应用物理类专业电磁学课程教学内容改革

应用物理类专业的培养目标是培养物理学应用型人才，物理学应用型人才是具备实验物理学家和工程师双重素质的复合型人才，物理学应用型人才应着重技术创新和应用能力的培养，应编写区别于物理学专业的、适应应用物理类专业特点的课程教材，应用物理类专业《电磁学》教材遵循电磁理论发展顺序的体系能体现理论发展的规律，符合普通物理的特点、要求和教学目标，文章论述了应用物理类专业课程教学内容改革的指导思想，介绍了我国第一套适应应用物理专业的面向21世纪的《电磁学》教材的特点。     

中国西南武陵山区跳蛛新种记述（蜘蛛目：跳蛛科）

本文记述跳蛛科13个新种,采自西南武陵山地区。暗跳蛛Asemonea、列锡蛛Lycidas和法老蛛Pharacocerus 3属为我国新记录属。     

蒙特卡罗哈密顿新方案及其检验

蒙特卡罗哈密顿方法(MCH)是研究量子理论的数值模拟新方法, 其优点是可求出超出基态的能谱和波函数. 旧MCH方案需要自由粒子的信息, 较难推广应用于格点规范理论. 本文提出克服这个困难的新方案. 首先介绍这一方案的思想, 并以1维量子力学模型V(x)=μ²x²+λx⁴(其中μ²< 0,λ>0)为例说明实现这一新方案的具体计算步骤和方法.     

中国六种管巢蛛记述（蜘蛛目：管巢蛛科）

本文记述我国管巢蛛6种,即白马管巢蛛Clubiona baimaensis sp. nov.、朝鲜管巢蛛C. corena Paik 金氏管巢蛛C. kimyongkii Paik、琴形管巢蛛C. lyriformis sp. nov.、臼齿管巢蛛C. moralis sp. nov.和江原管巢蛛C. wolchongsensis Paik。其中3种为新种,3种为我国新纪录。文中并提出,乌苏里管巢蛛C. ussurica Michailov(♀)可能与金氏管巢蛛(♂)为同种,因而乌苏里管巢蛛的拉丁字名应为后一种的同物异名。     

超重元素(新核素)合成研究进展情况分析和展望

本文在介绍和分析国际、国内在超重元素（新核素）合成实验研究与理论研究进展情况的基础上对我国今后如何从理论与实验的结合上开展超重元素（核）合成研究工作提出一些看法和建议，提供讨论。     

沐浴海绵Spongia zimocca aubspecles irregularia(Lendenfeld)中的含氮化合物

从沐浴海绵Spongia zimocca aubspecles irregularia(Lendenfeld)分离和处理得到3种含氮化合物,通过波谱法鉴定化学结构,化合物1为新的神经酰胺N-2-(1,3-二羟基-十五烷基)-2′,20′-二十一酰胺,2为神经酰胺(E)-N-2-(1,3-二羟基-4-十八烯基)-十六酰胺,3为醋酸胍.     

Preparation et caracterisation de complexes [cis-4,4′-dinitrodibenzo-18-couronne-6, LnCl3, 3CH3CN]

Some new complexes between thecis-4,4′-dinitrodibenzo-18-crown-6 and rare earth chlorides LnCl₃ (Ln=Nd, Gd, Yb) were synthesized in acetonitrile. Ligandcis-4,4′-dinitrodibenzo-18-crown-6 and its complexes were identified by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis (TG and DTA). Acis-trans isomerisation of the complexed ligand is observed about 148°C when heating the rare earth complex.

     

Oxygen/nitrogen ordering in lanthanum new phase (La3Si8N11O4)

High-resolution ¹⁷O NMR spectra have been collected for crystalline samples of lanthanum new phase, La₃Si₈N₁₁O₄. In conjunction with previously published ²⁹Si and ¹⁵N spectra obtained for this phase, and in the light of the high-quality crystal structure data reported recently, a more detailed interpretation of the NMR spectra is presented than was possible in previous studies. The non-bridging oxygens in the structure are responsible for the single sharp peak seen in the ¹⁷O spectrum at 188 ppm; the remaining oxygens, occupying bridging sites shared with nitrogen, show up only weakly on the ¹⁷O spectrum as a broad diffuse band centered around zero ppm. The peak at −57.3 ppm on the ²⁹Si spectrum is believed to correspond to an overlap of [SiN₄] and [SiON₃] environments, with the −68.2 ppm peak corresponding to an [SiO₂N₂] environment.     

Green Chemistry and Modern Technology

The basic principles, approaches, and early achievements of green chemistry are considered. The definition of green chemistry as a branch of chemistry that studies the laws of passing of chemical reactions and the properties of substances participating in such reactions, with the aim of acquiring basic knowledge that provides a basis for designing chemical technologies that eliminate (sharply curtail) the use and production of materials that pose a risk to the environment.     

A new multi analytical approach for the identification of synthetic and natural dyes mixtures. The case of orcein-mauveine mixture in a historical dress of a Sicilian noblewoman of nineteenth century

Abstract

In this paper, the application of a multi-analytical approach for the characterisation of synthetic and natural dyes in a historical textile is presented. The work is focused on a historical dress of a Sicilian noblewoman, dating from about 1865–1870. Firstly, SERS on fibre was performed, in order to individuate the classes of dyes employed. The SERS spectra suggested the presence of two main dyes: mauveine and orcein. In order to confirm these preliminary results, two different extraction protocols were applied. The extracts obtained were analysed by ESI-MS, MALDI-ToF and UHPCL-MS analyses, confirming the SERS results. In particular, the application of the ammonia mild extraction technique allowed to selectively extract the phenoxazonic dyes, separating them already in the extraction step from the synthetic ones. Thanks to this multi-analytical approach, this dress could be considered as one of the first examples of employment of synthetic dyes in association with natural ones.