Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Freeze-Dried and Oven Dried Corn Gluten Meals

The physicochemical and functional properties of convection oven- and freeze-dried gluten meals of two corn varieties were evaluated. The physicochemical properties (water solubility index, water absorption index, Hunter color parameters, and bulk density) and functional properties (water absorption, oil absorption, least gelation concentration, protein solubility, and emulsification properties) of convection-oven and freeze-dried corn gluten meals were compared with each other and soy flour. Freeze-dried corn gluten meals was observed to have lower bulk density (0.244-0.263 kg/m³) and was lighter in color (high L and ΔE) compared to their counterpart convection oven-dried gluten meals. Freeze-dried gluten meals from both corn varieties showed significantly higher oil absorption, water absorption, pH, emulsification, and protein solubility compared to oven-dried corn gluten meals. The gluten meals from both corn varieties had lower water absorption and bulk density but higher oil absorption than soy flour, suggesting the hydrophobic nature of corn proteins. Corn gluten meals formed thin (pourable) emulsions compared to soy flour emulsions, which were thick salad dressing type. Freeze- and convection oven-dried corn gluten meals showed significantly lower protein solubility measured at different pH than soy flour.     

发展我国冻干蔬菜产业大有可为

本文介绍了真空冷冻干燥食品的发展现状、特点及其工艺流程 ,着重讨论了发展冻干食品工业的广阔前景     

奶牛生物（活菌）饲料的研究

以酒精糟、白酒糟、碎玉米、啤酒糟等为原料,添加尿素、（NH4）2SO4及营养液F,采用“液体种子培养,多菌种混合固态发酵技术”生产奶牛生物（活菌）饲料。饲料粗蛋白平均含量36．55％、提高率1635％;酵母菌、有效细菌总数及活菌率分别为：7．85×10^8个g、7．11×10^9个,g和82．2％;β-淀粉酶1356mg／（g．h）、纤维素酶168um／（g．h）、中性蛋白酶1088ug／（g．min）、碱性蛋白酶372ug/（g·min）、糖化酶110u／（g．h）;VA80IU／（100g）、VB：2．35mg／（100g）、VD2945IU／（100g）、VC1．1mg／（100g）、烟酸10．7mg／（100g）。     

Dried Blood Spots as Matrix for Evaluation of Valproate Levels and the Immediate and Delayed Metabolomic Changes Induced by Single Valproate Dose Treatment

The immediate and delayed metabolic changes in rats treated with valproate (VPA), a drug used for the treatment of epilepsy, were profiled. An established approach using dried blood spots (DBS) as sample matrices for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-based metabolomics profiling was modified using double solvents in the extraction of analytes. With the modified method, some of the previously undetectable metabolites were recovered and subtle differences in the metabolic changes upon exposure to a single dose of VPA between males and female rats were identified. In male rats, changes in 2-hydroxybutyric acid, pipecolic acid, tetratriacontane and stearic acid were found between the control and treatment groups at various time points from 2.5 h up to 24 h. In contrast, such differences were not observed in female rats, which could be caused by the vast inter-individual variations in metabolite levels within the female group. Based on the measured DBS drug concentrations, clearance and apparent volume of distribution of VPA were estimated and the values were found to be comparable to those estimated previously from full blood drug concentrations. The current study indicated that DBS is a powerful tool to monitor drug levels and metabolic changes in response to drug treatment.     

不同含盐量挂面食品的离子释放与存留研究

运用等离子体发射光谱仪和离子色谱仪检测干基挂面及其煮制后的钾离子、钠离子在固液两相中的含量.煮制之后,钠存留率与干基挂面横截面积呈线性正方向关系,钠流失率与干基挂面横截面积呈线性反方向关系;与之相反,钾存留率与干基挂面横截面积呈线性反方向关系,钾流失率与干基挂面横截面积呈线性正方向关系.干基挂面横截面积对钠元素溶出行为...     

北方干鲜果害鼠绿色防控技术

文章介绍了北方干鲜果各种不同为害方式害鼠的相应的绿色防控技术,树根和树干害鼠中华鼢鼠、棕色田鼠宜采用银恒快速捕鼠器捕杀;果实害鼠岩松鼠、花鼠、北社鼠防治时等应采用坚果注射杀鼠剂精准灭鼠技术;果园地面害鼠大仓鼠、长尾仓鼠、黑线姬鼠等可采用TBS技术绿色防控;果实贮藏害鼠褐家鼠、黄胸鼠、小家鼠采用粘鼠板消灭。各类绿色灭鼠技术可为干鲜果害鼠的防控提供参考。     

干贝多糖的蛋白质脱除方式对抗氧化活性的影响

为比较蛋白质脱除方式对干贝多糖的组成、结构和抗氧化活性的影响,对热水辅助超声法提取的干贝柱多糖采用碱酶法、稀碱法、三氯乙酸(TCA)法、D-葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯(GDL)法4种方式脱蛋白质,并比较脱蛋白质后4组多糖的多糖质量分数、单糖组成、氨基酸组成、三螺旋结构、微观结构及体外抗氧化活性.结果表明:TCA组多糖的质量分数...     

Dried jujube classification using support vector machine based on fractal parameters and red,green and blue intensity

A new method that combines fractal theory and red, green and blue (RGB) colour intensity was developed to sort dried jujube fruits by using support vector machine (SVM). Our result shows that the new method is fast and accurate in dried jujube fruits classification. The SVM models based on fractal parameters only achieved 85.18–92.73% total accuracy rate. The total classification accuracy of SVM based on RGB intensity values was 94.44%. However, the SVM models based on combining fractal parameters with RGB intensity values achieved 94.44–98.15% total accuracy rate. The best classification accuracy (98.15%) was found when using SVM model based on combining fractal measures (FM) with RGB intensity values (C = 512, γ = 0.0078125). Therefore, the SVM model based on combining FMs with RGB intensity is recommended in dried jujube fruits classification.     

不同干燥方法对茉莉花品质影响分析

根据茉莉花的生物学特性，通过试验研究了吸香或未吸香茉莉花浸膏的芳香组分，并对比研究茉莉花花蕾、吸香鲜花及未吸香鲜花经自然干燥、烘箱干燥、微波干燥、真空干燥或真空冷冻干燥后的干花品质，为茉莉花干花产业化提供了有价值的数据。