草酸钙在硫酸软骨素自组装膜上周期沉淀的研究

利用硫酸软骨素(chondroitin sulfate，CS)在云母基底上通过浇铸法制备的自组装膜为基底，诱导草酸钙在其上的凝集生长。发现当硫酸软骨素的浓度为1．Omg／ml时在该膜体系中可形成规整的周期性草酸钙环状沉淀。这种有序的环状结构可能是耗散结构的一种具体表现形式。利用原子力显微镜(atomic forcemicroscope，AFM)和傅立叶红外光谱仪对这种结构进行了表征，实验结果显示合适浓度下形成的CS膜在一定程度上可以抑制草酸钙的凝集结晶，表明高分子基质与无机离子间强烈的相互作用对无机盐的成核结晶有显著影响，为探讨结石的形成与抑制提供了一定的实验依据。     

New Reaction Engineering Concepts for Selective Oxidation Reactions

In order to enhance product yields in selective oxidation reactions, numerous reaction engineering concepts are being studied worldwide. Periodic operation has been investigated for decades, yet its application is limited to a few examples, such as the butane oxidation after DuPont or reverse-flow reactors for VOC removal. The use of microchannel reactors is a younger field, but it has already yielded promising results for process optimization. Catalytic wall reactors have proved to be a helpful tool for kinetic studies. On the laboratory scale, membrane reactors have displayed favorable behavior in selective oxidation. The Na vapor-catalyzed dehydrogenation of methanol to formaldehyde is a final example of an unusual new concept for selective oxidation.     

Application of piece‐wise linear weight functions for 2D 8‐node quadrilateral element in contact problems

The present study is a continuation of our previous work with the aim to reduce problems caused by standard higher order elements in contact problems. The difficulties can be attributed to the inherent property of the Galerkin method which gives uneven distributions of nodal forces resulting in oscillating contact pressures. The proposed remedy is use of piece‐wise linear weight functions. The methods to establish stiffness and/or mass matrix for 8‐node quadrilateral element in 2D are presented, i.e. the condensing and direct procedures. The energy and nodal displacement error norms are also checked to establish the convergence ratio. Interpretation of calculated contact pressures is discussed. Two new 2D 8‐node quadrilateral elements, QUAD8C and QUAD8D, are derived and tested in many examples, which show their good performance in contact problems. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Development and simulation studies of an unsteady state biofilter model for the treatment of cyclic air emissions of an α‐pinene gas stream

This paper describes the development and simulation of an unsteady state biofilter model used to predict dynamic behaviour of cyclically‐operated biofilters and compares it with experimental results obtained from three, parallel, bench‐scale biofilters treating both periodically fluctuating concentrations and constant concentrations of an α‐pinene‐laden gas stream. The dynamic model, using kinetic parameters estimated from the constant concentration biofilter, was able to predict the performance of cyclic biofilters operating at short cycle periods (ie, in the order of minutes and hours). Steady state kinetic data from a constant concentration biofilter can be used to predict unsteady state biofilter operation. At a 24 h cycle period, the dynamic model compared well with experimental results. For long cycle periods (ie, hours and days), removal efficiency decreased after periods of non‐loading: the longer the period of non‐loading, the poorer the biofilter's performance at the re‐commencement of pollutant loading. At longer time scales the model did not effectively predict transient behaviour, as adsorption and changes in kinetic parameters were not accounted for. Modelling results showed that similar biofiltration performance for the cyclic and constant concentration biofiltration of α‐pinene is expected for biofilters operating solely in the first order kinetics regime. Poorer performance for cyclic biofilters following Monod kinetics spanning the entire kinetics range is expected as the cycle amplitude increases. The most important parameters affecting the performance of a cyclically‐operated biofilter with short cycle periods are: amplitude of cyclic fluctuations, C_{g, max}/C_g, relative value of the half‐saturation constant in the Monod expression, K_s, and effective diffusivity of α‐pinene in the biofilm, D_e. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

多时滞Lotka-Volterra互惠系统周期正解的存在性

用重合度理论研究具时滞非自治Lotka-Volterra互惠系统，获得了周期正解的存在性，推广了Gopalsamy及He(1997)的结果。     

一种工艺过程流体强化装置

介绍了一种提高工艺过程效率的强化装置,即通过在过程设备上设置振荡装置,使过程设备内的流体产生扰动,破坏流动边界层,使流体获得附加雷诺数提高流动的湍流程度,达到强化过程设备内工艺过程的目的。该强化装置的调节弹性大,适应范围宽。调节强化装置中转子的转速、几何尺寸、空间位置和方向等参数或更换挡板形式,就能适应各种工艺过程条件。该装置可用于传热、传质及化学反应等多种过程,以提高过程效率,节约能源和资金,减小设备体积,并可将机械搅拌类的间歇过程转化为连续过程。     

Temperature Oscillation Calorimetry: Robustness analysis of different algorithms for the evaluation of the heat transfer coefficient

Applicability of different temperature oscillation calorimetry algorithms, previously proposed in the literature, for the evaluation of the heat transfer coefficient during the course of the reaction, is analysed by referring to the experimental data from a methyl methacrylate polymerisation reactor.Results are coincident in the nominal case (no errors on data), while differences appear in the elaboration of real data. The effect of uncertainty in the experimental data has been simulated in terms of error on the amplitude and on the phase of reactor and jacket temperature profiles.This approach allows to indicate algorithms having the best robustness properties and to give an explanation of phase errors in terms of a lumped parameter which accounts for different phenomena, not included in the basic hypotheses of the method. Based on this observation, a procedure to eliminate this source of errors from experimental data is proposed for the more general algorithm presented to handle oscillating temperature profiles generated by different techniques.     

Viscoelasticity of oxidized starch/low methoxy pectin mixtures in the presence of glucose syrup

The structural properties of mixtures of pectin, oxidized starch and glucose syrup were investigated using small deformation dynamic oscillation. In the absence of added calcium, preparations of low methoxy pectin with glucose syrup formed viscous solutions, which remained crystal-free at subzero temperatures. Samples of oxidized starch and glucose syrup, on the other hand, exhibited solid-like behaviour because of the crystalline nature of the amylose-like helices. Mixtures of the two polysaccharides with the co-solute clearly showed phase inversion from liquid to solid-like behaviour with increasing amounts of starch in the formulation. The transformation was reflected in the textural properties of samples, which varied from thick solutions to firm gels. The viscoelasticity of the system was modified further by the introduction of high methoxy pectin. Preparations of high methoxy pectin and glucose syrup formed rubbery gels whose amorphous nature underwent a glass transition during cooling.     

弱激发氩离子激光的振荡频率特性

通过改变激光器的相对激发,观察到了氩离子激光器振荡频率的演变特性。用模竞争效应对实验现象进行了理论解释。     

机组油膜振荡故障的诊断和处理

通过对广州发电厂1号机组3号轴承突发剧烈振动的现象和测试结果的分析，对振动故障进行诊断并提出解决办法，对3号轴承轴瓦进行处理后，机组恢复正常运行状态。