明代碧蹄馆之役及中日和谈考实

本文主要考察了明代碧蹄馆之役明军伤亡数、退师开城以及中日和谈三个问题。指出碧蹄馆之役明军伤亡仅三百二十人左右,非惨败;退师开城仅是出于战局的需要,不是败退;中日和谈由日方主动提出,明方为避免不必要伤亡以收复王京而加以同意,故明神宗、宋应昌、李如松不应受太大的苛责。     

Role of urban governance in the process of bus system reform in Seoul

The Seoul Metropolitan Government (SMG) executed an innovative bus system reform in July 2004. The bus lines were reorganized as trunk, feeder, and circular routes; and bus numbers were arranged into eight areas. The monopolized route systems were reorganized as a semi-public operation, with a route tendering system to induce competition. A unified fare system was introduced taking into account transfers between buses; buses and the subway, and other modes of public transportation, all with the development of a new transportation card system. Exclusive median bus lanes were constructed in three major corridors. The main purposes of this paper are to (1) discuss the background and necessity of the bus system reform; (2) review the composition and functions of the Bus System Reform Citizen Committee (BSRCC), which instigated the reform; (3) analyze the role of BSRCC as a type of urban governance; and (4) provide policy implications. The study employs three techniques—literature reviews of the realities of bus service, in-depth interviews with stakeholders to analyze the roles and benefits of the BSRCC, and participant observation via a BSRCC member. All these help to shed light on a new form of urban governance which broke from the execution lead only by officials of the SMG.     

奥巴马政府的核政策与朝核问题

第二届首尔核安全峰会的召开,激起国际社会对朝核问题的关注。作为重要的国际核安全问题,朝鲜核问题在美国新的核安全政策中处于何种地位,奥巴马政府将如何处理朝核问题成为国际社会关注热点。本文旨在探讨朝核问题自身的特殊性,分析奥巴马政府核安全政策的本质与内在矛盾,进而揭示美国新的核安全政策仍旧很难解决其在朝核问题上面临的困境。     

Labour and life in the global Asian city: the discrepant mobilities of migrant workers and English teachers in Seoul

ABSTRACT

Transnational mobilities are often conceived as interconnected with cities as ‘magnets’ for migrants, ‘nodes’ in mobility trajectories or ‘destinations’ for settlement. This paper frames the urban as critical to conceptualising the manner that mobility is actively and contingently assembled across the border and in the constitution of migrant lives. This argument builds on understanding the relationship between urban life and migration regimes in South Korea where the state and infrastructures of migration play a strong role in moulding the forms and outcomes of transnational mobilities in the everyday spaces of cities. The paper examines the urban lives of two differently positioned mobile populations in the Seoul Metropolitan Region: migrant workers in the manufacturing industries and English teachers working in schools, private academies and universities. Drawing on Said’s ‘contrapuntal’ analysis, the paper explores the ways in which these migrant lives overlap and diverge: in recent political-economic transformations and the regulation of migration, the urban geographies of labour and life, and the timing of migration. In doing so, the paper offers a window into Seoul’s emerging reliance on and differential incorporation of migrants and demonstrates the critical interlinkages between the governmental technologies of border crossing, everyday life and possibilities for the future.     

韩国外语教师教育课程的特点及启示——以首尔大学英语教育系为例

韩国外语教师教育课程分为教养课程、教职课程和学科专业课程3部分。以首尔大学教育学院英语教育系的教师教育课程为例，分析3部分课程的具体形态，并将其与中国、日本、新加坡等其他亚洲国家的外语教师教育课程进行对比。韩国外语教师教育课程呈现出三大特点：第一，教职课程比例偏低；第二，实践课程较为薄弱；第三，模块选择制凸显灵活性。在分析韩国外语教师教育课程利与弊的基础上，认为未来我国外语教师教育课程建设应着力于四个方面：（1）整合不同模块的课程内容，使之形成合力，共同指向卓越教师培养；（2）适当提高职业课程所占比例，夯实师范生职业素养；（3）目标指向更加明确，以更好地体现国家政策要求；（4）进一步优化教育实习的时间安排，丰富教育实习形式，让师范生得以在实践中稳步成长。     

Dynamic decomposition of regional wage differentials in Korea

Using a Juhn–Murphy–Pierce (JMP) decomposition, this study analyses the dynamic changes in regional wage differentials between the Seoul Metropolitan Areas and other regions in South Korea. Data from the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study for three years (2000, 2004, and 2008) is used. JMP decomposition provides information about the components that explain changes in regional wage differentials over time. Between 2000 and 2004, the variations in observed and unobserved components are associated with counteracting effects on regional wage differentials. While changes in observed components contribute more to widen regional wage differentials, those in unobserved components narrow them. However, between 2004 and 2008, both observed and unobserved components move in the same direction to narrow regional wage differentials. Based on our empirical results, we discuss some policy implications.     

汉城城市发展的人口轨迹及对上海的启示

上海核心城区人口密度是世界第一位,由此带来交通拥挤、环境污染、能源短缺等一系列问题,成为阻碍上海经济发展的巨大瓶颈。汉城与上海同是亚洲城市,在自然资源、经济发展历程和产业结构方面都非常相似。从上个世纪60年代开始,汉城经历了经济的高速增长,其人口也随之迅猛上升,上海面临的经济瓶颈也正是汉城曾经或者现在正面临的问题。本文深入研究了汉城政府在面临相似经济增长瓶颈时,为抑制人口增长所采取的各种手段,包括迁都、限制中心地区工业发展、建造新城等,对其政策动机和效果进行相应的分析评价,并比较分析了汉城人口与经济增长之间的相关关系,借鉴其经验教训来解决上海中心城区拥挤问题,认为适当减少上海中心城区人口会有利于上海经济的发展,并在此基础上制定合理的城市发展策略,以实现上海的持续健康稳定发展。