全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3483篇 |
免费 | 400篇 |
国内免费 | 51篇 |
学科分类
工业技术 | 3934篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 38篇 |
2023年 | 143篇 |
2022年 | 270篇 |
2021年 | 288篇 |
2020年 | 191篇 |
2019年 | 217篇 |
2018年 | 189篇 |
2017年 | 182篇 |
2016年 | 174篇 |
2015年 | 150篇 |
2014年 | 152篇 |
2013年 | 208篇 |
2012年 | 172篇 |
2011年 | 163篇 |
2010年 | 131篇 |
2009年 | 111篇 |
2008年 | 123篇 |
2007年 | 110篇 |
2006年 | 115篇 |
2005年 | 116篇 |
2004年 | 79篇 |
2003年 | 83篇 |
2002年 | 60篇 |
2001年 | 60篇 |
2000年 | 47篇 |
1999年 | 40篇 |
1998年 | 54篇 |
1997年 | 41篇 |
1996年 | 34篇 |
1995年 | 32篇 |
1994年 | 29篇 |
1993年 | 30篇 |
1992年 | 22篇 |
1991年 | 19篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3934条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Quality of Crude Fish Oil Extracted from Herring Byproducts of Varying States of Freshness 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ABSTRACT: Herring byproducts were stored at 2 and 15 °C for up to 72 h. Over time, significant increases of total volatile bases (TVB), histamine, putrescine, cadaverine, and tyramine were detected. However, only tyramine and TVB levels were temperature-dependent. The level of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was constant. Longer byproducts storage gave rise to an oil with higher levels of free fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and total PUFAs, while fluorescent compounds were lower. A higher storage temperature led to oil higher in α-tocopherol and EPA levels and lower in anisidine value. Surprisingly, the oil with the highest content of PUFAs was not produced from the freshest byproducts, and oil with low oxidation products can be extracted from stored byproducts. 相似文献
2.
V. A. Roginsky T. K. Barsukova A. A. Remorova W. Bors 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1996,73(6):777-786
The relative reactivities as well as the stoichiometric coefficients for a number of flavonoids, catechols, and—for comparison—standard
phenolic antioxidants were determined by analyzing the kinetics of oxygen consumption in organic and micellar systems, with
peroxidation initiated by lipid- and water-soluble azo initiators. The results demonstrated that the flavonoids did not behave
as classic phenolic antioxidants such as α-tocopherol, but showed only moderate chain-breaking activities. The results were
in line with other structure-activity relationship studies on the importance of the B-ring catechol structure, the 2,3-double
bond, and the 3,5-hydroxy groups. The data are discussed in view of possible explanations of the deviations flavonoids reveal
in their behavior compared with regular phenolic antioxidants. 相似文献
3.
Ke-Shun Liu 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1994,71(11):1179-1187
Theoretically, preparation of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) deals with reversible chemical reactions in a complex system.
Methodologically, there are numerous ways, generally characterized by the type of catalysts used and steps involved. Although
there are more than a half dozen common catalysts, the majority fall into either acidic (HCl, H2SO4 and BF3) or alkaline types (NaOCH3, KOH and NaOH), with each having its own catalytic capability and application limitations. In terms of steps, many conventional
methods, including those officially recognized, consist of drying, digestion, extraction, purification, alkaline hydrolysis,
transmethylation/methylation and postreaction work-up. Although these methods are capable of providing reliable estimates
if some precautions are taken, they are cumbersome, time-consuming and cost-inefficient. A new approach has been to transmethylate
lipidsin situ. Due to its simplicity, high sensitivity, comparable reliability and capability to determine total fatty acids, the method
of direct transmethylation is finding a unique place in lipid determination. Regardless of which method is used, quantitative
methylation requires chemists to take precautions at every step involved, particularly during FAME formation and subsequent
recovery steps. Evidently, there is an urgent need for more systematic studies, guided by the chemical principle of reactions
involved and physicochemical properties of regents and end products, into factors affecting these steps. Hopefully, this will
lead to an improved method, which measures lipid composition in biological materials not only with high accuracy but also
with high efficiency and minimum costs. 相似文献
4.
Total superoxide dismutase (SOD:superoxide: superoxide oxidoreductase; EC 1.15.1.1) activity and individual activities of its three different metalloenzymes, CuZn-SOD, Fe-SOD, and Mn-SOD, were investigated during senescence of apples (Malus domestica Borkh.). Total SOD activity and relative activities of its three forms varied greatly among cultivars. Activities underwent considerable change during senescence of fruit, but changes were different among cultivars. Whether fruit senesced at 0°C or 20°C had little effect on SOD activities, and application of the antioxidant diphenylamine (DPA) did not alter activities. SOD activities increased with occurrence of the physiological disorder “senescent breakdown,” but did not increase with occurrence of the disorder “superficial scald.” In a given apple cultivar, changes in total SOD activity generally paralleled activities of the different SOD forms. Such activity may reflect changes affecting food and nutritive quality of the fruit. 相似文献
5.
Lipid-Lowering Effect of Eriocitrin, the Main Flavonoid in Lemon Fruit, in Rats on a High-Fat and High-Cholesterol Diet 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Yoshiaki Miyake Eriko Suzuki Satoko Ohya Syuichi Fukumoto Masanori Hiramitsu Kazuhiro Sakaida Toshihiko Osawa Yukio Furuichi 《Journal of food science》2006,71(9):S633-S637
ABSTRACT: Eriocitrin (eriodictyol 7- O -β-rutinoside) is the main flavonoid in lemon fruit. In this study, eriocitrin was investigated for its lowering effect on serum and hepatic lipids in high-fat and high-cholesterol fed rats. Rats in the control group ( N = 6) were fed a 20% lard and 1% cholesterol diet for 21 d, and rats in the 0.35% eriocitrin group ( N = 6) and 0.70% eriocitrin group ( N = 6) were fed a diet supplemented with eriocitrin 0.35% and 0.70%, respectively. The content of hepatic total cholesterol and triglyceride in the eriocitrin group was no different from that of the control group. The total cholesterol, VLDL+LDL, triglyceride, and phospholipid in the serum of the 0.35% eriocitrin group showed significantly lower concentrations than the control group ( P < 0.05), although there was no difference in the HDL concentrations among the groups. The lowering effect of eriocitrin for serum total cholesterol was thought to be caused by a decrease in VLDL+LDL. The 0.35% eriocitrin group was shown to have a significant increase in excretion of fecal bile acid ( P < 0.05) and a tendency for enhanced hepatic m-RNA levels of LDL receptor in comparison with the control group. 相似文献
6.
Ibuprofen is a well-known nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which can interact with lipid membranes. In this paper, the interaction of ibuprofen with bilayer lipid membrane was studied by UV-vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and AC impedance spectroscopy. UV-vis spectroscopy data indicated directly that ibuprofen could interact with lipid vesicles. In electrochemical experiments, ibuprofen displayed a biphasic behavior on bilayer lipid membrane supported on a glassy carbon electrode. It could stabilize the lipid membrane in low concentration, while it induced defects formation, even removed off bilayer lipid membrane from the surface of the electrode with increasing concentration. The mechanism about the interaction between ibuprofen and supported bilayer lipid membrane was discussed. 相似文献
7.
E Aida Pea‐Ramos Youling L Xiong Guillermo E Arteaga 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》2004,84(14):1908-1918
Whey protein isolate (WPI) was hydrolysed for 1 h using Alcalase, Protamex and Flavourzyme. Native WPI, hydrolysed WPI and two commercial WPI hydrolysates were subjected to fractionation by size exclusion chromatography. Antioxidant activity of WPI fractions was measured with a liposome‐oxidising system (50 µM FeCl3/0.1 µM ascorbate, pH 7.0). Lipid oxidation was measured as thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS). Gel electrophoresis and amino acid analysis were run to identify the peptide composition. The influence of amino acid composition on antioxidant activity was evaluated using multivariate analysis methods (correlation analysis, principal component analysis, multiple linear regression and discriminant analysis). TBARS assays indicated the presence of antioxidant activity in all protein fractions, including non‐hydrolysed WPI. For native and hydrolysed WPI samples the first fraction (> 45 kDa) showed a higher TBARS inhibition effect (24–27%) when compared with lower‐molecular‐weight fractions and hydrolysate mixtures. In contrast, for commercial WPI hydrolysates a higher inhibitory effect was found in most of the lower‐molecular‐weight fractions (30–55%). The ability of WPI fractions to delay lipid oxidation was found to be related to the prevalence of histidine and hydrophobic amino acids. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
8.
The effects of antioxidants or hot packaging and their combination on lipid oxidation were quite variable depending on the additives in turkey meat. The TBARS values of cooked patties were greatly affected by the degree of oxidation in the raw meat, and the effectiveness of antioxidants varied with added prooxidants. Ascorbate and free radical terminators had stronger antioxidant effects than iron chelators, and chelating iron alone could not eliminate lipid oxidation in either raw or cooked meat with added NaCl. The combination of hot packaging and antioxidants provided cooked patties with better protection from lipid oxidation than either treatment alone. 相似文献
9.
碱土金属氧化物催化氧化异丙苯反应研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
考察了碱土金属氧化物CaO、MgO和SrO在催化氧化异丙苯合成过氧化氢异丙苯 (CHP)反应中的性能。3种催化剂的活性顺序为 :CaO >MgO >SrO。采用Hammett指示剂分别表征了碱土金属氧化物的碱强度。碱强度H-=15 0~ 18 4的碱性中心有利于异丙苯过氧化合成CHP反应。采用红外光谱分析了异丙苯在MgO、CaO催化剂表面的吸附态。异丙苯通过异丙基叔碳原子上的氢原子与CaO催化剂表面碱中心发生化学吸附 ,弱化了异丙基叔碳原子上的C—H键 ,从而有利于催化异丙苯氧化合成CHP的反应。MgO与异丙苯的异丙基叔碳上的氢原子的相互作用弱于CaO与异丙苯的异丙基叔碳上的氢原子的相互作用 ,使MgO催化异丙苯氧化的反应活性低于CaO催化异丙苯氧化的反应活性 相似文献
10.
J. Dudley Williams Kim N. Holland David M. Jameson Reimar C. Bruening 《Journal of chemical ecology》1992,18(11):2107-2115
Yellowfin tuna enhance their hunting success in the vast pelagic environment by using their sense of smell to detect intact (uninjured) prey that are beyond visual range. However, the olfactory cues that tuna use would normally face huge and rapid dilution in the open ocean. We demonstrate that these prey odors are complexed within biologically derived lipid structures that probably delay the dilution of the amino acids to subthreshold concentrations and provide persistent arousal and search cues for the tuna. This may be the first demonstration of an extracorporeal biological function for liposomes. Tuna may also form chemical search images to maximize feeding efficiency. We demonstrate that the amino acid profiles of various prey species are consistent over time and between schools, which makes the formation of search images feasible. 相似文献