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1.
醇解技术在制备皮革加脂剂方面的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文介绍了醇解反应的动力学、影响醇解反应收率的因素以及醇解反应在合成加脂剂方面的应用。 相似文献
2.
This article deals with the kinetics of two-step anionic polymerization by way of a non-steady state method. Several molecular parameters can be evaluated using the formulae developed. A bimodal molecular weight distribution function for the resulting polymer is derived from the set of kinetic differential equations, which is in agreement with the experimental data reported. 相似文献
3.
ABSTRACT: Texture changes during ripening of Port Salut Argentino cheese for different sampling zones were studied. Compression relaxation tests were performed and results were analyzed using both Maxwellian and Peleg's models. Elastic equilibrium modulus obtained from the Maxwellian model decreased from 1.22 to 0.11 104 Pa during ripening. The constants derived from Peleg's model, k1 and k2 , diminished with ripening time from 1.18 to 0.71 min and from 1.27 to 1.12, respectively. Asymptotic equilibrium modulus from Peleg's model decreased from 0.95 to 0.07 104 Pa during ripening. Rate parameters derived from a 1st order kinetics applied to both equilibrium moduli showed that the decrease was faster in the external zone (0.0846 d−1 ) than in the central zone (0.0368 d−1 ). The correlation between equilibrium moduli, salt concentration, moisture content, and maturation indexes was obtained with a determination coefficient of 0.76. 相似文献
4.
5.
Omar Snchez Estrella Asp María C Martí Marlene Roeckel 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2005,80(11):1261-1267
Most of the kinetic studies on nitrification have been performed in diluted salts medium. In this work, the ammonia oxidation rate (AOR) was determined by respirometry at different ammonia (0.01 and 33.5 mg N‐NH3 L?1), nitrite (0–450 mg N‐NO2? L?1) and nitrate (0 and 275 mg N‐NO3? L?1) concentrations in a saline medium at 30 °C and pH 7.5. Sodium azide was used to uncouple the ammonia and nitrite oxidation, so as to measure independently the AOR. It was determined that ammonia causes substrate inhibition and that nitrite and nitrate exhibit product inhibition upon the AOR. The effects of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate were represented by the Andrews equation (maximal ammonia oxidation rate, rAOMAX, = 43.2 [mg N‐NH3 (g VSSAO h)?1]; half saturation constant, KSAO, = 0.11 mg N‐NH3 L?1; inhibition constant KIAO, = 7.65 mg N‐NH3 L?1), by the non‐competitive inhibition model (inhibition constant, KINI, = 176 mg N‐NO2? L?1) and by the partially competitive inhibition model (inhibition constant, KINA, = 3.3 mg N‐NO3? L?1; α factor = 0.24), respectively. The rAOMAX value is smaller, and the KSAO value larger, than the values reported in diluted salts medium; the KIAO value is comparable to those reported. Process simulations with the kinetic model in batch nitrifying reactors showed that the inhibitory effects of nitrite and nitrate are significant for initial ammonia concentrations larger than 100 mg N‐NH4+ L?1. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
6.
A new method of studying the corrosion inhibition mechanism of rare earth metal(REM) on LC4 Al alloy with the spilt cell technique was studied. The principle and experimental method of the spilt cell technique were analyzed. By measuring the change of net-electric current between the two electrodes caused by the change of the amount of oxygen in the solution and the addition of CeCl3, the influence of corrosive performance of CeCl3 on LC4 super-power aluminum alloy in the 0.1 mol·L−1 NaCl solution was investigated. Meanwhile, the conditional changes of pH values, CeCl3 solution, additire and time of performance were also studied. Finally, the features of electrode surface were revealed by using SEM and X-ray energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS). By combining these with other electric chemical techniques, such as potential-time curve, polarization curve et al. 相似文献
7.
研究了不同温度下PTT(聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯)直接酯化反应动力学。建立了零级和一级反应动力学模型。用实验数据进行的检验表明,一级动力学模型更为接近该反应过程。 相似文献
8.
Ring‐opening polymerization of D,L ‐lactide (LA) has been successfully carried out by using rare earth 2,6‐dimethylaryloxide (Ln(ODMP)3) as single component catalyst or initiator for the first time. The effects of different rare earth elements, solvents, monomers and catalyst concentration as well as polymerization temperature and time on the polymerization were investigated. The results show that La(ODMP)3 exhibits higher activity to prepare poly(D,L ‐lactide) (PLA) with a viscosity molecular weight of 4.5 × 104 g mol?1 and the conversion of 97 % at 100 °C in 45 min. The catalytic activity of Ln(ODMP)3 has following sequence: La > Nd > Sm > Gd > Er > Y. A kinetic study has indicated that the polymerization is first order with respect to both monomer and catalyst concentration. The apparent activation energy of the polymerization of LA with La(ODMP)3 is 69.6 kJ mol?1. The analyses of polymer ends indicate that the LA polymerization proceeds according to ‘coordination–insertion’ mechanism with selective cleavage of the acyl–oxygen bond of the monomer. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
9.
高温和低张应力引起的非平衡晶界偏聚动力学(Ⅱ)--实验结果的动力学模拟 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
以文献[1]建立的张应力引起的非平衡晶界偏聚动力学方程模拟了Shinoda T等的磷在钢中的应力时效实验结果和Misra R D K的硫在钢中的应力时效实验结果,模拟结果与实验结果互相吻合。通过模拟发现,张应力使磷-空位复合体以及硫-空位复合体在钢中的扩散系数均增加3个数量级,且磷原子和硫原子的扩散系数分别降低3个和5个数量级。 相似文献
10.
重馏分油加氢脱氮反应动力学模型的研究 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9
简要地介绍了一些典型的模型氮化物的HDN反应规律。根据胜利VGO在3722B催化剂上的大量HDN实验数据,提出了如下的HDN基本反应动力学方程:dCNdt=-k1+K*CNCNPH2为了扩大上式的应用范围,详细分析了各种因素(如原料油种类和馏程及H2S等)对HDN的影响,并开发了相应的经验关联式,从而得到了一个较完整的馏分油HDN反应动力学模型。验证实验表明,该模型是成功的。 相似文献