Effects of different angling practices on post-release behaviour of nest-guarding male black bass, Micropterus spp.

Abstract  This study evaluated how different angling practices affect the short-term post-release behaviour of nest-guarding male black bass, Micropterus spp. Male largemouth bass, M. salmoides (Lacepède), and smallmouth bass, M. dolomieu (Lacepède), were angled from their nests and subjected to treatments designed to simulate a variety of common angling practices associated with catch-and-release angling, including fishing tournaments. In addition, some nests had broods reduced (removal of the majority of the eggs or fry from the nest) during the angling treatments to simulate predation of offspring during the angling event. Fish subjected to procedures simulating fishing tournaments (including a 1-h livewell confinement and release 100 m from the nest) exhibited significantly longer rest periods prior to returning to their nest than did other treatment groups. This rest period was longer for largemouth bass than smallmouth bass. Brood removal and air exposure increased abandonment rates compared with controls. These results show that sublethal stressors inherent in some angling practices (such as air exposure and livewell confinement) may delay the return of male black bass to their nest. In the presence of nest predators, the delay in return time could result in increased nest abandonment.     

Physiological response of one of South Africa’s premier freshwater sport angling species,the Orange-Vaal smallmouth yellowfish Labeobarbus aeneus,to catch-and-release angling

The practice of catch-and-release fishing has been widely promoted by angling fraternities as a fisheries manage- ment tool. The aim of this investigation was to determine the physiological response of Orange-Vaal smallmouth yellowfish, Labeobarbus aeneus, to catch-and-release angling in the Vaal River, South Africa. Fish were collected using standard fly-fishing techniques, anaesthetised in clove oil and blood was drawn from the caudal vein; thereafter the fish were weighed, measured, revived and released. Blood plasma was analysed for concentra- tions of glucose, cortisol and lactate to determine the effects of angling duration, fish size and water tempera- ture. Larger fish were angled for a longer duration compared with smaller fish. Levels of glucose were affected by water temperature (influenced by time of year). Plasma glucose concentrations decreased with greater angling duration. Few individuals (n = 12) showed increased plasma cortisol concentrations. In extended-capture fish (angled for >1 min), lactate concentrations increased significantly above values for rapid-capture fish (angled for >30 s). These data suggest that catch-and-release causes physiological stress to fish, but nonetheless this practice can be a valuable fisheries management tool to ensure the sustainability of fish populations. Other factors beyond the ‘angling’ time are likely to contribute to physiological disruptions in homeostasis and therefore handling and air exposure of angled fish should be included in future catch-and–release angling studies. In addition, the longer-term impact of angling on fish health should also be determined.     

Influence of using plants to design landscape in city recreational squares on environment

Through the investigation on influence of temperature,humidity and effects of landscape in Harbin First Department Store(Hayibai)Center Recreational Square,the influence of landscape designing of plant on the environment was researched.Two improved suggestions were given after analyzing the results of the investigation.One is to further plan the market of designing of city recreational square,and to manage and maintain the city recreational square;the other is to make good policies to control and avoid some large scale political projects.     

Examining changes in participation in recreational fisheries in England and Wales

Abstract Inland fisheries in England and Wales have high economic and social values. Managing participation to maximise fishery performance is key to maintaining this status. The capital value of fishing rights for migratory salmonid fisheries is €165 million. Coarse fisheries contribute €1030 million to the economy. The central tenet to increasing participation in recreational salmonid fisheries is that an increase in stock size will result in more anglers accessing the fishery. This was examined for salmon on the rivers Usk and Lune where exploitation restrictions increased the number of salmon available to anglers. On the River Lune, the number of salmon available post‐intervention increased by 66%. There was no significant increase in catch while the number of anglers decreased by 16.3%. On the River Usk, the closure of the net fishery potentially resulted in an additional ～1200 salmon being available. Following closure, there was no significant change in rod catch or in the number of anglers. Increased participation is dependent less upon stock manipulation for coarse fisheries and more upon facilitating the activity. In recent years, urban fishery development programmes have provided improved access to local fishing opportunity. Also, new anglers have been targeted through campaigns such as Get Hooked on Fishing and the Scout Angler Badge.     

Reflections on the influence of a synthesis of circle‐hook evidence on the angling community and conservation policy and practice

1. Understanding how different forms of environmental evidence inform the actions of different stakeholders is useful to improve how we share knowledge with knowledge users. Reflections on a literature review that we published in 2004 on circle hooks as a tool for fish conservation in the recreational fishing sector identified a number of ways in which that synthesis was influential.
2. The article has had direct influence on policy and regulations in a number of countries, but there were even more examples of where the article has been used to influence voluntary guidelines. The article also contributed to formally defining circle hooks, which was necessary from a regulatory and enforcement perspective.
3. The recreational fishing community has also embraced the work, with numerous angling articles based on the literature review appearing in the media and with some angler organizations pushing for the adoption of circle hooks. The fishing tackle industry has also responded with evidence that circle hooks are now more widely available in stores with more hook design options to suit diverse recreational fisheries. In addition, the influence of the article has extended beyond the recreational sector to commercial fishery issues that span several taxa. The research agenda from the article helped to direct research for more than a decade and has since been updated.
4. Overall, this review was timely in that it provided various knowledge users with credible information synthesized in a thoughtful manner at a time when there was interest and need in exploring circle hooks as a tool to enhance the conservation of angled fish. Although this was not a systematic review, it still served as a form of evidence synthesis that gave diverse knowledge users information to guide them in their decisions.

     

休闲渔业的现状与在我国的发展对策

20世纪60年代以来，休闲渔业在一些经济较为发达的沿海国家和地区迅速崛起，将休闲、娱乐、旅游、餐饮等行业与渔业有机结合为一体，提高了渔业的社会、生态和经济效益，形成一种新型产业。休闲渔业已经成为现代渔业的重要组成部分，并在渔业资源保护、促进渔民增收、调整渔业产业结构等方面都有其不可忽视的作用。然而，作为一种新兴产业的发展，必然要有配套的规划和管理，本文对这一问题进行了深入研究，并提出了一些对策。     

河流游憩规划的基本问题探讨

在对河流游憩概念认识、发展背景和研究进展进行分析的基础上,从资源保护的视角出发,对河流游憩规划的本质和国外规划实践中所面临的基本问题及其解决方法进行深入探讨,认为游憩利用和保护的关系协调、游憩和其他河流利用的关系协调、游憩利用本身所面临的问题是河流游憩规划需要解决的基本问题,得出保护性利用是河流游憩规划主旋律的结论。     

城市开放空间中高容集率游憩型空间的营造

本文针对城市开放空间用地紧张而有户外游憩要求的民众不断增加这一矛盾,重点关注城市开放空间的容集率问题,深入探讨游憩型空间的类型及如何结合特殊的景观设计手法提高城市开放空间中游憩空间的使用效率及容集率。     

苏浙沪休闲渔业发展比较研究

简述江苏、浙江和上海休闲渔业的发展背景及相关研究成果。提出长三角地区休闲渔业发展的3项动因,一是市场需求促使农业休闲旅游成为国家战略选择,二是全国范围内渔业产业结构在调整中得到优化,三是地方政府加大了投入力度。提炼并详细论述了苏浙沪三地不同的休闲渔业发展模式。通过比较指出,不同模式的形成使三地休闲渔业在发展理念、游客分布、经营主体等方面存在差异。最后提出发展建议,认为建立长三角休闲渔业战略联盟、统一行业规范标准、拓宽开发渠道、推广垂钓竞技、挖掘渔业文化、注重生态资源保护,将利于三地休闲渔业进一步发展。     

海南省休闲渔业空间分布及影响因素分析

科学合理的企业空间布局有利于休闲渔业经营单位减少资源调配成本,发挥区位优势。研究以海南省799个休闲渔业经营单位为研究对象,综合运用最近邻指数、变异系数、核密度分析法、聚类和异常值分析,借助ArcGIS空间分析工具,从分布形态、分布均衡程度、分布密度三个维度对海南省休闲渔业经营单位的空间分布特征进行分析,并对其空间分布特征的影响因素进行探讨。结果表明：（1）海南省休闲渔业经营单位整体上呈现集聚型的分布形态,集聚程度由高到低排序依次是琼北区、琼南区、琼西区、琼东区、琼中区;（2）海南省休闲渔业经营单位的空间分布密度具有显著差异性,形成南北两极,零星集聚,沿海环绕内陆的密度特征,密度梯度自沿海向内陆呈现4个等级的递减差度;（3）海南省休闲渔业经营单位的空间分布受到交通、市场、景区区位因素的影响显著,符合“沿路”、“环城”、“傍景”的分布规律;同时,人口规模和经济水平也在一定程度上影响休闲渔业经营单位的空间分布。研究结果可为优化海南省休闲渔业企业选址,提高企业经营效率提供科学依据。