对聚醚砜进行磺化,制得不同磺化度的磺化聚醚砜及磺化聚醚砜分离膜.采用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、差示扫描量热(DSC)和热重分析(TGA)对磺化聚醚砜进行了表征,并对分离膜水通量进行了测定.结果表明:随着磺化度的提高,磺化聚醚砜的玻璃化转变温度提高;在质子性极性溶剂中的溶解性增加,在非质子极性溶剂中的溶解性降低;亲水性提高,分离膜的水通量随之增加.     

壬基酚聚氧乙烯(10)醚衣康酸单酯磺酸二钠盐的合成

以壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(OP-10)、衣康酸(IA)和亚硫酸钠为原料,通过酯化反应和磺化反应成功合成了壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚衣康酸单酯磺酸二钠盐。考察了反应温度、反应时间和物料物质的量比对反应体系的影响,得到的最佳工艺条件为:OP-10与IA的物质的量比为1∶1.05,酯化温度120℃,酯化时间4 h;酯化产物与亚硫酸钠物质的量比为1∶1.05,磺化温度90℃,磺化时间4 h。并通过红外光谱(IR)对产品结构进行对比分析,确定产物结构。     

丁基橡胶的磺化反应

本工作研究了丁基橡胶的浓度、磺化剂的组成与用量、相转移催化剂、反应温度和时间对丁基橡胶磺化反应的影响。结果表明,增加丁基橡胶的浓度和磺化剂的用量,升高反应温度,丁基橡胶的磺化反应速度加快,延长反应时间能提高产物的磺化度。相转移催化剂c—1则降低磺化反应速度及产物的磺化度。