由AEO_3硫酸化合成AES的研究

以氨基磺酸和氯磺酸作硫酸化剂,由AEO_3合成了AES,讨论了工艺条件对反应过程和产品质量的影响。     

柠檬酸月桂醇酯的合成

介绍了柠檬酸月桂醇酯的合成方法,并经正交实验得出合成的最佳工艺条件:反应温度132℃,反应时间120min,月桂醇/柠檬酸=1:1(mol比),催化剂用量:0.2g。     

Corrosion protection of iron by polypyrrole coatings electrosynthesised from a surfactant solution

This work is a study of the electropolymerisation of pyrrole onto iron electrodes in the presence of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate in a wide pH interval. The characterisation of the films was done using electrochemical techniques, SEM/EDX and IR spectroscopy. We show that it is possible to synthesise homogeneous, adherent and very compact films in the pH range between 7 and 12 under potentiodynamic, galvanostatic and potentiostatic conditions without substrate dissolution. The effects of various parameters on electrodeposition were investigated. The new procedure for the electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole results in improved anticorrosion properties. The inhibition is proposed to be due to the sum of a repulsion of chloride ions because AOT remains entrapped in the polymer matrix and the presence of the iron oxide. Advantages of the use of surfactants in the electropolymerisation solution are discussed.     

生活中的慢性杀手--石化合成洗剂

文章回顾了石化合成洗剂的发展历史，从经历的五代产品的发展过程中可以看出它经历了一个环保到不环保再到环保的曲折过程分析了石化合成洗剂的主要成分及其清洗去污的作用原理着重指出目前使用的石化合成洗剂虽然给生活带来便利，但同时也给人体健康和生态环境都造成严重的危害；倡导使用新型环保型的第五代洗剂已成为新世纪中清洗剂发展的必然趋势。     

聚氧乙烯化大豆油脚硫酸钠的合成

以大豆油脚为原料,经聚氧乙烯化、硫酸化合成出一种新型的表面活性剂。     

Toward A Mechanistic Understanding of Re-Infiltration in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs with Surfactant-Aided Gravity Drainage Process

Surfactant-aided gravity drainage is an improved oil recovery technique for water-invaded zone in fractured carbonate reservoirs, which are mostly oil-wet or mixed-wet rocks. The re-infiltration mechanism in water-invaded zone has a considerable effect on oil vertical movement in gravity drainage processes. In this work, a mechanistic understanding of re-infiltration in surfactant-aided gravity drainage, in comparison to oil–water gravity drainage is presented using an experimentally and numerically validated model. A column model is constructed from three matrix blocks. These blocks are separated from each other by horizontal fractures. A storage tank is considered on top of the model to store depleted oil from matrix blocks. The stacked-blocks model for re-infiltration is validated and verified to simulate water and chemical flooding using a mesh independency study and experimental flooding data in a composite core experiment. Using this model, several analyses are performed to investigate effects of rock and fluid properties, rock saturation functions, wettability alteration, surfactant adsorption, and capillary continuity on re-infiltration.     

Activity of Bromelain with Cationic Surfactants and the Correlation with the Change of 1H NMR Signals

This study observed the activities of bromelain in the presence of various cationic surfactants at different temperatures and the conformational changes in bromelain by ¹H NMR spectroscopy. We found that the bromelain activity was enhanced by tens to hundreds of micromoles per liter of the surfactant. In the presence of the surfactants, bromelain exhibited good tolerance to a range of substrate temperatures and its thermal stability was also increased. The ¹H NMR experiments indicated that when the temperature was increased from 25.0 to 45.0 °C, the protons of bromelain having chemical shifts (δ) between 3.7 and 5.2 ppm moved upfield, while those having δ values between 3.2 and 3.7 ppm moved downfield. In the bromelain/cationic surfactant mixture, the values of δ for the protons in both bromelain and the cationic surfactants decreased, accompanied by the broadening of the half-peak width of the surfactant protons. These results indicated that both increasing temperature and adding a cationic surfactant made the bromelain chain more flexible and hence, increased the bromelain activity. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first time that the relationship between the protein activity and the ¹H NMR data was expounded.     

Simultaneous recovery of copper and surfactant by an electrolytic process from synthetic solution prepared to simulate a concentrate waste stream of a micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration process

Electroplating method was employed to recover copper and surfactant simultaneously from synthetic solutions prepared to simulate concentrated waste stream generated from micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration. Effects of surfactant and copper (II) concentrations, surfactant to copper (II) molar ratio (S/M), electroplating voltage and time, solution pH, and ionic strength on metal recovery and electrical current efficiency were investigated. Results show that at a fixed S/M ratio of 5, the first-order kinetic constant for Cu (II) removal by electroplating increases with decreasing SDS concentration. At fixed SDS concentration of 8.5 mM, increasing initial Cu (II) concentration increases both Cu (II) recovery and current efficiency. Electrolyte pH has profound effects on the metal recovery and current efficiency due to the difference in solution conductivity after pH adjustment and the extent of Cu (II) adsorption onto SDS at different pHs.     

改性硝酸铵的工业制备方法及其性能

硝酸铵饱和溶液中加入表面活性剂辛基三甲基溴化铵，采用真空膨胀结晶技术工业制备一种新型改性硝酸铵，并介绍其性能特点。     

Facile preparation of amphiphilic oxyethylene-oxypropylene block copolymers by selective triazine coupling

A novel synthetic route for preparing high molecular weight poly(oxyalkylene) block copolymers has been developed by using 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine (cyanuric chloride, cc) as the coupling core. The coupling reaction involves the selective substitutions of oligo(oxyalkylene)-amines onto three chlorides of the triazine ring in a stepwise manner at 0, 25 and 130 °C. By judiciously selecting the starting amines and reaction conditions, one can tailor the copolymer structures with different block configurations (tri-block, multi-block, random and alternating block). The prepared copolymers can have a high molecular weight, up to 25,600 g/mol (GPC polydispersity=1.48), and also high thermal stability due to the presence of triazine functionalities. The copolymers with hydrophilic and hydrophobic oligo(oxyalkylene) blocks are of versatile properties in solubility (water soluble or water insoluble) and morphology (crystalline or amorphous). With a specific structure of alternating oligo(oxyethylene)/oligo(oxypropylene) blocks (2000 g/mol each block), the copolymer exhibits the property of self-association. It reduces the interfacial tension of toluene/water as low as 0.5 dyne/cm at the critical micelle concentration of 0.01 wt%.