实施油气回收的必要性和技术方案的探讨

简要介绍油气回收技术;从环保和增加经济效益的角度,以福建炼化公司的实际情况为例提出了油气回收的方案,并对实行该方案的必要性和经济效益做了分析;希望增强炼化企业对油气回收问题的重视,达到安全生产、改善环境和节约能源的目的。     

Trace elements in particles of motor vehicle exhaust in Shanghai

A nuclear microprobe with high spatial resolution and high analytical sensitivity was applied to analyze trace elements,especially lead,in vehicle exhaust of Shanghai city.The result shows that the chemical composition and its corresponding x-ray relative intensity are different among different vehicle exhausts.There are many kinds of metal elements in particles of vehicle exhaust.most are harmful to people,such as Ti,Cr,Mn,Pb,etc.We found that the lead concentration was 6820μg/g and the bromine concentration was 5300μg/g in the exhaust from Santana using leaded gasoline(SULG).which is higher than any other kinds of vehicle exhausts.We have also detected the minimum lead in the particles of unleaded gasoline and its content varies from one to another.Its mean concentration was 450μg/g and the highest reached 6210μg/g.The unleaded gasoline‘s Pb existed in the whole particle while the leaded gasoline‘s enriched in the surface of the particle and was more harmful to the human beings.     

催化裂化汽油选择性加氢脱硫催化剂RSDS-1的开发

介绍了用于催化裂化汽油选择性加氢脱硫催化剂RSDS-1的研究开发，考察了载体、活性组元、金属原子比以及助剂对催化剂选择性的影响。研究结果表明，催化裂化汽油中烯烃的加氢饱和受扩散限制；Co—Mo组合对烯烃饱和的能力相对较弱；较高的Co／Mo原子比有利于提高催化剂选择性；助剂的加入对催化剂选择性有明显的影响；RSDS—1催化剂用于催化裂化汽油选择性脱硫，对不同原料油适应性好，脱硫率可达80％，RON损失小于2个单位，且可长周期稳定运转。     

A novel MINLP-based representation of the original complex model for predicting gasoline emissions

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) introduced Reformulated Gasoline (RFG) requirements as a measure to reduce emissions from gasoline-powered vehicles in certain geographic areas. As part of this effort, the EPA developed empirical models for predicting emissions as a function of gasoline properties and established statutory baseline emissions from a representative set of gasolines. All reformulated gasoline requires certification via this model, known as the Complex Model, and all refiners and importers calculate emissions performance reductions from the statutory baseline gasoline. The current representation of the Complex Model is extremely difficult to implement within refinery operations models or to use in combination with models for designer gasoline. RFG and boutique fuels are key driving forces in the North American refining industry.The RFG models introduce increasingly complex constraints with the major limitation that they are implicitly defined through a series of complicated disjunctions assembled by the EPA in the form of spreadsheets. This implicit and cumbersome representation of the emissions predictive models renders rigorous optimization and sensitivity analysis very difficult to address directly. In this paper, we discuss how the federal government requirements for reformulated gasoline can be restated as a set of mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) constraints with the aid of disjunctive programming techniques. We illustrate the use of this model with two simple example fuel blending problems.     

催化裂化汽油脱硫助剂TS-01的工业试验

中国石油化工股份有限公司九江分公司在I套催化裂化装置进行了TS—0l催化裂化汽油脱硫双功能助剂的工业应用。结果表明：TS—0l剂对催化裂化汽油有较好的脱硫效果。当TS—0l剂注入原料中的量为70μg／g时，对催化裂化汽油的硫脱除率约为20％；注入量为120μg／g时，硫脱除率可达到25％-30％。汽油中脱除的硫主要以硫化氢形态转移至于气、液化气中。TS—01剂对产品分布及产品其它质量无明显影响，该剂亦有良好的金属钝化效果。     

Commercial Test of Multi-functional Desulfurizing Agent TS-01 for Gasoline in FCC Process

Experimental use of multi-functional desulfurizing agent TS-01 for FCC gasoline in the FCC unit of SINOPEC Jiujiang Company shows that the multi-functional desulfurizing agent can effectively remove various kinds of sulfur in FCC gasoline and diesel fuel and fulfill passivation on heavy metals.     

RFCC汽油质量波动因素分析及对策

随着RFCC掺渣比的提高和原料碳含量的增加,原脱臭工艺技术无法满足产品的质量要求。通过分析RFCC脱臭汽油质量波动的原因,提出了从优化原料性质、操作参数和改变工艺方法等方面改进汽油质量,认为Merox抽提塔与固定床无碱脱臭技术相结合可提高硫醇脱除率,提高产品质量,满足汽油产品的质量指标,并具有显著的经济效益。     

我国钢铁行业清洁生产标准HJ/T189存在的问题与修订建议

2006年10月1日起实施的《清洁生产标准钢铁行业》(HJ/T189-2006)存在着一些不足之处,如不及时修订,将无法适应“十一五”期间钢铁工业的发展形势和清洁生产形势,在某种程度上还很容易对国内钢铁企业造成误导,而且会产生一些负面不良影响。根据目前我国钢铁工业的发展形势和国内外钢铁企业已经达到的实际清洁生产水平,就其存在的问题和今后的修订谈了一些看法。     

复合脱氧剂对纯净钢生产的影响

论述复合脱氧剂的一般化学特性，并以碳化硅和硅铝铁两种复合脱氧剂为例，讨论其对改善钢的质量，进行纯净钢生产的影响。     

某医院净化手术部空调设计

介绍了各净化间的设计参数，送、回、排风系统和自控系统的设计，以及运行情况。探讨了基于手术部湿度优先控制模式下的新风系统的设计及控制。