A note on the unsteady boundary layers over a flat plate

The unsteady boundary layer over a semi-infinite flat plate was investigated in this paper. The flow involves the unsteady flow over a flat plate with leading edge accretion or ablation. The momentum boundary layer was further analyzed and it was shown that the leading edge ablation had a similar effect to the wall mass injection or upstream wall movement making the fluid blown away from the wall. The thermal boundary layer of the same flow was also studied. Results show that the leading edge accretion or ablation can greatly change the fluid motion and the heat transfer characteristics.     

The moduli space of flat SU (2) and SO (3) connections over surfaces

All the connected components of the moduli space of flat connections on SU (2) and SO (3) (trivial and non-trivial) bundles over closed oriented surfaces are determined. The symplectic structure and volumes of the non-maximal strata of the moduli space are also determined.     

微型热驱动热声热机热端换热器的优化设计

该文基于热声环境,采用厘米级扁管和deltaE数值计算对微型热声换热器进行了优化设计。     

Boiling heat transfer characteristics of nanofluids in a flat heat pipe evaporator with micro-grooved heating surface

An experimental study was performed to understand the nucleate boiling heat transfer of water–CuO nanoparticles suspension (nanofluids) at different operating pressures and different nanoparticle mass concentrations. The experimental apparatus is a miniature flat heat pipe (MFHP) with micro-grooved heat transfer surface of its evaporator. The experimental results indicate that the operating pressure has great influence on the nucleate boiling characteristics in the MFHP evaporator. The heat transfer coefficient and the critical heat flux (CHF) of nanofluids increase greatly with decreasing pressure as compared with those of water. The heat transfer coefficient and the CHF of nanofluids can increase about 25% and 50%, respectively, at atmospheric pressure whereas about 100% and 150%, respectively, at the pressure of 7.4 kPa. Nanoparticle mass concentration also has significant influence on the boiling heat transfer and the CHF of nanofluids. The heat transfer coefficient and the CHF increase slowly with the increase of the nanoparticle mass concentration at low concentration conditions. However, when the nanoparticle mass concentration is over 1.0 wt%, the CHF enhancement is close to a constant number and the heat transfer coefficient deteriorates. There exists an optimum mass concentration for nanofluids which corresponds to the maximum heat transfer enhancement and this optimum mass concentration is 1.0 wt% at all test pressures. The experiment confirmed that the boiling heat transfer characteristics of the MFHP evaporator can evidently be strengthened by using water/CuO nanofluids.     

Left invariant special Kähler structures

We construct left invariant special Kähler structures on the cotangent bundle of a flat pseudo-Riemannian Lie group. We introduce the twisted cartesian product of two special Kähler Lie algebras according to two linear representations by infinitesimal Kähler transformations. We also exhibit a double extension process of a special Kähler Lie algebra which allows us to get all simply connected special Kähler Lie groups with bi-invariant symplectic connections. All Lie groups constructed by performing this double extension process can be identified with a subgroup of symplectic (or Kähler) affine transformations of its Lie algebra containing a nontrivial 1-parameter subgroup formed by central translations. We show a characterization of left invariant flat special Kähler structures using étale Kähler affine representations, exhibit some immediate consequences of the constructions mentioned above, and give several non-trivial examples.     

Compact flat manifolds with holonomy group

In this paper we construct a family of compact flat manifolds, for all dimensions , with holonomy group isomorphic to and first Betti number zero.

     

半导体电极的平带电位

平带电位(E_(fb))是半导体/电解质溶液体系的重要概念,是半导体电极在平带状态时的电极电位,它是半导体电极特有的可以实验测定的物理量。利用Mott-Schottky曲线以及光电化学等方法可以测定平带电位,判断半导体的类型以及估算半导体的载流子浓度,其数值可用于推测半导体的能级结构,确定半导体材料的价带或导带能级位置。这对于与太阳能开发利用相关的半导体光催化和光电化学研究都是非常重要的。本文分析了半导体电极的能带弯曲及影响因素,首次提出半导体界面层内费米能级弯曲,阐明半导体电极平带电位的物理意义及其测定方法,以帮助初学者理解和应用平带电位。     

表面过剩S2-对CdS光催化的影响与带位匹配

用ESR方法研究了硫化镉超微粒子表面被不同浓度的过剩硫离子S2－改性后对其光诱导电子转移及底物的氧化还原反应进程的影响.结果表明,在较高浓度下光还原反应易于进行.若所用底物的氧化还原电位E0为负值,在无过剩S2－存在及低浓度S2－环境中不发生光还原反应,但却可在高浓度S2－环境发生反应; 若底物的E0为正值,则在无硫离子及较低硫离子浓度下能够发生的光氧化反应,在高浓度时则被完全抑止.这是由于表面过剩S2－的作用,改变了底物的氧化还原电位与半导体超细微粒带隙间的匹配关系.根据Langmuir 等温吸附模型,进一步导出了修饰物的浓度c与平带电位负移值间的关系表达式ΔEfb=Δ Kc/(1＋Kc).可以合理解释修饰物 S2－的浓度越高,Efb负移越大,越有利于光还原反应的实验事实.因此根据需要,适当地选择修饰物并控制浓度,使带隙位置与底物氧化还原电位间能有合适的匹配,有助于调节光化学反应的选择性与方向.     

强激光装置中玻璃疵病在线检测的光学系统设计

介绍了一种用于玻璃疵病在线检测的近摄工作距成像光学系统,其光组结构形式采用了光阑后置的准远心结构形式,主要光学参量为f′=14 mm;在物像距为250 mm约束条件下,物方视场达到90 mm（对角线）;F/number=3.56;光谱适应范围为400~800 nm,对应的空间分辨率为100 lp/mm时,调制传递函数大于0.29.